Bombardier Zefiro

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Zefiro
Zefiro 380 1.jpg
Bombardier Zefiro 380
Type and origin
Power type Electric
Designer Bombardier
Builder Bombardier, AnsaldoBreda
Build date 2009-
Specifications
UIC class Bo'Bo'-2'2'-2'2'-Bo'Bo'-Bo'Bo'-2'2'-2'2'-Bo'Bo'
(300 km/h or 186 mph 8-car version)[1]
Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Wheel diameter 915 mm (36.0 in)/835 mm (32.9 in) (new/worn)[1]
Wheelbase 17.375 m (57.00 ft)
(between bogie centres)[1]
Length 26.390 m (86.58 ft)
(driving car)[2]
24.775 m (81.28 ft) (intermediate cars)[2]
Width 2.9 or 3.4 m (9 ft 6 in or 11 ft 2 in) [1][2]
Height 3.890 m (12 ft 9.1 in)[1]
Axle load 16.5 t (16.2 long tons; 18.2 short tons)
Power supply (?)
Electric system(s) Overhead catenary
1.5 & 3 kV DC, 15 kV AC & 25 kV 50 Hz AC (any of)[1][3]
Current collection Pantograph
Train brakes Electro-dynamic (regenerative) and electro-pneumatic disc[1]
Performance figures
Maximum speed 250 to 380 km/h (155 to 236 mph)[3]

Bombardier Zefiro is a family of high-speed passenger trains designed by Bombardier Transportation whose variants have top operating speeds of between 250 km/h (155 mph) and 380 km/h (236 mph).

The family consists of: the Zefiro 250, which has a top operating speed of 250 km/h (155 mph) and which is for the moment wholly manufactured in China; the Zefiro 300, which has a top operating speed of 300 km/h (186 mph); and the Zefiro 380, which has a top operating speed of 380 km/h (236 mph).

Background

Bombardier transportation and its predecessor companies produced a variety of high-speed trainsets,[4] as part collaborations with other conglomerates, such as the Intercity-Express family of locomotives[5] (Germany), AVE Class 102,[5] RENFE class 130 (Spain), ICN (Switzerland), the Acela express[5] (USA), and parts of the TGV Duplex, Eurostar, Thalys, and ETR 500[5] trainsets (Europe various). Additionally the company has independently produced high-speed trainsets for specific markets, such as CRH1, "Xinshisu" (China), X 2000,[5] Regina (Sweden) and BM71 (Norway).[6]

In November 2005 Bombardier launched its general solution, the Zefiro single-deck train for high-speed rail lines, available in 4-, 8-,12- or 16-car sets,[4] capable of being configured for a variety of supply voltages,[3] and produced in either standard (2.9 m or 9 ft 6 in) or a wide (3.4 m or 11 ft 2 in) widths.[2]

Design

The Zefiro trainset is a conventional (non-inter-coach articulated) single-deck electrical-multiple-unit high-speed train. It consists of powered and unpowered cars, with motorized power cars at either end.[4] Car bodies are constructed of aluminium, with the exception of the wide-bodied Zefiro 250 trains, the bodies of which have stainless steel bodies. They have customisable open-plan layouts.[7]

Trains are made up of 4-car units, each of which contains a transformer and its own power supply. Typically, the end cars of each 4-car unit have powered bogies, with the two middle cars being unpowered. The pantograph is located on one of the unpowered cars.[1]

The specifications for all current designs (2009) describe asynchronous three-phase motors, with forced air cooling.[1] However, Bombardier also offers the option of permanent-magnet synchronous motors[8] (which it groups in its "ECO4" energy-saving technologies),[9] which were tested on modified Regina trains in 2008 on the "Green Train" (Swedish: Gröna Tåget).[10]

Variants

Zefiro 250

Zefiro 250
CRH1E.jpg
Constructed 2009-
Formation 8 or 16 cars (sleeper or seated)[11]
Capacity 480 beds, 16 luxury beds, 122 seats (16-car sleeper version)[11]
Operator(s) Chinese Ministry of Railways
Specifications
Car body construction Stainless steel carbody in wide profile[11]
Train length 216 m (709 ft) (8 cars),
428.9 m (1,407 ft)(16 cars)[11]
Car length 28.25 m (92.7 ft) (Cab cars), 26.6 m (87 ft 3 in)
(Intermediate cars)[11]
Width 3.328 m (10 ft 11.0 in)[11]
Height 4.04 m (13 ft 3 in)[11]
Maximum speed 250 km/h (155 mph)[11]
Weight 890 t (880 long tons; 980 short tons)
(16-car trainset)[11]
Axle load 16.5 t (16.2 long tons; 18.2 short tons)
Power output 13.5 MW (18,100 hp)
(for propulsion),
11 MW (15,000 hp) (CRH1E)[11]
Transmission AC - AC
Acceleration 0.6 m/s2 (2.0 ft/s2)[11]
Power supply Overhead catenary
Electric system(s) 25 kV 50 Hz AC[11]
Current collection method Pantograph
Bogies Regina type ("FLEXX link") with 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) wheelbase[11]
Braking system(s) Electro-pneumatic, Regenerativce
Multiple working Possible for two 8-car trainsets, not possible for 16-car trainset[11]
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge

