United Confederate Veterans

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United Confederate Veterans
Abbreviation U.C.V.
Successor Sons of Confederate Veterans
Formation June 10, 1889 (1889-06-10)
Founder Joseph Shipp
Extinction May 30, 1951 (1951-05-30)
Type Veterans' organization
Purpose Social, literary, historical, benevolent
Publication The Confederate Veteran
Affiliations United Daughters of the Confederacy

The United Confederate Veterans was an association formed in New Orleans, Louisiana on June 10, 1889 by veterans of the Confederate States Army and Navy.[1][2]

History

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See also: List of Past Commanders-in-Chief of the United Confederate Veterans

Background

There had been numerous local veterans associations in the South, and many of these became part of the U.C.V. The organization grew rapidly throughout the 1890s culminating with 1,555 camps represented at the 1898 reunion. The next few years marked the zenith of U.C.V. membership, lasting until 1903 or 1904, when veterans were starting to die off and the organization went into a gradual decline.[3]

Purpose

The U.C.V. felt it had to outline its purposes and structure in a written constitution, based on military lines. Members holding appropriate U.C.V. "ranks" officered and staffed echelons of command from General Headquarters at the top to local camps (companies) at the bottom. Their declared purpose was emphatically nonmilitary - to foster "social, literary, historical, and benevolent" ends.[4]

Reunions

Confederate veterans reunion
Commemorative postage stamp[5]

The national organization assembled annually in a general convention and social reunion, presided over by the Commander-in-Chief. These annual reunions served the U.C.V. as an aid in achieving its goals. Convention cities made elaborate preparations and tried to put on bigger events than the previous hosts. The gatherings continued to be held long after the membership peak had passed and despite fewer veterans surviving, they gradually grew in attendance, length and splendor. Numerous veterans brought family and friends along too, further swelling the crowds. Many Southerners considered the occasions major social occasions. Perhaps thirty thousand veterans and another fifty thousand visitors attended each of the mid and late 1890 reunions, and the numbers increased. In 1911 an estimated crowd of 106,000 members and guests crammed into Little Rock, Arkansas—a city of less than one-half that size. Then the passing years began taking a telling toll and the reunions grew smaller. But still the meetings continued until finally in 1950 at the sixtieth reunion only one member could attend, 98-year-old Commander-in-Chief James Moore of Selma, Alabama.[6]

The Confederate Veteran

In addition to national meetings, another prominent factor contributed to the growth and popularity of the U.C.V. This was a monthly magazine which became the official U.C.V. organ, the Confederate Veteran. Founded as an independent publishing venture in January 1893, by Sumner Archibald Cunningham, the U.C.V. adopted it the following year. Cunningham personally edited the magazine for twenty-one years and bequeathed almost his entire estate to insure its continuance. The magazine was of a very high quality and circulation was wide. Many veterans penned recollections or articles for publication in its pages. Readership always greatly exceeded circulation because numerous camps and soldiers' homes received one or two copies for their numerous occupants. An average of 6500 copies were printed per issue during the first year of publication, for example, but Cunningham estimated that fifty thousand people read the twelfth issue.[7]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Minutes U.C.V., I, Constitutional Convention Proceedings, pp. 3–8.
  2. ↑ Hattaway, 1971, p. 214.
  3. ↑ Hattaway, 1971, p. 214.
  4. ↑ Hattaway, 1971, p. 215.
  5. ↑ National Postal Museum
  6. ↑ Hattaway, 1971, p. 215.
  7. ↑ Hattaway, 1971, pp. 215–16.

References

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Further reading

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External links

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