Raleigh–Durham International Airport

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Jump to: navigation, search

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

"Durham Airport" redirects here. For the UK airport, see Durham Tees Valley Airport.
Raleigh–Durham
International Airport
Raleigh–Durham International Airport Logo.jpg
Raleigh Durham International airport satellite view.png
IATA: RDU – ICAO: KRDU – FAA LID: RDU
Summary
Airport type Public
Owner/Operator Raleigh–Durham Airport Authority
Serves The Research Triangle Metropolitan Region of North Carolina
Location Cedar Fork Township, Wake County, North Carolina
Elevation AMSL 435 ft / 133 m
Coordinates Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Website rdu.com
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
5L/23R 10,000 3,048 Concrete
5R/23L 7,500 2,286 Asphalt
14/32 3,570 1,088 Asphalt
Statistics (2014)
Aircraft movements 183,557
Passenger movements 9,545,360
Sources: RDU website[1]
RDU is located in North Carolina
RDU
RDU
Location in North Carolina

Raleigh–Durham International Airport (IATA: RDU, ICAO: KRDU, FAA LID: RDU) is the main airport serving Raleigh, Durham and the surrounding Research Triangle region of North Carolina. It is located 4.5 miles (7 km) northeast of the town of Morrisville in Wake County. The airport covers 4,929 acres (1,995 ha) and has three runways and direct flights to 38[2] domestic and international cities on 352 daily flights.[3] In 2011 more than 9 million passengers traveled through the airport.[4] The RDU Airport Authority is in charge of the airport facilities and its operations. The Airport Authority is controlled by a board of representatives from the counties of Wake and Durham and the cities of Raleigh and Durham.

History

Early Days

File:RDU hist.jpg
Early photo of Raleigh–Durham Airport

The region's first airport opened in 1929 as Raleigh's Municipal Airport, south of town at Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.. It was quickly outgrown, and in 1939 the North Carolina General Assembly chartered the Raleigh–Durham Aeronautical Authority to build and operate a larger airport between Raleigh and Durham. This was promoted by Eastern Air Lines, led by then chairman Eddie Rickenbacker who wanted to make RDU a stop on the airline's New York–Miami route.

The new Raleigh–Durham Airport opened on May 1, 1943 with flights by Eastern Airlines. The passenger terminal was built from materials remaining after the construction of four barracks for the Army Air Forces Air Technical Service Command airfield.[5] The three runways the airport had in 1951 are still visible on the southeast side of the airport: 4500-ft runway 5, 4500-ft runway 18 and 4490-ft runway 14.

After World War II Capital Airlines joined Eastern at RDU; Piedmont Airlines arrived in 1948. The April 1957 Official Airline Guide shows 36 departures a day: twenty Eastern, eight Capital and eight Piedmont. Nonstop flights did not reach beyond Washington, Atlanta, or the Appalachians (but Eastern started a Super Constellation nonstop to Newark in 1958). The next airline (aside from United's takeover of Capital in 1961) was Delta Air Lines in 1970. In April 1969 nonstops didn't reach beyond New York or Atlanta, and Chicago was the only nonstop west of the Appalachians.

In the 1970s, the last decade before airline deregulation, Piedmont connected RDU to Charlotte, Greensboro, New Bern, Norfolk, Richmond, Rocky Mount, Washington, Wilmington and Winston-Salem.[6] United flew to Asheville, Charlotte, Huntsville and Newark,[7] while Eastern flew to Atlanta, Charlotte, Miami, New York, Philadelphia, Richmond and Washington,[8] and Delta flew to Chicago and Greensboro.[9]

After deregulation Allegheny Airlines arrived in 1979 and by 1985 Trans World Airlines, American Airlines, Ozark, People Express, New York Air and Pan Am had all put in appearances.

Hub Years

American Airlines built a terminal at RDU between 1985 and 1987 to house a new hub operation,[10] and flew to 38 cities when the hub started in June 1987.[11] The December 1987 timetable shows AA nonstops to 36 airports and Eagle prop nonstops to 18 more. The RDU hub operated at a loss even during its heyday in the early 1990s, like the north-south hubs AA then had at Nashville and San Jose.[12]

The hub's traffic peaked in 1991. Although the Raleigh/Durham area had growing local traffic, the connecting hub faced competition from Delta and Eastern in Atlanta and from USAir in Charlotte, as well as the short-lived Continental Airlines hub in Greensboro that opened in 1993. American began to consider closing the hub in late 1993; operations were reduced until June 1995 when American closed the hub, retaining flights to three AA hubs and London.[13]

Midway Airlines replaced AA as the airport's hub carrier from 1995 until 2003.[14] In 1995, Midway had flights to Boston, Hartford, Long Island, Newark, Newburgh, New York, Philadelphia and Washington in the Northeast, and to Fort Lauderdale, Jacksonville, Orlando, Tampa and West Palm Beach in Florida.[15] American subleased its gates at RDU to Midway in order to repay $113 million in American-guaranteed bonds which had been used to construct the hub facilities.[16] Midway suspended service for some time after the September 11, 2001 attacks, ceased operations in 2002 and filed for bankruptcy in 2003.

