Spaceflight before 1951
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
| 230px
Launch of a V-2 from Peenemünde.
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| National firsts | |
|---|---|
| Spaceflight |  Germany (1944) United States (1946) Soviet Union (1948) |
This is a list of known spaceflights launched before 1951.
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Launches
| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Launch site | LSP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload | Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | |
| Remarks | ||||||
1944 |
||||||
| 20 June | V-2 |
Peenemünde |
Wehrmacht |
|||
| Wehrmacht | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 June | Successful | ||
| First man-made object to cross what would later be defined as the Kármán line and hence first spaceflight. Vertical test, apogee: 174.6 kilometres (108.5 mi) |
||||||
| June | V-2 |
Peenemünde |
Wehrmacht |
|||
| Wehrmacht | Suborbital | Missile test | Launch failure | |||
| Vertical test, guidance system malfunction | ||||||
| June | V-2 |
Peenemünde |
Wehrmacht |
|||
| Wehrmacht | Suborbital | Missile test | Successful | |||
| Vertical test, apogee: 189 kilometres (117 mi) | ||||||
| 14 September | V-2 |
Peenemünde |
Wehrmacht |
|||
| Wehrmacht | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 September | Successful | ||
| First spaceflight with recorded date, vertical test, apogee: 175 kilometres (109 mi) | ||||||
| 7 December 17:00 |
V-2 |
Peenemünde |
Wehrmacht |
|||
| Ma-333 |
Wehrmacht | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 December | Successful | |
| Vertical test, apogee: 104 kilometres (65 mi) | ||||||
| 9 December 17:10 |
V-2 |
Peenemünde |
Wehrmacht |
|||
| Wehrmacht | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 December | Successful | ||
| Vertical test, apogee: 106 kilometres (66 mi) | ||||||
1946 |
||||||
| 16 April 21:47 |
 V-2 |
White Sands - Launch Complex 33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| WSPG[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation (Applied Physics Laboratory)[2] | 16 April | Guidance failure[1] | ||
| First launch of Project Hermes, apogee: 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) | ||||||
| 10 May 21:15 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| WSPG[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation (APL),[2] Chemical Release?*[3] | 10 May | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 112 kilometres (70 mi), First US spaceflight | ||||||
| 29 May 21:12 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| G.E.[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation (APL),[2] Chemical Release?*[3] | 29 May | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 112 kilometres (70 mi) | ||||||
| 13 June 23:40 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| G.E.[1] | Suborbital | Solar Radiation, Ionosphere (Naval Radiation Laboratory)[2] | 13 June | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 117 kilometres (73 mi) | ||||||
| 28 June 19:25 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Naval Radiation Laboratory[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation, Solar Radiation, Pressure, Temperature. Ionosphere[4] | 28 June | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 108 kilometres (67 mi) | ||||||
| 9 July 19:25 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| G.E.[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation, Ionosphere (Naval Radiation Laboratory), Biological (Harvard University)[5] | 9 July | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 134 kilometres (83 mi) | ||||||
| 19 July 19:11 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| G.E.[1] | Suborbital | Ionospheric (NRL)[2] | 19 July | Explosion at 28.5 seconds[1] | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) | ||||||
| 30 July 19:36 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Applied Physics Laboratory[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation, Ionosphere (NRL)[6] | 30 July | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 167 kilometres (104 mi) | ||||||
| 15 August 18:00 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Princeton University[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation, Ionosphere[7] | 15 August | Guidance Failure at 13.9 seconds[1] | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) | ||||||
| 22 August 17:15 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| University of Michigan,[1] ARDC?[8] | Suborbital | Pressure, Density, Ionosphere Aeronomy, Sky Brightness[2] | 22 August | Guidance Failure immediately after lift[1] | ||
| Project Hermes launch | ||||||
| 10 October 18:02 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| NRL[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Ray, Ionosphere, Pressure-Temperature, Solar Spectroscopy, Ejection of Cosmic Ray Recording Camera[9] Selected seeds (Harvard), Cross jet attenuation transmitter & receiver[10] | 10 October | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 164 kilometres (102 mi) | ||||||
| 24 October 19:15 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| APL[1] | Cosmic & Solar radiation, winds, photography,[2] | 24 October | Successful, Short burning time (59 sec)[11] | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 105 kilometres (65 mi), First photo of Earth from space | ||||||
| 7 November 20:31 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Princeton University[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation,[2] | 7 November | Guidance Failure at 2 seconds, missile turned sideways, flew horizontal and was destroyed[12] | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 0.39 kilometres (0.24 mi) | ||||||
| 21 November 16:55 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./US Army |
|||
| Watson Laboratories, University of Michigan,[13] ARDC?[8] | Suborbital | Pressure, Temperature, Ionosphere, Sky Brightness,Voltage breakdown[14] | 21 November | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 102 kilometres (63 mi) | ||||||
