Daniela Silivaș

Daniela Silivaș
— Gymnast —
File:Daniela Silivaş 1987.jpg Daniela Silivaș in 1972
Personal information
Full name	Viorica Daniela Silivaș-Harper
Nickname(s)	Dana
Country represented	Romania
Born	(1972-05-09) May 9, 1972 Deva, Romania
Residence	Marietta, Georgia
Height	1.45 m (4 ft 9 in)
Weight	38 kg (84 lb)
Discipline	Women's artistic gymnastics
Level	Senior International Elite
Years on national team	5 (1985–1989) (senior)
Gym	Deva National Training Center
Head coach(es)	Adrian Goreac
Former coach(es)	Béla Károlyi, Márta Károlyi
Music	1985-1986: "Turkey in the Straw"/"Cotton Eye Joe" 1987: "Ochi Chernye"/"Dark Eyes" 1988: "Macho Mozart" by the Latin Rascals 1989: "Ciuleandra"
Eponymous skills	Silivaș mount (balance beam) Silivaș (floor)
Retired	1991
Medal record Olympic Games 1988 Seoul Uneven Bars 1988 Seoul Balance Beam 1988 Seoul Floor Exercise 1988 Seoul Team 1988 Seoul All-Around 1988 Seoul Vault World Championships 1985 Montreal Balance Beam 1987 Rotterdam Team 1987 Rotterdam Uneven Bars 1987 Rotterdam Floor Exercise 1989 Stuttgart Uneven Bars 1989 Stuttgart Balance Beam 1989 Stuttgart Floor Exercise 1985 Montreal Team 1989 Stuttgart Team 1987 Rotterdam All-Around World Cup Final 1986 Beijing All-Around 1986 Beijing Balance Beam 1986 Beijing Uneven Bars European Championships 1987 Moscow All-Around 1987 Moscow Uneven Bars 1987 Moscow Balance Beam 1987 Moscow Floor Exercise 1989 Brussels Floor Exercise 1987 Moscow Vault 1989 Brussels All-Around 1989 Brussels Uneven Bars 1985 Helsinki Floor Exercise 1989 Brussels Balance Beam

Viorica Daniela Silivaș-Harper (Romanian pronunciation: [daniˈela siliˈvaʃ]; born May 9, 1972), best known as Daniela Silivaș, is a Romanian former gymnast who is most famous for winning six medals (three gold, two silver, and one bronze) in women's artistic gymnastics at the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul, Korea. In her five-year tenure as a member of the Romanian senior national team, Silivaș earned six individual World Championships titles as well the 1987 European Championships all-around title. She was the only gymnast, male or female, to medal in every single event at the 1988 Summer Olympics, where she earned 7 perfect 10 scores. A popular gymnast, she was known for her technical excellence, effortless difficulty, charming performances and artistic flair.

In 1989, Silivaș's training was hampered by the closure of the Deva National Training Center during the Romanian Revolution and further impeded by a knee injury. She formally retired in 1991 and moved to the United States, where she currently enjoys a career as a gymnastics coach. In 2002 she was inducted into the International Gymnastics Hall of Fame.

Early life and career

Daniela Silivaș was born in Deva, Transylvania, on May 9, 1972. She began gymnastics at age 6 and was coached by the legendary Béla Károlyi for six months before his defection in 1981. Silivaș won her school's championships in 1980, and in 1981 and 1982, was the Romanian Junior National Champion. She continued to compete in various junior meets through 1984, enjoying a particularly strong showing at the 1984 Junior European Championships, where she won the balance beam title, earned silver medals on the uneven bars and floor exercise, and placed 4th in the all-around. The 1984 Junior Friendship Tournament (Druzhba) was another especially successful meet for Silivaș: she won gold medals in the all-around and uneven bars over a strong field that included future Olympic and World medalists Svetlana Boguinskaya, Aurelia Dobre and Dagmar Kersten.

Senior career

Age controversy

However, Silivaș did not linger for long in the junior ranks. In 1985, the Romanian Gymnastics Federation changed her birth year from 1972 to 1970 to make her age eligible for the World Championships in Montreal. The falsification was suspected by some, but was never fully verified until Silivaș herself revealed it in 2002. She stated that she was never consulted about the matter: officials simply gave her a new passport, called her attention to the birth date, and informed her that she was now 15.

1985–1987

Although she was only 13 at the 1985 Worlds, Silivaș scored a perfect 10 en route to capturing the World balance beam title, defeating the reigning Olympic Champion, her teammate, Ecaterina Szabo, in the process. She finished behind reigning co-World Champion Yelena Shushunova in the individual all-around at the 1986 World Cup and quickly established herself as the leader of the Romanian gymnastics team. Silivaș's greatest triumph took place at the 1987 European Gymnastics Championships in Moscow, where she won the individual all-around, uneven bars, balance beam and floor exercise titles in addition to taking a silver medal on the vault. At the time, every dominant nation in women's gymnastics was located in Europe; winning the European title over the deep field of powerful Soviet, East German and Bulgarian gymnasts marked a major victory.

Silivaș at the 1987 World Championships

At the 1987 World Championships in Rotterdam, Silivaș helped the Romanian squad win the team title, defeating the nearly invincible world champion Soviet team for the first time since 1979. She was a favorite for the all-around title, but, hampered by low scores carried over from the team optionals, where she had stepped off the balance beam, as well as a shaky uneven bars routine in the all-around, she only managed to win the bronze medal behind teammate Aurelia Dobre and defending World Champion Shushunova. In the event finals, Silivaș did win two gold medals, on the uneven bars and the floor.