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See also: China Railways CRH1

The first variant of the Zefiro concept to be produced was a series of twenty 16-car EMU sleeper trains produced by Bombardier's joint venture Sifang Power (Qingdao) Transportation (BSP), which were delivered from 2009. These trains were the first high-speed trains license manufactured in China as well as the highest speed sleeper trains at that time.[5]

Under China railways use they are classified class CRH1E.[12]

Starting acceleration is greater than 0.6 m/s2 (2.0 ft/s2), with a 16-car train weight of 859 t (845 long tons; 947 short tons) and an axle load of 16.5 t (16.2 long tons; 18.2 short tons), bogie type is that found on the Regina (train) with 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) wheelbase with 63% of axles motorized.[13]

In July 2010 The Ministry of Railways ordered 40 more 8-car 250 km/h (155 mph) CRH1 Zefiro high-speed trains from the Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation Ltd joint venture.[14]

In September 2012, based on a modified contract with Bombardier, The MOR ordered an additional 106 8-car trains, 60 of which are to be a new variant, designated the Zefiro 250NG. This variant is an evolution of the original, and will utilize different materials in order to provide weight savings and more efficient operation.[15]

Zefiro 300

Zefiro 300
Mockup of Frecciarossa 1000 on InnoTrans 2012.jpg
Formation up to 16 cars[13]
Capacity 600 seats (8 cars)[13]
1,200 seats (16 car)[13]
Operator(s) Trenitalia
Specifications
Car body construction Aluminium carbody, UIC profile[13]
Train length 202 m (663 ft) (8-car train),
402 m (1,319 ft) (16-car train)[13]
Width 2.924 m (9 ft 7.1 in)[16]
Height 4.08 m (13 ft 5 in)
Floor height 1.24 m (4 ft 1 in)
Doors 28 total
Maximum speed 300 to 360 km/h (186 to 224 mph)[13]
Weight 500 t (492.1 long tons; 551.2 short tons)
Axle load ~17 t (16.7 long tons; 18.7 short tons).[13]
Traction system IGBT Inverters and AC Asynchronous Motors
Power output 9.8 MW (13,100 hp) (8-car train @300 km/h or 186 mph)[13]
Acceleration 0.7 m/s2 (1.6 mph/s)[13]
Deceleration 1.2 m/s2 (2.7 mph/s)
Power supply Overhead catenary
Electric system(s) 1.5 & 3 kV DC, 15 kV 16.7 Hz & 25 kV 50 Hz AC
Current collection method Pantograph
Bogies "FLEXX speed", 2.85 m (9 ft 4 in) wheelbase[13]
Braking system(s) Regenerative, Friction
Multiple working Possible for two 8-car trainsets,
not possible for 16-car trainset[13]
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)

The Zefiro 300 is intended for European operations, with a UIC profile, and capable of being fitted for use on all four European electrification schemes (1.5 & 3 kV DC, 15 & 25 kV AC). Bogies are FLEXX type with a 2.85 m (9 ft 4 in) wheelbase,[13] 50% of which are motorized. Starting acceleration is greater than 0.60 m/s2 (2.0 ft/s2). It has an axle load of approximately 17 t (16.7 long tons; 18.7 short tons).[13] Two 8-car sets can be joined together to form one longer train.[13]

A variant of the Zefiro 300 was offered by Bombardier in association with AnsaldoBreda to Trenitalia, the Italian national railway service, as part of a bid for 50 new high-speed trainsets in 2010.[17] Trenitalia selected this bid as the winner on 5 August 2010.[18] These entered service in 2015 and are designated ETR 1000.[19]

