Penaeus monodon
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P. monodon
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| Binomial name | |
| Penaeus monodon Fabricius, 1798
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Penaeus monodon, commonly known as the giant tiger prawn[1][2] or Asian tiger shrimp[3][4] (and also known by other common names), is a marine crustacean that is widely reared for food.
Contents
Taxonomy
Penaeus monodon was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1798. That name was overlooked for a long time, however, until 1949, when Lipke Holthuis clarified to which species it referred.[5] Holthuis also showed that P. monodon had to be the type species of the genus Penaeus.[5]
Description
Females can reach about 33 cm (13 in) long, but are typically 25–30 cm (10–12 in) long and weight 200–320 g (7–11 oz); males are slightly smaller at 20–25 cm (8–10 in) long and weighing 100–170 g (3.5–6.0 oz).[1] The carapace and abdomen are transversely banded with alternative red and white. The antennae are grayish brown. Brown pereiopods and pleopods are present with fringing setae in red. [6]
Distribution
Its natural distribution is the Indo-Pacific, ranging from the eastern coast of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, as far as Southeast Asia, the Pacific Ocean, and northern Australia.[7]
It is an invasive species in the northern waters of the Gulf of Mexico[4] and the Atlantic Ocean off the southern US.[8]
Aquaculture
Penaeus monodon is the second-most widely cultured prawn species in the world, after only whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.[1] In 2009, 770,000 tonnes were produced, with a total value of US$3,650,000,000.[1]
Sustainable consumption
In 2010, Greenpeace added Penaeus monodon to its seafood red list – "a list of fish that are commonly sold in supermarkets around the world, and which have a very high risk of being sourced from unsustainable fisheries".[9] The reasons given by Greenpeace were "destruction of vast areas of mangroves in several countries, over-fishing of juvenile shrimp from the wild to supply farms, and significant human rights abuses".[9]
References
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- ↑ http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/stories/2014/07/7_21_14asian_tiger_shrimp.html NOAA
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