American Airlines retained the daily nonstop flight from RDU to London, originally launched to Gatwick Airport in May 1994 with a Boeing 767-200ER. The route continues to operate, partly due to the needs of the region's corporate travelers, particularly those of GlaxoSmithKline which has major bases of operation in west London near Heathrow Airport and in the Research Triangle Park near RDU. On March 29, 2008, American shifted the RDU-London flight to Heathrow Airport. The RDU-London flight used three-class Boeing 777-200s for several years and currently is operated with a two-class Boeing 767-300ER. From June to September 2015, American operated the 777-200 back to RDU temporarily, as the 767's were refurbished with new interiors.

Post-hub Years

RDU's post-hub years have brought the addition of several new carriers (notably Southwest Airlines and new destinations). Due to high fuel prices AMR ended the flights to Jacksonville, Kansas City, Newark and Louisville. Mainline flights to Austin, Columbus, New York (LaGuardia) and St. Louis were also dropped. Other cities saw reduced service or downgrade of service. Other airlines cut flights and destinations also, including United's service to Denver, US Airways' services to Las Vegas and Phoenix. ExpressJet ended its independent flights to Kansas City and New Orleans (ExpressJet now only operates as United Express and Delta Connection). In 2008 RDU lost over 30 flights compared to March 2008 schedule.

In 2010 RDU's traffic began to recover. In the first few months of the year passenger numbers stabilized at RDU, ending the decrease in 2008/2009. In the first four months of 2010, 2.7 million passengers traveled through RDU.[17] Growth was flat, compared to the same period a year ago, but these signs were positive, indicating that the decline was over. Also, after cutting service, carriers at RDU began to add (or re-add) new service to the schedule. In April 2010 Midwest Airlines resumed service from RDU, adding service to Milwaukee.[18] This route ended when Midwest was acquired by Frontier Airlines. Southwest Airlines, which began service to RDU in June 1999,[19] had also aggressively expanded at RDU, adding service to St. Louis in May, and replacing American Airlines as the largest carrier at RDU.[20][21] JetBlue Airways also increased service to Boston in May 2010.[22]

Delta Air Lines has increased operations since 2010, with resumed nonstop service to Los Angeles in June 2010,[23] followed by new nonstop service to Columbus, Fort Myers, Hartford, Miami, Orlando, Baltimore, St. Louis and Tampa, and additional frequencies to Boston, Minneapolis-St. Paul and New York (JFK), in November 2010, and new services to Albany (NY) and Providence in April 2011.

In February 2011 Continental Airlines commenced its first international flight from RDU, to Cancún. Delta added three daily flights to Baltimore in September 2011. In November Vision Airlines began operations at RDU and added a twice weekly flight to Freeport.[24] This service was taken over by Bahamasair in May 2012. United Airlines started the airport's first non-stop flight to San Francisco in August 2012. In December 2012 American Airlines announced the airport's first daily non-stop flight to Los Angeles, beginning in April 2013. April 2013 marked the return of Frontier Airlines with nonstop service to Trenton, New Jersey. Since then, Frontier has added non-stop service to Chicago, Cleveland and Denver. Allegiant Air began their first non-stop services out of RDU to Orlando, Punta Gorda/Fort Myers and St. Petersburg/Clearwater in May 2015. In September 2015, United will resume service to Denver at twice a day using 76-seat Embraer 175 jets. In April 2015, Alaska Airlines announced RDU's first daily non-stop flight to Seattle, beginning in October 2015. In September, RDU announced its second transatlantic flight to Paris, which will begin in May 2016 and will be operated by Delta.

Airport Facilities

Raleigh–Durham International Airport has terminals 1 (Concourse A gates A1-A9; there is no Concourse B) and 2 (Concourse C gates C1–C25, Concourse D gates D1–D20). Gates C23, C24, and C25 are international gates and can accommodate aircraft up to the Boeing 747.The airport has implemented the most ambitious expansion in its history, begun in 2006 and completed in January 2011. Terminal 1 was re-opened after extensive renovation in 2014; and Terminal 2 was opened in 2008. The two terminals do not have an airside connection. Passengers moving between the terminals may ride a shuttle bus or take the moving walkway through the covered parking decks between the terminals.

