Summerhill, Atlanta
Summerhill is a neighborhood directly south of Downtown Atlanta between the Atlanta Zoo and Turner Field. It is bordered by the neighborhoods of Grant Park, Mechanicsville, and Peoplestown. Summerhill is one of 26 Atlanta neighborhoods making up the Atlanta Neighborhood Planning Unit system. It is part of Atlanta's NPU-V.
History
One of two settlements established after the Civil War by William Jennings in 1865, Summerhill’s early inhabitants were freed slaves and Jewish immigrants. Wood’s Chapel and Clarke’s Chapel began offering worship services in 1866 within close proximity of each other. Wood’s Chapel subsequently became Allen Temple AME. Clarke’s Chapel’s congregation was mixed and sought to also promote education which it accomplished by holding the first classes of Clark College and Gammon Theological Seminary in its basement. Clarke’s Chapel was ultimately renamed the Lloyd Street Church.
In 1867 Frederick Ayer founded his school at Richardson and Martin Streets. The Atlanta Board of Education bought it three years later, making it the only public school for Black children in the City. The school was eventually renamed the E. P. Johnson Elementary School.
In 1966 there was a four day riot in Summerhill which the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and its leader Stokely Carmichael were accused of inciting following an alleged incident of police brutality. The riots resulted in one death and twenty injuries, and revealed the frustrations still present in lower-income black communities despite two decades of growing black political influence.[1][2] Mayor Ivan Allen, Jr. went to the area during the riot, pleaded with rioters, and worked with police and local black leaders to restore order in the area.[3]
During the 1996 Summer Olympic Games, Summerhill was the site of the opening and closing ceremonies and track and field events at the Centennial Olympic Stadium. After the Olympics, the stadium was converted to Turner Field where the Atlanta Braves currently play. The previous Braves stadium, Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium located next door, was their home when the team first moved to Atlanta in 1966 until its demolition in 1997.
Since 1996, the neighborhood has been the site of rapid development. It is profiled as a case in urban development in Alexander von Hoffman's House by House, Block by Block: The Rebirth of America's Urban Neighborhoods. Summerhill is now viewed as one of the most up and coming areas in downtown Atlanta. Home values have continued to rise and more and more upper-middle-class families are calling Summerhill home.[citation needed]
Famous people
Summerhill was one of Atlanta's most prosperous African American and Jewish communities, and was home to several of Atlanta’s influential civic and business leaders. Sam Massell, Herman Russell S. W. Walker and Leon Eplan are a few whose life began in Summerhill. Leo Frank lived there. Boxer Evander Holyfield grew up in Summerhill. Today, Summerhill is home to such artists such as Young Dro and Ciara.
References
External links
Neighborhood Association
- Summerhill Neighborhood Development Corporation
- Organized Neighbors of Summerhill
- (Atlanta, Ga.) Photos of Summerhill riot (1966), Atlanta History Center
Maps
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