Melperone

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Melperone
Skeletal formula of melperone
Space-filling model of the melperone molecule
Systematic (IUPAC) name
1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)butan-1-one
Clinical data
Trade names Buronil
AHFS/Drugs.com International Drug Names
Legal status
  • ℞ (Prescription only)
Routes of
administration		 Oral, intramuscular injection
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 87% (IM), 54% (Oral via syrup), 65% (Oral, tablet)[1]
Protein binding 50%
Metabolism Hepatic
Biological half-life 3–4 hours (oral)[1]
6 hours (IM)
Excretion Renal (70% as metabolites, 5.5–10.4% as unchanged drug)[1][2]
Identifiers
CAS Number 3575-80-2 YesY
ATC code N05AD03 (WHO)
PubChem CID: 15387
ChemSpider 14646 YesY
UNII J8WA3K39B7 YesY
KEGG D07309 YesY
Chemical data
Formula C16H22FNO
Molecular mass 263.35 g/mol
  • Fc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)CCCN2CCC(CC2)C
  • InChI=1S/C16H22FNO/c1-13-8-11-18(12-9-13)10-2-3-16(19)14-4-6-15(17)7-5-14/h4-7,13H,2-3,8-12H2,1H3 YesY
  • Key:DKMFBWQBDIGMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N YesY
  (verify)

Melperone (Bunil (PT), Buronil (AT, BE, CZ, DK, FL†, NL†, NO†, SE), Eunerpan (DE))[3] is an atypical antipsychotic of the butyrophenone chemical class, making it structurally related to the typical antipsychotic haloperidol. It first entered clinical use in 1960s.[4]

Marketing and indications

It has been tried in treatment-resistant cases of schizophrenia with some (albeit limited) success.[4][5][6][7] It has also been reported effective in the treatment of L-DOPA and other forms of psychosis in Parkinson's disease[8] (although a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted in 2012 failed to support these findings[9]). It is also known to possess anxiolytic properties.[10] It is marketed in the following countries:[3]

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Adverse effects

Melperone is reported to produce significantly less weight gain than clozapine and approximately as much weight gain as typical antipsychotics.[11] It is also purported to produce around as much prolactin secretion as clozapine (which is virtually nill).[12] It is also purported to produce sedative effects[13] and QT interval prolongation.[14] It is also known to produce less extrapyramidal side effects than the first-generation (typical) antipsychotic, thiothixene.[15] It can also produce (usually relatively mild) dry mouth.[16]

Other common adverse effects include[17][18][19]

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* tremor, dystonia, hypokinesis, akathisia, dyskinesias

Rare adverse effects include[17][18][19]
Unknown frequency adverse effects include[17][18][19]

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  • Seizures (probably rare/uncommon)
  • Increased intraocular pressure
  • Intrahepatic cholestasis (probably rare)
  • Orthostatic hypotension (probably common)
  • Arrhythmias
  • Rash
  • Hyperprolactinemia**
  • Weight gain
  • Increased appetite

** which can lead to galactorrhea, gynecomastia, etc.

Interactions

Melperone is reported to be a CYP2D6 inhibitor.[20][21][22]

Pharmacology

Melperone binds to the dopamine D2 receptor, just like all other clinically-utilized antipsychotics, but it does so with a very low affinity and hence may be liable to rapidly dissociate from the D2 receptor hence potentially giving it the profile of an atypical antipsychotic.[23]

Receptor Ki [nM][24]
5-HT1A 2,200
5-HT1D 3,400
5-HT2A 230
5-HT2C 2,100
5-HT6 1,254
5-HT7 578
α1 180
α2 150
M1 >10,000
M2 2,400
M3 >10,000
M4 4,400
M5 >10,000
D2 194
D3 8.95
D4 555
H1 580

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Product Information: Eunerpan®, Melperonhydrochlorid. Knoll Deutschland GmbH, Ludwigshafen, 1995.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Barbato L, Monge A, Stocchi F, Nordera G. Melperone in the treatment of iatrogenic psychosis in Parkinson’s disease. Funct Neurol. 1996 Aug;11(4):201–7.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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