Terminal 1

Terminal 1

The first terminal at RDU opened in 1955. Expanded in 1972 and again in 1976,[25] the building was named Terminal B in 1982 when the then-new Terminal A opened. The two terminals were connected by a landside interior walkway. Terminal B was closed in 1989. In 1994, Terminal B lost its identity when it was renovated into an extension of Terminal A; an airside walkway was added to link all gates. In 2001 the south end of Terminal A was extended to include five temporary gates; these gates were closed in 2009, as the airlines using them moved to other gates.

Terminal A was renamed Terminal 1 on October 26, 2008 to bring RDU in line with terminal naming conventions and to end years of confusion.

After years of proposals,[26][27] the 1981 part of Terminal 1 was closed in 2012 for a complete renovation. The building reopened on April 13, 2014 with nine gates; initially, Southwest and AirTran occupied the rebuilt terminal.[28] The pre-1981 parts of Terminal 1 and the 2001 south-end extension will be demolished as part of this rebuild.[29] The terminal achieved LEED certification in December 2014.[30]

Terminal 2

File:RDU Terminal 2 Concourse C.jpg
Terminal 2

Terminal 2 occupies the site of the former Terminal C, built between 1985 and 1987 for the American Airlines hub. In planning the terminal, American assumed that only around 20% of passengers would originate or terminate their trips in Raleigh–Durham; rather, Terminal C was optimized for the exchange of passengers between connecting flights, with a relatively small check-in and baggage claim area. In reality, connecting passengers only accounted for around two-thirds of the terminal's passengers. After the American and Midway hubs closed, the airport faced a decision about the future of Terminal C and how to eliminate the inconveniences it imposed on local passengers.[10]

In December 2003, the Airport Authority announced plans to expand and renovate the originally 300,000-square-foot (28,000 m²) building, transforming it into a new 900,000-ft² (84,000 m²) facility. In January 2006, the airport instead decided to replace the building entirely.

Terminal 2 was designed by Fentress Architects under a philosophy of contextual regionalism, related to Critical regionalism. The terminal, invoking the flowing hills and culture of North Carolina's Piedmont region,[31] consisted of two phases of construction. The first, larger Phase 1 opened on October 26, 2008 while Phase 2 opened on January 23, 2011 in time for the 2011 NHL All Star Game.[17] Terminal 2 has 36 gates; three configured for international flights. All gates feature adjustable jetbridges that can accommodate aircraft from regional jets to Boeing 747s. The federal inspection area has 16 stations.

Airport Lounges

The following Airport lounges are located in Terminal 2:

Cargo Terminal

North Cargo Terminal

The airport incorporates two cargo areas, North Cargo and South Cargo. The North Cargo terminal area is used by cargo airlines. The largest cargo operators are FedEx and UPS. The South Cargo terminal area is used by commercial airlines for cargo operations.

Fixed-Base Operators (FBO)

The airport has two, full service FBOs on the airfield:

Both FBOs Offer:

  • 24 Hour Fuel Services
  • Heated Hangars
  • Internet Cafe
  • Maintenance Services
  • Sleep Rooms
  • Catering
  • Rental Cars
  • US Customs
  • Complimentary Coffee
  • Conference Room
  • Crew Showers
  • Hotel/Dinner Reservations
  • Taxi/Limousine Services
  • Flight Training On Site
  • Tie-Downs

General Aviation Terminal

General Aviation Terminal

RDU's General Aviation Terminal serves as:

  • Terminal for charter flights (sports, military and leisure)
  • Pilot's resource center
  • Private-event facility
  • Office for several local aviation-related companies
  • Cross-Winds Cafe
  • Indoor/Outdoor observation deck, overlooking runway 5R/23L
  • Raleigh–Wake squadron of the North Carolina wing of the Civil Air Patrol Meeting Location
  • Rental Car Facility (military personnel and charter flight passengers)

Runways

RDU has three runways. Two parallel runways are designated 5L/23R and 5R/23L, and a cross-wind runway designated 14/32. Both parallel runways have been equipped with LED lights.