Zefiro 380

Zefiro 380
CRH380D in Guangzhou North Station.jpg
Entered service 2012[3]
Formation 8 or 16 cars[20]
Capacity 664 seats (max) 8 car
1,336 seats (max) 16 car[20]
Operator(s) Chinese Ministry of Railways
Specifications
Car body construction Aluminium carbody, wide profile[20]
Train length 215.3 m (706 ft) (8 car)
428.1 m (1,405 ft) (16 car)[20]
Car length 27.85 m (91 ft 4 in) (Cab car)
26.6 m (87 ft 3 in) (Intermediate car)[20]
Width 3.4 m (11 ft 2 in)[20]
Height 4.16 m (13 ft 8 in)[20]
Maximum speed 380 km/h (236 mph)
Weight 462 t (455 long tons; 509 short tons) (Empty)
1,088 t (1,071 long tons; 1,199 short tons) (Full axle load)[20]
Power output Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1851: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (16-car @380 km/h or 236 mph)
Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1851: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (8-car @380 km/h or 236 mph)[20]
Transmission AC - AC
Acceleration 0.48 m/s2 (1.6 ft/s2)[20]
Power supply Overhead catenary
Electric system(s) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
Current collection method Pantograph
UIC classification Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′ (8 car set)
Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′ (16 car set)
Bogies "FLEXX speed" with 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) wheelbase[20]
Braking system(s) Regenerative and pneumatic
Multiple working Possible for two 8-car trainsets, not possible for 16-car trainset[20]
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge

In September 2009, Bombardier announced an order for eighty Zefiro 380 high-speed trains by the Chinese Ministry of Railways (MOR) to be produced at Bombardier's joint venture Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation Ltd. The order of twenty 8-car sets and sixty 16-car sets was estimated to be worth 27.4 billion RMB (approx €2.7 billion or $4 billion). The value of Bombardier's share is estimated at €1.3 billion. [21][22]

Under China railways use these trains have been designated CRH1C (8-car set) and CRH1D (16-car set).[12] which was in December 2010 revised to CRH380C and CRH380CL and once again to CRH380D (8-car set) & CRH380DL (16-car set) according to the new numbering system.[23]

As of the most recent news, the order has been amended to include only seventy 8-car sets, designated as the CRH380D. Orders for the 16-car DL sets were converted to D sets in late 2011.[15]

The first three sets have been delivered,[24][25][26] with the first undergoing testing.[27]

See also


References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 BOMBARDIER ZEFIRO High-speed Trains for 200 to 350 km/h Bombardier zefiro technical description. via superscooper.com
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Bombardier launches high-speed train International Railway Journal, December 2005, via findarticles.com
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 ZEFIRO high speed trains Project Overview bombardier.com
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 High speed from Bombardier – ZEFIRO (presentation) Flavio Canetti, Bombardier Transportation via uic.org
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Will Zefiro take high-speed forward? After years of collaboration in high-speed trains, Bombardier will soon launch its own dedicated train called Zefiro, and the company has high expectations of this exciting new design International Railway Journal, March 2008, via findarticles.com
  6. ↑ [1]
  7. ↑ Backgrounder: Bombardier Zefiro: The next step in very high-speed rail technology transport.bombardier.com
  8. ↑ MITRAC Permanent Magnet Motor bombardier.com
  9. ↑ ECO4: Revolutionary Energy-Saving Technologies bombardier.com
  10. ↑ ECO4 – Now, More than Ever, the Climate is Right for Trains page 5 bombardier.com
  11. ↑ 11.00 11.01 11.02 11.03 11.04 11.05 11.06 11.07 11.08 11.09 11.10 11.11 11.12 11.13 http://www.zefiro.bombardier.com/desktop/media/files/zefiro_250_datasheet_low_res.pdf
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 The New High Speed Superpower www.eurotrib.com
  13. ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 http://www.zefiro.bombardier.com/desktop/media/files/zefiro_low_res.pdf
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/passenger/single-view/view/zefiro-250ng-included-in-revised-high-speed-train-contract.html
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ 20.00 20.01 20.02 20.03 20.04 20.05 20.06 20.07 20.08 20.09 20.10 20.11 Zefiro 380 Datasheet - Bombardier zefiro.bombardier.com
  21. ↑ Bombardier Sifang Wins Contract to Build 80 Very High Speed Trains for China Market Wire, September 2009 via findarticles.com
  22. ↑ Bombardier Sifang Wins Contract to Build 80 Very High Speed Trains for China September 28, 2009 , press release bombardier.com
  23. ↑ Ministry of Railway, Passenger Division, Bulletin Nr. 807, 2010
  24. ↑ http://bbs.railcn.net/thread-1228064-1-1.html
  25. ↑ http://img528.imageshack.us/img528/7170/6776535954350e3ece07b.jpg
  26. ↑ http://img19.imageshack.us/img19/1200/677653619696b16196f6b.jpg
  27. ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g6FsMcqMLRw

External links

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