| 5 December 20:08 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| NRL [1] | Suborbital | Cosmic & Solar Radiation, Pressure, Temperature, Photography[2] | 5 December | Successful, Guidance Problems | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 167 kilometres (104 mi) | ||||||
| 18 December 05:12 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| GRENADES |
APL[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation, Meteor research, Biological (National Institute of Health),[2] Chemical release*[3] | 18 December | Successful, extraordinary range due to guidance failure[15] | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 187 kilometres (116 mi) | ||||||
1947 |
||||||
| 10 January 21:13 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| NRL[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation,[2] "Daughter Canister Release (Air Material Command)[16] | 10 January | Successful, Roll at 40 seconds[1] | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 116 kilometres (72 mi) | ||||||
| 24 January 00:22 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
|
G.E.[1] | Suborbital | Test Guidance System,[1] Hermes A-2 Telemetry System Test[17] | 24 January | Successful | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 49.88 kilometres (30.99 mi). | ||||||
| 20 February 18:16 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Blossom I |
Air Materiel Command[1] | Suborbital | Pressure-temperature (University of Michigan), Ionosphere (Air Force Cambridge Research Center, UoM), Sky brightness, Voltage Breakdown measurements (AFCRC), Biological rye, cotton seeds and fruit flies, first animals in space,[18] Blossom parachute recovery of canister (Cambridge Field Station)[19] | 20 February | Successful, Guidance disturbance at 27 sec, Roll at 37.5 sec[1] | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 109 kilometres (68 mi). | ||||||
| 7 March 18:23 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| NRL[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation, Pressure-temperature, Solar Radiation, Ionosphere (NRL), Biological rye, cotton seeds and fruit flies (Harvard)[20] | 7 March | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 161 kilometres (100 mi). | ||||||
| 1 April 20:10 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| APL[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation, Solar Radiation (APL & Yerkes Observatory), High altitude photography (Gun Sight Aiming Point camera)[21] | 1 April | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 129 kilometres (80 mi) | ||||||
| 9 April 00:10 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| APL[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation, Solar Radiation, High altitude photography.[22] | 9 April | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 103 kilometres (64 mi) | ||||||
| 17 April 23:22 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| GRENADES |
G.E.[1] | Suborbital | Pressure-Temperature: 9 Grenades (Signal Corps Engineering Laboratories)[23] | 17 April | Successful, Roll at 57.5 seconds[1] | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | ||||||
| 15 May 23:08 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| NRL[1] | Suborbital | Density-pressure-temperature grenades (SCEL), (Michigan University), Composition, Cosmic Radiation, Solar Radiation (NRL)[24] | 15 May | Successful, Steering trouble from lift[1] | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 122 kilometres (76 mi) | ||||||
| 29 May[25] | Hermes B-1 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Hermes II |
G.E. | Suborbital | Missile test of ramjet diffusers called "Organ."[26] | 29 May | Missile went South instead of North, landed in Mexico[27] | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 50 kilometres (31 mi), maiden flight of Hermes II, aka Hermes B-1 | ||||||
| 10 July 19:18 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| NRL[1] | Suborbital | Density-pressure-temperature, Cosmic Radiation, Ionosphere, Simulant agent experiment - Camp Detrick, Indiana, seed containers in control chamber (Harvard College Observatory)[28] | 10 July | Launch failure, Steering trouble from lift[1] | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) | ||||||
| 29 July 12:55 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| APL[1] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation, Solar Radiation, High altitude photography (APL)[29] | 29 July | Successful, Vane #4 ceased to operate at 27 sec[1] | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 159 kilometres (99 mi) | ||||||
| 6 September | V-2 |
USS Midway, AO-10 |
US Navy |
|||
| US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 September | Launch failure | ||
| Operation Sandy, first shipboard missile launch, apogee: 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) | ||||||
| 9 October 19:15 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| G.E.[1] | Suborbital | Density-pressure-temperature, Skin temperature, Composition (University of Michigan), Solar radiation (NRL)[30] | 9 October | Successful, Steering disturbance at 48.4 sec. Roll at 52 sec.[1] | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 156 kilometres (97 mi) | ||||||
| 20 November 23:47 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| G.E.[1] | Suborbital | Technology development flight for GE.[31] | 20 November | Launch failure, Propulsion trouble at 36 sec.[1] | ||
| Apogee: 21 kilometres (13 mi) | ||||||
| 24 November 17:20 |
Aerobee RTV-N-8 |
White Sands LC-35 |
US Navy |
|||
| Applied Physics Laboratory[32] | Suborbital | Cosmic Radiation[33] | 24 November | Launch failure, off course, flight terminated.[34] | ||
| Apogee: 56 kilometres (35 mi) | ||||||
| 8 December 21:42 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Blossom II |
AMC[1] | Suborbital | Density-pressure-temperature (Michigan University), Skin temperature (Boston University), Solar soft X-rays,Vertical incidence ionosphere propagation, Oblique incidence ionosphere propagation, Aspect project (cameras to be lowered by parachute) (Wright Air Development Center), Sky brightness (AFCRC)[35] | 8 December | Successful | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 105 kilometres (65 mi) | ||||||