  • Runway 5L/23R: 10,000 feet (3,000 m) x 150 feet (concrete)
  • Runway 5R/23L: 7,500 feet (2,300 m) x 150 feet (asphalt)
  • Runway 14/32: 3,550 feet (1,080 m) x 100 feet (asphalt)

Prior to September 11, 2001, The RDU Airport Authority and Federal Aviation Administration planned a fourth runway at the airport, but with the demise of the Midway Airlines hub and the airline industry downturn following 9/11 terrorist attacks, this plan was placed on hold. During the period between May 27, 2008 and June 24, 2008, and between May 19, 2010 and June 17, 2010, runway 5R/23L was closed for renovation.[32]

Parking

Parking garage

In addition to standard hourly and daily parking garages, RDU operates four park-and-ride lots served by shuttle bus.

  • Lot 1 is a "cell-phone waiting" lot
  • Lots 2 and 5 are used primarily for seasonal overflow and holiday traffic.
  • Lots 3 and 4 are traditional park-and-ride facilities.

There are, currently, a total of 11,021 parking spaces available to passengers[33]

Military

Observation Areas

RDU maintains two public observation decks.

  • One deck overlooks runway 5L/23R near the air traffic control tower and park-and-ride lot 2. It has a playground with a simplistic model of RDU's runways for kids and air traffic communications are broadcast via a loudspeaker for the curious public.
  • The second deck is located at the General Aviation Terminal. It includes a café called "CrossWinds Cafe". This observation deck allows for both inside and outside viewing.

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Airlines Destinations Terminal
Air Canada Express Toronto–Pearson 2D
Alaska Airlines Seattle/Tacoma 2D
Allegiant Air Orlando/Sanford, Punta Gorda/Fort Myers, St. Petersburg/Clearwater 2D
American Airlines Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Miami, Philadelphia
Seasonal: Cancún (begins March 5, 2016)[36]		 2C
American Eagle New York–JFK, New York–LaGuardia, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Washington–National
Seasonal: Charlotte		 2C
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York–JFK, Paris–Charles de Gaulle (begins May 12, 2016),[37] Salt Lake City (resumes March 2, 2016)[38]
Seasonal: Cancún, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Orlando		 2C
Delta Connection Baltimore, Boston, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus (OH), Detroit, Fort Lauderdale, Hartford, Indianapolis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–LaGuardia, New York–JFK, Orlando, Philadelphia, Tampa
Seasonal: Miami		 2C
Frontier Airlines Atlanta (begins April 14, 2016), Orlando (begins April 15, 2016), Philadelphia (begins April 15, 2016)
Seasonal: Chicago–O'Hare (resumes April 15, 2016), Cleveland (resumes April 14, 2016), Denver (resumes April 14, 2016), Trenton (resumes April 14, 2016)		 2D
JetBlue Airways Boston, Fort Lauderdale, New York-JFK 2C
Southwest Airlines Atlanta, Baltimore, Chicago–Midway, Dallas–Love, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Houston–Hobby, Las Vegas, Nashville, Orlando, Phoenix, St. Louis, Tampa 1A
United Airlines Chicago-O'Hare, Newark, San Francisco
Seasonal: Denver (begins March 4, 2016), Houston–Intercontinental, Washington-Dulles		 2D
United Express Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, Washington–Dulles 2D

Cargo

Airlines Destinations
Bankair Charlotte
Business Airfreight New Bern
FedEx Express Indianapolis, Memphis
UPS Airlines Louisville
UPS Airlines
operated by Martinaire		 Edenton, Jacksonville (NC), Manteo/Dare County, New Bern, Wilmington (NC)

Statistics

Domestic destinations from RDU as of January 2016.
Southwest Airlines landing on runway 5L/23R.
A McDonnell Douglas MD-82 aircraft of American Airlines.
An American Airlines Boeing 777-200 from London-Gatwick landing at RDU in 2005

Top destinations

Busiest domestic routes from RDU (Sep 2014 – Oct 2015)[39]
Rank City Passengers Carriers
1 Atlanta, Georgia 688,000 Delta, Southwest
2 Charlotte, North Carolina 352,000 American
3 Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois 287,000 American, United
4 Boston, Massachusetts 242,000 Delta, JetBlue
5 Baltimore, Maryland 235,000 Delta, Southwest
6 New York–LaGuardia, New York 228,000 American, Delta
7 Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas 212,000 American
8 New York–JFK, New York 209,000 American, Delta, JetBlue
9 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 184,000 American, Delta, Southwest
10 Orlando, Florida 154,000 Delta, Southwest

