Portal:International relations
International relations are relationships between countries, including the roles of States, inter-governmental organizations (IGOs), international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and multinational corporations (MNCs). International relations are both an academic and public policy field, and can be either positive or normative, as international relations seek to analyze as well as to formulate the foreign policy of particular States. The study of international relations is often considered a branch of political science (especially after 1988 UNESCO nomenclature), but an important sector of academia prefer to treat it as an interdisciplinary field of study. Aspects of international relations have been studied for thousands of years, since the time of Thucydides, but international relations became a separate and definable discipline in the early 20th century.
Apart from political science, international relations draw upon such diverse fields as economics, history, international law, philosophy, geography, social work, sociology, anthropology, criminology, psychology, gender studies, and cultural studies / culturology. International relations involve a diverse range of issues, including, but not limited to: globalization, state sovereignty, international security, ecological sustainability, nuclear proliferation, nationalism, economic development, global finance, terrorism, organized crime, human security, foreign interventionism, human rights. Template:/box-footer
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Box-header/colours' not found.
The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first permanent international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. Its primary goals, as stated in its Covenant, included preventing wars through collective security and disarmament, and settling international disputes through negotiation and arbitration. The diplomatic philosophy behind the League represented a fundamental shift from the preceding hundred years. The League lacked an armed force of its own and so depended on the Great Powers to enforce its resolutions, which they were often very reluctant to do. The League ultimately proved incapable of preventing aggression by the fascist powers in 1930s. The onset of the Second World War made it clear that the League had failed in its primary purpose—to avoid any future world war. The United Nations effectively replaced it after World War II and inherited a number of agencies and organisations founded by the League. (more...)
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Box-header/colours' not found.
Robert Strange McNamara (June 9, 1916 – July 6, 2009) was an American business executive and the eighth Secretary of Defense, serving from 1961 to 1968 under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson, during which time he played a large role in escalating the United States involvement in the Vietnam War. Following that, he served as President of the World Bank from 1968 to 1981. McNamara was responsible for the institution of systems analysis in public policy, which developed into the discipline known today as policy analysis McNamara consolidated intelligence and logistics functions of the Pentagon into two centralized agencies: the Defense Intelligence Agency and the Defense Supply Agency.
Prior to public service, McNamara was one of the "Whiz Kids" who helped rebuild Ford Motor Company after World War II, and briefly served as Ford's President before becoming Secretary of Defense. A group of advisors he brought to the Pentagon inherited the "Whiz Kids" moniker. McNamara remains the longest serving Secretary of Defense at over seven years.
- ...that Austria (pictured) had been divided and occupied by the Allied Forces from 1945 until 1955?
- ...that the Peace of Westphalia formally ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648 and created a basis for national self-determination that continues to this day?
- ...that Finland fought side by side with Nazi Germany in the Continuation War and then against it in the Lapland War?
- ...that Russia and Japan have been unable to sign a peace treaty after World War II and as of 2015 matters remain unresolved?
- ...that after the Chinese Civil War combat ended between the Communist Party of China and the Kuomintang Party of China, no armistice or peace treaty was signed and there is much debate about whether the Civil War has legally ended?
- ...that in the Russo-Japanese War the complete victory of the Japanese military surprised world observers and transformed the balance of power in East Asia?
- ...that the Cuban Missile Crisis played out on television worldwide and was the closest the Cold War came to escalating into a full-scale nuclear war?
- ...that after the summit of the Munich Agreement the then British prime minister Neville Chamberlain returned to Great Britain and declared that it would mean "peace for our time" only to be followed by the Second World War?
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Box-header/colours' not found.
.jpg) |
| The Peace of Westphalia was a series of peace treaties signed between May and October 1648 in Osnabrück and Münster. These treaties ended the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) between Spain and the Dutch Republic, with Spain formally recognizing the independence of the Dutch Republic. As European influence spread across the globe, these Westphalian principles, especially the concept of sovereign states, became central to international law and to the prevailing world order. |
- May 19:Burundian president Pierre Nkurunziza returns to power after an unsuccessful coup d'état attempt during the 2015 Burundian unrest.
- May 18: Saudi Arabia-led airstrikes against the Houthi rebels in Yemen resume after a five-day ceasefire.
- May 17:The Islamic State reportedly seizes control of the Iraqi city of Ramadi after the retreat of government forces.
- May 16: An Egyptian court sentences deposed President Mohamed Morsi to death for his part in the Egyptian Revolution of 2011.
- May 14:*U.S. President Barack Obama meets with the Gulf Cooperation Council at the White House with a proposed nuclear deal with Iran top of the agenda.
- May 14:Malaysia turns away two boats with more than 800 Rohingya and Bangladesh migrants abandoned at sea by human traffickers.
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
 |
Here are some tasks awaiting attention:
|
-
-
-
- –When a task is completed, please remove it from the list.
-
-
- What are portals?
- List of portals
- Featured portals