1948 |
||||||
| 22 January 20:12 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| NRL | Suborbital | 22 January | Successful | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 159 kilometres (99 mi) | ||||||
| 6 February 17:17 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| G.E. | Suborbital | 6 February | Successful | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 113 kilometres (70 mi) | ||||||
| 5 March 22:51 |
Aerobee RTV-N-8 |
White Sands LC-35 |
US Navy |
|||
| APL | Suborbital | Chemical release | 5 March | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 118 kilometres (73 mi) | ||||||
| 19 March 23:10 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Blossom IIA |
G.E. | Suborbital | 19 March | Launch failure | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) | ||||||
| 2 April 13:47 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| US Army Signal Corps | Suborbital | 2 April | Successful | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 144 kilometres (89 mi) | ||||||
| 13 April 21:41 |
Aerobee RTV-N-8 |
White Sands LC-35 |
US Navy |
|||
| APL | Suborbital | 13 April | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 114 kilometres (71 mi) | ||||||
| 19 April 19:54 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| NRL | Suborbital | 19 April | Guidance Failure | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 56 kilometres (35 mi) | ||||||
| 13 May 13:43 |
Bumper |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Bumper 1 |
G.E. | Suborbital | 13 May | Successful | ||
| Maiden flight of Bumper, apogee: 113 kilometres (70 mi) | ||||||
| 27 May 14:15 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| APL | Suborbital | 27 May | Successful | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi) | ||||||
| 11 June 10:22 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| AMC | Suborbital | 11 June | Launch Failure, Premature Valve Closure | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 63 kilometres (39 mi) | ||||||
| 26 July 16:47 |
Aerobee RTV-N-8 |
White Sands LC-35 |
US Navy |
|||
| APL | Suborbital | 26 July | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 113 kilometres (70 mi) | ||||||
| 26 July 18:03 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| APL | Suborbital | 26 July | Successful, Propulsion issues at 45.2s | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 97 kilometres (60 mi) | ||||||
| 5 August 12:07 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| NRL | Suborbital | UV Astronomy Solar X-ray |
5 August | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 167 kilometres (104 mi) | ||||||
| 19 August 14:45 |
Bumper |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Bumper 2 |
G.E. | Suborbital | 19 August | Launch failure | ||
| Apogee: 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) | ||||||
| 3 September 01:00 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| GRENADES |
USASC | Suborbital | 3 September | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 151 kilometres (94 mi) | ||||||
| 17 September | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 17 September | Launch failure | ||
| Maiden flight of R-1 | ||||||
| 30 September 15:30 |
Bumper |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Bumper 3 |
G.E. | Suborbital | 30 September | 2nd Stage Failure | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | ||||||
| 10 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi), first Soviet spaceflight | ||||||
| 13 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 21 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 21 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 23 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 23 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 1 November 14:24 |
Bumper |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Bumper 4 |
G.E. | Suborbital | 1 November | Tail explosion at 28.5s | ||
| Apogee: 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) | ||||||
| 1 November | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 November | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 3 November | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 3 November | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 4 November | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 4 November | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 5 November | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 5 November | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 18 November 22:35 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| G.E. | Suborbital | Ramjet research | 18 November | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 145 kilometres (90 mi) | ||||||
| 9 December 16:08 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| USASC | Suborbital | 9 December | Successful | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 108 kilometres (67 mi) | ||||||
1949 |
||||||
| 14 January 20:26 |
Hermes B-1 |
White Sands LC-33 |
US Army |
|||
| Hermes II |
US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 January | Launch failure | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) | ||||||
| 28 January 17:20 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| NRL | Suborbital | 28 January | Launch failure | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 60 kilometres (37 mi) | ||||||
| 17 February 17:00 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| APL | Suborbital | 17 February | Successful | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 127 kilometres (79 mi) | ||||||
| 24 February 22:14 |
Bumper |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Bumper 5 |
G.E. | Suborbital | 24 February | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 393 kilometres (244 mi) | ||||||
| 17 March 23:20 |
Aerobee RTV-N-8 |
USS Norton Sound, PO-22 LP-1 |