1988 Olympics

At the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, Silivaș was one of the favorites, along with Dobre and Shushunova, for the all-around title. In the team competition, Romania finished second to the Soviet squad.

The stage was set for the all-around, with a hotly anticipated battle between Silivaș, the technician and dancer; and Shushunova, the powerhouse and tumbler. Both gymnasts turned in especially strong performances. Both Silivaș and Shushunova received scores of 10.0 on floor; Shushunova received her second 10.0 on vault; Silivaș received hers on the uneven bars. Silivaș was in the lead entering the final rotation, but a score of 9.950 on the vault dropped her to second place behind Shushunova by only 0.025.

The all-around duel between Silivaș and Shushunova is widely acknowledged to have been one of the finest contests in the history of the sport, not to mention the most hotly debated. In particular, Silivaș's score on vault came under scrutiny. Of the six judges on the panel, three marked her first vault as a 10.0; two others gave her 9.9s. The Soviet judge on the panel, Nellie Kim, however, only scored Silivaș at a 9.8. On her second vault attempt Silivaș took a hop on her landing; all six judges gave her 9.9s. Silivaș was visibly upset after Shushunova's scores were posted and at the medal ceremony; according to a report in International Gymnast, her comment on the competition was "after my last vault, I thought maybe I should be the champion." However, she did not argue the results publicly. Her former coach, Bela Károlyi, noted, "This kid had the honesty and decency to shut up. She didn’t want to say ‘I’m better’ because she knows Shushunova is the Olympic champion but she couldn’t praise a rival. So she just didn’t say a word. These kids have more decency than all the judges and coaches in the world."

In spite of the controversy, no score protests were ever filed by Silivaș, her coaches, or her Federation, and no disciplinary measures were taken against any of the judges. In addition, even though Kim's first mark was considered questionable by many fans, it did not actually figure into Silivaș's final score: in 1988, the highest and lowest marks of the panel were dropped; the final score was the average of the remaining four marks. Also, in spite of her vault score, Silivaș's cumulative overall all-around total was actually higher than that of Shushunova: if the competition had been held under the New Life rule, she would have won.

Silivaș returned in the event finals to win gold medals on the uneven bars, floor and beam, well as bronze in the vault behind Soviet Svetlana Boguinskaya (gold) and teammate Gabriela Potorac (silver). In the process, she became the only gymnast in Seoul to win medals on every single event in all three competitions (team, all-around and event finals). She also equaled Nadia Comăneci's record of seven perfect 10 scores in a single Olympic competition.

Post Olympic Games and retirement

Despite being plagued with a serious knee injury in 1989, Silivaș was able to successfully defend her floor exercise title at the European Championships and won three additional medals. In the all-around, she placed second to Svetlana Boguinskaya. Still injured, she went to the 1989 World Championships where she placed 12th in the all-around after falling from the balance beam. Undaunted, she returned in event finals to capture three more gold medals on the bars, beam and floor. After several more competitions in 1989, Silivaș underwent surgery on her knee and intended to return to the gym to train. The Romanian Revolution of 1989 closed the National Training Center at Deva, putting an early end to her career.

Life after gymnastics

Silivaș formally retired from gymnastics in 1991 and moved to the United States, settling in Atlanta, Georgia. In 2002, Silivaș was inducted into the International Gymnastics Hall of Fame; she still holds the record as the youngest gymnast ever to receive this honor.

Silivaș works full-time as a gymnastics coach in Sandy Springs, Georgia. In May 2003, she married Scott Harper, a sports management graduate living in the Atlanta area. The couple have three children: two sons, Jadan Scott, born April 8, 2004 and Rylan Bryce Harper, born October 2009; and a daughter, Ava Luciana, born November 8, 2005. The Harpers reside in Marietta, Georgia.

Skills

The hallmarks of Silivaș's gymnastics were her impeccable form and execution, difficulty and expressive dance. Perhaps her weakest event was vault, although her vault was serviceable. Her strongest events were arguably the uneven bars and the floor exercise, in which she was the world champion on both events in 1987 and 1989 and the Olympic champion on both events in 1988. Many of the skills she performed in the 1988 Olympics still carry high difficulty ratings in the 2007 Code of Points. Between 1985 and 1988, the highlights of Silivaș's routines included:

Vault

• Tucked Yurchenko Full
• Layout Yurchenko Full

Uneven bars

• Stalder 1/2 pirouette directly into Endo 1/2 pirouette
• Straddled Deltchev
• Straddled Tkatchev
• Shaposhnikova transition
• Free Hip frontaway to Front 1/2 dismount

Balance beam

• The "Silivaș" mount: shoulder stand-pirouette to cheststand
• Back handspring, two layout step-outs
• Back handspring, layout on two feet
• Aerial front walkover
• Double back tuck dismount

Floor exercise

• "Back to back" tumbling: Round-off, back handspring, double twist, punch front, round-off, back handspring, double twist, punch front.
• Triple twist
• Double twisting double back tuck "Silivaș"
• Tucked Full-In
• Piked Full-In
• Double back tuck
• Double tour-double pirouette
• The "Silivaș" skill, which involved spinning on the ankles

See also

• List of multiple Olympic medalists at a single Games
• List of Olympic female gymnasts for Romania
• List of top Olympic gymnastics medalists
• List of top medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships

External links

• Daniela Silivaş at Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique
• List of competitive results at Gymn Forum
• Silivaș(Floor Exercise skills)