Silver sulfate

Silver sulfate

Sample of silver sulfate
Names
IUPAC name Silver sulfate
Other names Sulfuric acid, disilver(1+) salt
Identifiers
CAS Number	10294-26-5 Y
ChemSpider	140554 N
EC Number	233-653-7
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image
PubChem	159865
UNII	8QG6HV4ZPO Y
UN number	3077
InChI InChI=1S/2Ag.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2 Y Key: YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Y InChI=1/2Ag.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2 Key: YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-NUQVWONBAA
SMILES [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	Ag2O4S
Molar mass	311.79 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless crystals
Odor	Odorless
Density	5.45 g/cm3 (25 °C) 4.84 g/cm3 (660 °C)
Melting point	652.2–660 °C (1,206.0–1,220.0 °F; 925.4–933.1 K)
Boiling point	1,085 °C (1,985 °F; 1,358 K)
Solubility in water	0.57 g/100 mL (0 °C) 0.69 g/100 mL (10 °C) 0.83 g/100 mL (25 °C) 0.96 g/100 mL (40 °C) 1.33 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility product (Ksp)	1.2·10−5
Solubility	Dissolves in aq. acids, alcohols, acetone, ether, acetates, amides Insoluble in ethanol
Solubility in sulfuric acid	8.4498 g/L (0.1 molH2SO4/LH2O) 25.44 g/100 g (13 °C) 31.56 g/100 g (24.5 °C) 127.01 g/100 g (96 °C)
Solubility in ethanol	7.109 g/L (0.5 nEtOH/H2O)
Solubility in acetic acid	7.857 g/L (0.5 nAcOH/H2O)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−9.29·10−5 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	nα = 1.756 nβ = 1.775 nγ = 1.782
Structure
Crystal structure	Orthorhombic, oF56
Space group	Fddd, No. 70
Point group	2/m 2/m 2/m
Lattice constant	a = 10.2699(5) Å, b = 12.7069(7) Å, c = 5.8181(3) Å α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Thermochemistry
Specific heat capacity (C)	131.4 J/mol·K
Std molar entropy (So298)	200.4 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfHo298)	−715.9 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚)	−618.4 J/mol·K
Vapor pressure	{{{value}}}
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Silver sulfate (Ag₂SO₄) is an ionic compound of silver used in silver plating and as a non-staining substitute to silver nitrate. This sulfate is stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage, though it darkens upon exposure to air or light. It is minimally soluble in water.

Preparation

Silver sulfate is prepared by adding sulfuric acid to a solution of silver nitrate:

2 Ag⁺_(aq) + SO₄²⁻_(aq) → Ag₂SO_4(s)

The precipitate is then washed with hot water and preparation is under ruby red illumination.

Silver(II) sulfate

The synthesis of silver(II) sulfate (AgSO₄) with a divalent silver ion instead of a monovalent silver ion was first reported in 2010 by adding sulfuric acid to silver(II) fluoride (HF escapes). It is a black solid that decomposes exothermally at 120 °C with evolution of oxygen and the formation of the pyrosulfate.

References

Salts and the ester of the sulfate ion
H2SO4																	He
Li2SO4	BeSO4											B	(RO)2SO3	(NH4)2SO4 N2H6SO4 (NH3OH)2SO4	O	F	Ne
Na2SO4 NaHSO4	MgSO4											Al2(SO4)3	Si	P	SO42−	Cl	Ar
K2SO4 KHSO4	CaSO4	Sc2(SO4)3	Ti(SO4)2 TiOSO4	V2(SO4)3 VOSO4	CrSO4 Cr2(SO4)3	MnSO4	FeSO4 Fe2(SO4)3	CoSO4, Co2(SO4)3	NiSO4	CuSO4	ZnSO4	Ga2(SO4)3	Ge	As	Se	Br	Kr
Rb2SO4	SrSO4	Y2(SO4)3	Zr(SO4)2	Nb	Mo	Tc	Ru	Rh	PdSO4	Ag2SO4	CdSO4	In2(SO4)3	SnSO4	Sb2(SO4)3	Te	I	Xe
Cs2SO4	BaSO4		Hf	Ta	W	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	Au	Hg2SO4, HgSO4	Tl2SO4	PbSO4	Bi2(SO4)3	Po	At	Rn
Fr	Ra		Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Cn	Uut	Fl	Uup	Lv	Uus	Uuo
		↓
		La	Ce2(SO4)3 Ce(SO4)2	Pr2(SO4)3	Nd	Pm	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb2(SO4)3	Lu
		Ac	Th	Pa	U(SO4)2 UO2SO4	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	Es	Fm	Md	No	Lr