US Navy |
|||
| APL | Suborbital | Ionospheric | 17 March | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 105 kilometres (65 mi) | ||||||
| 22 March 06:43 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Blossom IVA |
AMC | Suborbital | 22 March | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 129 kilometres (80 mi) | ||||||
| 22 March 17:20 |
Aerobee RTV-N-8 |
USS Norton Sound, PO-22 LP-1 |
US Navy |
|||
| APL | Suborbital | Ionospheric | 22 March | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 105 kilometres (65 mi) | ||||||
| 24 March 15:14 |
Aerobee RTV-N-8 |
USS Norton Sound, PO-22 LP-1 |
US Navy |
|||
| APL | Suborbital | Ionospheric | 24 March | Launch failure | ||
| Apogee: 5 kilometres (3.1 mi), pressure valve malfunction, booster separated on ignition | ||||||
| 11 April 22:05 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| USASC | Suborbital | 11 April | Successful, Thrust issues starting at 43.4s | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 85 kilometres (53 mi) | ||||||
| 22 April 00:17 |
Bumper |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Bumper 6 |
G.E. | Suborbital | 22 April | Launch failure | ||
| Apogee: 50 kilometres (31 mi) | ||||||
| 5 May 15:15 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| G.E. | Suborbital | 5 May | Launch failure | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) | ||||||
| 7 May 03:12 |
R-1A |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 May | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi), maiden flight of R-1A | ||||||
| 10 May 15:57 |
R-1A |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 May | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 15 May 02:48 |
R-1A |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 May | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 16 May 21:55 |
R-1A |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 May | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 24 May 01:40 |
 R-1A |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| FIAR-1 |
OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 24 May | Successful | |
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 28 May 01:50 |
R-1A |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 May | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 14 June 22:35 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Blossom IVB |
AMC | Suborbital | Biological Atmospheric |
14 June | Successful | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 134 kilometres (83 mi), carried Albert II, first monkey in space[18][36] | ||||||
| 15 June 02:03 |
Aerobee RTV-N-8 |
White Sands LC-35 |
US Navy |
|||
| NRL | Suborbital | Ozone research | 15 June | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 109 kilometres (68 mi) | ||||||
| 6 September 16:57 |
Viking |
White Sands ALA-1 |
US Navy |
|||
| Viking 2 |
NRL | Suborbital | Aeronomy Imaging |
6 September | Launch failure | |
| Apogee: 57 kilometres (35 mi) | ||||||
| 10 September | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 11 September | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 11 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 13 September | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 14 September | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 16 September 23:19 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| Blossom IVC |
AMC | Suborbital | Biological | 16 September | Launch Failure, Tail explosion at 10.7s | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 5 kilometres (3.1 mi), carried Albert III | ||||||
| 17 September | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 17 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 19 September | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 20 September | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 23 September | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 23 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 25 September 11:16 |
R-2E |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 25 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi), maiden flight of R-2E | ||||||
| 28 September | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 29 September 16:58 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./U.S. Army |
|||
| NRL | Suborbital | 29 September | Successful | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 151 kilometres (94 mi) | ||||||
| 30 September 11:49 |
R-2E |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 30 September | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 2 October 11:00 |
R-2E |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 2 October | Launch failure | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 3 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 3 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 6 October | Hermes B-1 |
White Sands LC-33 |
US Army |
|||
| Hermes II |
US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 October | Launch failure | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) | ||||||
| 8 October 06:05 |
R-2E |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 8 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 10 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 11 October 12:45 |
R-2E |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 11 October | Launch failure | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 12 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 12 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 13 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 13 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 15 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 18 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 18 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 19 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 22 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 22 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 23 October | R-1 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 23 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 18 November 16:03 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./US Army |