Annual Traffic

Annual passenger traffic (enplaned + deplaned) at RDU, 1985 through 2014[40]
Year Passengers Year Passengers Year Passengers Year Passengers
2010 9,101,920 2000 10,438,585 1990 9,265,665
2009 8,973,398 1999 8,941,775 1989 8,594,671
2008 9,715,928 1998 7,228,653 1988 7,352,007
2007 10,037,424 1997 6,724,874 1987 4,854,073
2006 9,432,925 1996 6,417,871 1986 3,100,002
2005 9,303,904 1995 5,937,135 1985 2,771,009
2014 9,545,360 2004 8,637,606 1994 8,999,491
2013 9,186,748 2003 7,912,547 1993 9,695,886
2012 9,220,391 2002 8,241,253 1992 9,925,364
2011 9,161,279 2001 9,584,087 1991 9,381,586
Airline market share
Largest Airlines at RDU
(Sep. 2014 – Aug. 2015)
Rank Airline Passengers
1 Southwest Airlines 2,152,000
2 Delta Air Lines 1,484,000
3 American Airlines1 1,848,000
4 Endeavor Air 647,000
— Other Airlines 3,079,000

Notes

Ground Transportation

Public Transit

Public transportation to and from RDU is provided by Triangle Transit, which offers scheduled, fixed-route regional and commuter bus service between the airport, Amtrak and the principal cities of Raleigh, Durham and town of Chapel Hill (where TTA connects with the respective local urban transit systems), as well as to and from Research Triangle Park and several of the region's larger suburban communities.

  • TTA Route 100
  • Taxicab service at RDU is operated by RDU Taxi Inc., with a contract extension that runs through December 31, 2014.
  • Shuttle services: As in most regions, numerous hotels throughout the area offer guest shuttles to and from the airport. Service varies by location, however most are available from approximately 6 a.m. daily through the final arrival/departure of the evening.
  • Major rental car providers operate from the airport.

Accidents and incidents

  • On December 13, 1994, American Eagle Flight 3379 operated by AMR's regional airline Flagship Airlines,[41] a Jetstream 31 was on a regularly scheduled service of Raleigh–Greensboro-Raleigh when it crashed into a wooded area about 4 miles (6.4 km) SW of the airport, in the vicinity of Morrisville, NC. Of the 20 onboard (18 passengers and 2 crewmembers) 15 were killed while the 5 survivors received serious injuries. The probable cause of the crash was the pilot not following proper procedure when it came to an engine failure situation.[42]
  • On February 19, 1988, AVAir Flight 3378, a Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner was on a regularly scheduled flight between Raleigh and Richmond when it crashed into a reservoir about a mile from the airport, where it had departed in the vicinity of Cary, North Carolina: The aircraft departed during low ceiling, low visibility and night conditions. Analysis of radar data indicated the aircraft was in a 45-degree descending turn. Both crew members and all 10 passengers were killed. It was revealed during the investigation that the pilot had complained of illness but decided to continue the flight.

See also

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the Air Force Historical Research Agency.

  1. ↑ http://rdu.com/authority/stats.html
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 1978 timetable
  7. ↑ 1976 timetable
  8. ↑ 1972 timetable
  9. ↑ 1974 timetable
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ 1995 timetable
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 http://rdu.com/news/2010/release_052010.htm
  18. ↑ http://rdu.com/news/2010/release_040110.htm
  19. ↑ http://www.swamedia.com/channels/By-Date/pages/1998-to-2000
  20. ↑ http://rdu.com/news/2010/release_051010.htm
  21. ↑ http://www.rdu.com/Landing/annualreport/2009/rdu-09yir.pdf
  22. ↑ http://rdu.com/news/2010/release_050310.htm
  23. ↑ http://rdu.com/news/2010/release_061010.htm
  24. ↑ http://www.rduaa.com/feeds/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=306:07-14-11-vision-airlines-announces-nonstop-service-between-rdu-and-grand-bahama-island&catid=13:2011&Itemid=1
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ http://www.bizjournals.com/triangle/news/2014/12/19/rdu-terminal-1-achieves-leed-certification.html
  31. ↑ http://rdu.com/terminal2/aboutproject/architecture.htm
  32. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  33. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/american-airlines-customers-gain-new-non-stop-routes-to-cancun-300173130.html
  37. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ http://www.transtats.bts.gov/airports.asp?pn=1&Airport=RDU&Airport_Name=Raleigh/Durham,%20NC:%20Raleigh%20Durham&carrier=FACTS
  40. ↑ Passengers by Year. Retrieved on Mar 28, 2015.
  41. ↑ American Eagle Flight 3379 Information
  42. ↑ American Eagle Flight 3379 NTSB Brief Report

External links


Retrieved from "https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Raleigh–Durham_International_Airport&oldid=180551"