Spectral efficiency of common communication systems. |
Service |
Standard |
Launched
year |
Max. net bitrate R
per carrier
per one spatial stream
(Mbit/s) |
Bandwidth B
per carrier
(MHz) |
Max. link spectral efficiency R/B
((bit/s)/Hz) |
Typical reuse factor 1/K |
System spectral efficiency (R/B)/K
((bit/s)/Hz per site) |
SISO |
MIMO |
1G cellular |
NMT 450 modem |
1981 |
0.0012 |
0.025 |
0.45 |
N/A |
0.142857 1⁄7 |
0.064 |
1G cellular |
AMPS modem |
1983 |
0.0003[1] |
0.030 |
0.001 |
N/A |
0.142857 1⁄7[2] |
0.0015 |
2G cellular |
GSM |
1991 |
0.104 0.013 × 8 timeslots = 0.104 |
0.200 0.2 |
0.52 |
N/A |
0.1111111 1⁄9 (1⁄3[3] in 1999) |
0.17000 0.17[3] (in 1999) |
2G cellular |
D-AMPS |
1991 |
0.039 0.013 × 3 timeslots = 0.039 |
0.030 |
1.3 |
N/A |
0.1111111 1⁄9 (1⁄3[3] in 1999) |
0.45 0.45[3] (in 1999) |
2.75G cellular |
CDMA2000 1× voice |
2000 |
0.0096 0.0096 per phone call × 22 calls |
1.2288 |
0.0078 per call |
N/A |
1 |
0.172 (fully loaded) |
2.75G cellular |
GSM + EDGE |
2003 |
0.384 (typ. 0.20) |
0.2 |
1.92 (typ. 1.00) |
N/A |
0.33333 1⁄3 |
0.33[3] |
2.75G cellular |
IS-136HS + EDGE |
|
0.384 (typ. 0.27) |
0.200 |
1.92 (typ. 1.35) |
N/A |
0.33333 1⁄3 |
0.45[3] |
3G cellular |
WCDMA FDD |
2001 |
0.384 |
5 |
0.077 |
N/A |
1 |
0.51 |
3G cellular |
CDMA2000 1x PD |
2002 |
0.153 |
1.2288 |
0.125 |
N/A |
1 |
0.1720 (fully loaded) |
3G cellular |
CDMA2000 1×EV-DO Rev.A |
2002 |
3.072 |
1.2288 |
2.5 |
N/A |
1 |
1.3 |
Fixed WiMAX |
IEEE 802.16d |
2004 |
96 |
20 |
4.8 |
|
0.25 1⁄4 |
1.2 |
3.5G cellular |
HSDPA |
2007 |
21.1 |
5 |
4.22 |
|
1 |
4.22 |
4G MBWA |
iBurst HC-SDMA |
2005 |
3.9 |
0.625 |
7.23 [4] |
|
1 |
7.23 |
4G cellular |
LTE |
2009 |
81.6 |
20 |
4.08 |
16.32 (4x4) [5] |
1 |
16.32 |
4G cellular |
LTE-Advanced |
2013[6] |
75 |
20 |
3.75 |
30.00 (8x8) [5] |
1 |
30 |
Wi-Fi |
IEEE 802.11a/g |
2003 |
54 |
20 |
2.7 |
|
0.33333 1⁄3 |
0.900 |
Wi-Fi |
IEEE 802.11n |
2007 |
72.2 (short GI) |
20 |
3.61 |
|
0.33333 1⁄3 |
1.2 |
Wi-Fi |
IEEE 802.11ac |
2012 |
433.3 (short GI) |
80 |
5.42 |
|
|
|
WiGig |
IEEE 802.11ad |
2013 |
6756 |
2160 |
3 |
|
0.33333 1⁄3 |
1 |
TETRA |
ETSI |
1998 |
0.036 4 timeslots = 0.036 |
0.025 |
1.44 |
N/A |
|
|
Digital radio |
DAB |
1995 |
0.576 to 1.152 |
1.712 |
0.34 to 0.67 |
N/A |
0.200 1⁄5 |
0.08 to 0.17 |
Digital radio |
DAB with SFN |
1995 |
0.576 to 1.152 |
1.712 |
0.34 to 0.67 |
N/A |
1 |
0.34 to 0.67 |
Digital TV |
DVB-T |
1997 |
31.67 (typ. 22.0) |
8 |
4.0 (typ. 2.8) |
N/A |
0.200 1⁄5 |
0.55 |
Digital TV |
DVB-T with SFN |
1996 |
31.67 (typ. 22.0) |
8 |
4.0 (typ. 2.8) |
N/A |
1 |
4.0 (typ. 2.8) |
Digital TV |
DVB-H |
2007 |
5.5 to 11 |
8 |
0.68 to 1.4 |
N/A |
0.200 1⁄5 |
0.14 to 0.28 |
Digital TV |
DVB-H with SFN |
2007 |
5.5 to 11 |
8 |
0.68 to 1.4 |
N/A |
1 |
0.68 to 1.4 |
Digital cable TV |
DVB-C 256-QAM mode |
|
38 |
6 |
6.33 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Broadband modem |
ADSL2 downlink |
|
12 |
0.962 |
12.47 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Broadband modem |
ADSL2+ downlink |
|
28 |
2.109 |
13.59 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Telephone modem |
V.92 downlink |
1999 |
0.056 |
0.004 |
14.0 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
N/A means not applicable.
References
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- ↑ C. T. Bhunia, Information Technology Network And Internet, New Age International, 2006, page 26.
- ↑ Lal Chand Godara, "Handbook of antennas in wireless communications", CRC Press, 2002, ISBN 0849301246, ISBN 9780849301247
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Anders Furuskär, Jonas Näslund and Håkan Olofsson (1999), "Edge—Enhanced data rates for GSM and TDMA/136 evolution", Ericsson Review no. 1
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/editorial.jspx?cc=IN&lc=eng&ckey=1905163&id=1905163
- ↑ http://www.extremetech.com/tag/lte-advanced