|||
| GRENADES |
USASC | Suborbital | 18 November | Successful | ||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 124 kilometres (77 mi) | ||||||
| 6 December | Aerobee XASR-SC-1 |
White Sands LC-35 |
US Army |
|||
| US Army | Suborbital | Air sampling aironomy mission | 6 December | Launch failure | ||
| Doesn't reach Karman line; Apogee: 64.9 kilometres (40.3 mi) | ||||||
| 8 December 19:15 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./US Army |
|||
| Blossom IVD |
AMC | Suborbital | Biological | 8 December | Successful | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 127 kilometres (79 mi), carried Albert IV | ||||||
1950 |
||||||
| 9 February 21:44 |
Viking |
White Sands ALA-1 |
US Navy |
|||
| Viking 3 |
NRL | Suborbital | Solar Imaging |
9 February | Launch failure | |
| Veered off-course, failed to reach space, apogee: 80.5 kilometres (50.0 mi) | ||||||
| 17 February 18:00 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./US Army |
|||
| NRL | Suborbital | 17 February | Successful | |||
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 148 kilometres (92 mi) | ||||||
| 26 April 01:11 |
Aerobee XASR-SC-2 |
White Sands LC-35 |
US Navy |
|||
| US Army | Suborbital | Atmospheric | 26 April | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | ||||||
| 12 May 03:08 |
Viking |
USS Norton Sound, PO-8 |
US Navy |
|||
| Viking 4 |
US Navy | Suborbital | Ionospheric Aeronomy |
12 May | Successful | |
| Apogee: 171 kilometres (106 mi) | ||||||
| 17 August 15:45 |
Aerobee RTV-N-10 |
White Sands LC-35 |
US Navy |
|||
| APL | Suborbital | Spectrometry | 17 August | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 101 kilometres (63 mi) | ||||||
| 31 August 17:09 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./US Army |
|||
| Blossom IVG |
AMC | Suborbital | Biological | 31 August | Successful | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 137 kilometres (85 mi), carried a mouse | ||||||
| 21 October | R-2 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 21 October | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi), maiden flight of R-2 | ||||||
| 26 October 23:02 |
V-2 |
White Sands LC-33 |
G.E./US Army |
|||
| Ballistic Research Laboratory | Suborbital | 26 October | Launch Failure | |||
| Project Hermes launch | ||||||
| 1 November | R-2 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 November | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | ||||||
| 1 November | R-2 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 November | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | ||||||
| 1 November | R-2 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 November | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | ||||||
| 1 November | R-2 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 November | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | ||||||
| 1 November | R-2 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 November | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | ||||||
| 9 November | Hermes B-1 |
White Sands LC-33 |
US Army |
|||
| Hermes II |
US Army | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 November | Partial Success[37] | |
| Project Hermes launch, apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | ||||||
| 21 November 17:18 |
Viking |
White Sands ALA-1 |
US Navy |
|||
| Viking 5 |
NRL | Suborbital | Solar Ionospheric |
21 November | Successful | |
| Apogee: 174 kilometres (108 mi) | ||||||
| 1 December | R-2 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 December | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | ||||||
| 1 December | R-2 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 December | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | ||||||
| 1 December | R-2 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 December | Successful | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | ||||||
| 12 December 07:04 |
Viking |
White Sands ALA-1 |
US Navy |
|||
| Viking 6 |
US Navy | Suborbital | 12 December | Launch failure | ||
| Apogee: 64 kilometres (40 mi) | ||||||
| 12 December 18:26 |
Aerobee RTV-A-1 |
Holloman LC-A |
ARDC |
|||
| ARDC | Suborbital | 12 December | Successful | |||
| Apogee: 106 kilometres (66 mi) | ||||||
| 20 December | R-2 |
Kapustin Yar |
OKB-1 |
|||
| OKB-1 | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 December | Launch failure | ||
| Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi) | ||||||
References
|
Generic references:
|
Footnotes
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.38 1.39 1.40 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 I have found no evidence that a chemical release experiment was flown. Chemical release is usually done to conduct aeronomy or wind studies.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Kennedy list the Agency for this flight as ARDC while White does not as the Air Research and Development Command did not exist until 1950 kennedy may have confused ARDC with the AAF Technical Service Command, the Air Technical Service Command, or the Air Materiel Command.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Newell & Siry, Neufeld, and Kennedy agree that the launch was on 29 May.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
See also
| Timeline of spaceflight | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1940s | 1944 | 1945 | 1946 | 1947 | 1948 | 1949 | ||||
| 1950s | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 | 1957 | 1958 | 1959 |
| 1960s | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1967 | 1968 | 1969 |
| 1970s | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1973 | 1974 | 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 |
| 1980s | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 |
| 1990s | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 |
| 2000s | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 |
| 2010s | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
