Decitabine

Decitabine

Systematic (IUPAC) name
4-Amino-1-(2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one
Clinical data
Trade names	Dacogen
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a608009
Pregnancy category	D
Legal status	℞ (Prescription only)
Routes of administration	Intravenous
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	<1%
Biological half-life	30 minutes
Identifiers
CAS Number	2353-33-5 Y
ATC code	L01BC08 (WHO)
PubChem	CID: 451668
IUPHAR/BPS	6805
DrugBank	DB01262 Y
ChemSpider	397844 Y
UNII	776B62CQ27 Y
KEGG	D03665 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:50131 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1201129 N
Chemical data
Formula	C8H12N4O4
Molecular mass	228.206 g/mol
SMILES O=C1/N=C(\N=C/N1[C@@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)C2)CO)N
InChI InChI=1S/C8H12N4O4/c9-7-10-3-12(8(15)11-7)6-1-4(14)5(2-13)16-6/h3-6,13-14H,1-2H2,(H2,9,11,15)/t4-,5+,6+/m0/s1 Y Key:XAUDJQYHKZQPEU-KVQBGUIXSA-N Y
NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Decitabine (trade name Dacogen), or 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, is a drug for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes, a class of conditions where certain blood cells are dysfunctional, and for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Chemically, it is a cytidine analog.

Mechanism

Decitabine is a hypomethylating agent. It hypomethylates DNA by inhibiting DNA methyltransferase.

It functions in a similar manner to azacitidine, although decitabine can only be incorporated into DNA strands while azacitidine can be incorporated into both DNA and RNA chains.

Clinical uses

Decitabine is indicated for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) including previously treated and untreated, de novo and secondary MDS of all French-American-British subtypes (refractory anemia, refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia) and Intermediate-1, Intermediate-2, and High-Risk International Prognostic Scoring System groups. In patients with renal insufficiency, Batty and colleagues reported the first case series on the feasibility of therapy with hypomethylating agents in patients with renal insufficiency.

External links

• Product website