Portal:Java
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Java history
The Java platform and language began as an internal project at Sun Microsystems in December 1990, providing an alternative to the C++/C programming languages. Engineer Patrick Naughton had become increasingly frustrated with the state of Sun's C++ and C APIs (application programming interfaces) and tools. While considering moving to NeXT, Naughton was offered a chance to work on new technology and thus the Stealth Project was started.
The Stealth Project was soon renamed to the Green Project with James Gosling and Mike Sheridan joining Naughton. Together with other engineers, they began work in a small office on Sand Hill Road in Menlo Park, California. They were attempting to develop a new technology for programming next generation smart appliances, which Sun expected to be a major new opportunity.
The team originally considered using C++, but it was rejected for several reasons. Because they were developing an embedded system with limited resources, they decided that C++ demanded too large a footprint and that its complexity led to developer errors. The language's lack of garbage collection meant that programmers had to manually manage system memory, a challenging and error-prone task. The team was also troubled by the language's lack of portable facilities for security, distributed programming, and threading. Finally, they wanted a platform that could be easily ported to all types of devices.
Bill Joy had envisioned a new language combining the best of Mesa and C. In a paper called Further, he proposed to Sun that its engineers should produce an object-oriented environment based on C++. Initially, Gosling attempted to modify and extend C++ (which he referred to as "C++ ++ --") but soon abandoned that in favor of creating an entirely new language, which he called Oak, after the tree that stood just outside his office.
By the summer of 1992, they were able to demonstrate portions of the new platform including the Green OS, the Oak language, the libraries, and the hardware. Their first attempt, demonstrated on September 3, 1992, focused on building a PDA device named Star7 which had a graphical interface and a smart agent called "Duke" to assist the user. In November of that year, the Green Project was spun off to become firstperson, a wholly owned subsidiary of Sun Microsystems, and the team relocated to Palo Alto, California. The firstperson team was interested in building highly interactive devices, and when Time Warner issued an RFP for a set-top box, firstperson changed their target and responded with a proposal for a set-top box platform. However, the cable industry felt that their platform gave too much control to the user and firstperson lost their bid to SGI. An additional deal with The 3DO Company for a set-top box also failed to materialize. Unable to generate interest within the TV industry, the company was rolled back into Sun.
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Here is a schema of the general architecture of a program running in a Java Virtual Machine.
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| James Gosling's weblog | |
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| Born | May 19, 1955 near Calgary, Alberta, Canada |
| Residence |  United States |
| Nationality |  Canada |
| Alma mater | Carnegie Mellon University, University of Calgary |
| Occupation | Computer Scientist |
| Employer | Sun Microsystems |
| Known for | Java programming language |
| Title | Chief Technology Officer, CSG |
| Awards | Officer of the Order of Canada |
James Arthur Gosling, O.C., Ph.D. (born May 19, 1955 near Calgary, Alberta, Canada) is a famous software developer, best known as the father of the Java language.
In 1977, James Gosling received a B.Sc in Computer Science from the University of Calgary. In 1983, he earned a Ph.D in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University, and his doctoral thesis was titled "The Algebraic Manipulation of Constraints".
While working towards his doctorate, he wrote a version of emacs (gosmacs), and before joining Sun Microsystems he built a multi-processor version of Unix while at Carnegie Mellon University, as well as several compilers and mail systems.
Since 1984, Gosling has been with Sun Microsystems. He is generally credited as the inventor of the Java programming language in 1991. He created the original design of Java and implemented its original compiler and virtual machine. For this achievement he was elected to the United States National Academy of Engineering.
He has also made major contributions to several other software systems, such as NeWS and Gosling Emacs. He also cowrote the "bundle" program, a utility thoroughly detailed in Brian Kernighan and Rob Pike's book The Unix Programming Environment.
In 2007, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. The Order is Canada's highest civilian honour. Officers are the second highest grade.
- ... that both the Mozilla Firefox and Microsoft Internet Explorer browser designs are descended from the Mosaic web browser?
- ... that Netscape was the first web browser to support Java, other than Java's own HotJava Browser?
- ... that Java SE 6 is code-named Mustang?
- ... that Java Runtime Environment is found on over 700 million PCs?
- ... that in 2008 Hewlett-Packard created a prototype of the theoretical fourth and last passive circuit element, the memristor (first devised in 1971), that may one day revolutionize electronics?
Template:/box-header 1. Who said: "There's only one trick in software, and that is using a piece of software that's already been written."?
2. When was Java first released?
3. Why is JavaScript thus named if it is essentially unrelated to Java?
4. Which was Java's original name: Green, Oak, Stealth, C++ ++ --, firstperson, Duke or Coffee?
5. True or False: An Interface can never be private or protected?
- Answer (External link)
Template:/box-header Lists
- List of Blu-ray disc replicating machines manufacturers
- List of DVD recordable manufacturers
- List of Blu-ray Disc recordable manufacturers
Articles
- Most Recent:
- {{Wikipedia:WikiProject_Java/List_of_article_recents|title=Recent Articles||part=Portal:Java/Recent Articles}}
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- Main outline: Outline of computer science
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Java platforms 
Oracle technologies Platform technologies Major third-party technologies History Major programming languages Java conferences 
Hi everybody! We just opened the WikiProject Java (and portal). Enjoy!
Java: (bot)
Science:- May 13: World's oldest known hafted axe fragment found in Western Australia
- May 9: NASA releases first topographical map of Mercury
- October 31: NASA releases complete image of Pluto's crescent
- October 9: After Mars, NASA announces water ice on Pluto
- October 8: Three scientists share 2015 Chemistry Nobel Prize for DNA repair research
- October 1: NASA announces water on Mars
- September 11: Typhoon Etau causes more leakage at Fukushima
- September 3: Study estimates Earth has over three trillion trees
- September 1: Biologist Nick Bos tells Wikinews about 'self-medicating' ants
- July 17: NASA's New Horizons space probe performs first close planetary flyby of Pluto
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Falling Shepard tone programmed in Java:
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A video that could be related to Java from Wikimania 2008: Video!
Featured Articles
Good Articles
Ongoing nominations- Don't hesitate to participate in ongoing Java-related featured article or good article nominations!
* Java applets
* Java is also part of the wider categories Computing and Computer Science.
Java timeline
versions↓α↓ß↓first↓second↓third↓fourth↓fifth↓sixth↓seventh│1992│1996│2000│2004│2008│2012- 1992: Java 0 (Oak)
- 1995: Java 1.0
- 1997: Java 1.1
- 1998: Java 1.2
- 2000: Java 1.3
- 2002: Java 1.4
- 2004: Java 5
- 2006: Java 6
- 2011: Java 7
- 2014: Java 8
Map of the World of Java
- WikiProject Java
- WikiProject Programming languages
- WikiProject Computing
- WikiProject Computer science
- WikiProject Portals
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- possible names: Erich Gamma, Michael Kölling, Todd Greanier, etc.
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— KISS principle“ Keep It Simple, Stupid! ” 0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z The following Wikimedia sister projects provide more on this subject:- What are portals?
- List of portals
- Featured portals
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