Portal:Computer science

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This portal is for the academic discipline of computer science. For other related portals such as computer networking, computer security and information technology, please see portals: technology and applied sciences. Computer science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. Computing science encompasses many branches; some emphasize the computation of specific results (such as computer graphics), while others (such as computational complexity theory) relate to properties of computational problems. Still others focus on the challenges in implementing computations. For example, programming language theory studies approaches to describing a computation, while computer programming applies specific programming languages to craft a solution to some concrete computational problems. More on computer science... “ ...the unfactored criterion "A program is good (enough) as long as it satisfies your customers." is too woolly to be of any help. ” — Edsger W. Dijkstra (1930-2002) [EWD603: Tripreport, E.W.Dijkstra Archive] edit  Featured article Fortran (previously FORTRAN) is a general-purpose, procedural, imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing. Originally developed by IBM at their campus in south San Jose, California in the 1950s for scientific and engineering applications, Fortran came to dominate this area of programming early on and has been in continual use for over half a century in computationally intensive areas such as numerical weather prediction, finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, computational physics and computational chemistry. It is one of the most popular languages in the area of high-performance computing and is the language used for programs that benchmark and rank the world's fastest supercomputers. Partial map of the Internet based on the January 15, 2005 data found on opte.org . Each line is drawn between two nodes, representing two IP addresses. The length of each line is indicative of the delay between those two nodes. This graph represents less than 30% of the Class C networks reachable by the data collection program in early 2005. Lines are color-coded according to their corresponding RFC 1918. ▼ Computer science ► Computer scientists ► Computer science conferences ► Computer science literature ► Computer science organizations ► Unsolved problems in computer science ► Computer science stubs Computer science C++ Computational biology Computer vision Computing Cryptography Databases Java Logic Mathematics Software Vinton Gray Cerf B. 1943 Vinton Gray "Vint" Cerf[1] (/ˈsɜrf/; born June 23, 1943) is an American computer scientist, who is recognized as one of "the fathers of the Internet", sharing this title with American computer scientist Bob Kahn. His contributions have been acknowledged and lauded, repeatedly, with honorary degrees and awards that include the National Medal of Technology, the Turing Award, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and membership in the National Academy of Engineering. In the early days, Cerf was a program manager for the United States Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) funding various groups to develop TCP/IP technology. When the Internet began to transition to a commercial opportunity during the late 1980s, Cerf moved to MCI where he was instrumental in the development of the first commercial email system (MCI Mail) connected to the Internet. Cerf was instrumental in the funding and formation of ICANN from the start. He waited in the wings for a year before he stepped forward to join the ICANN Board, eventually becoming chairman. Cerf went to Van Nuys High School along with Jon Postel and Steve Crocker; he wrote the former's obituary. Both were also instrumental in the creation of the Internet. Cerf is also known for his sartorial style, typically appearing in three-piece suit—a rarity in an industry known for its casual dress norms. Artificial intelligence Computer graphics Computer programming Computer security Cryptography Free software Information technology Java Linux Amiga Machine learning Python programming Software Engineering Science Template:/box-header {{Wikipedia:WikiProject Computer science/to do}} Template:/box-footer Taxonomic classification ACM Computing Classification System Outline of computer science Theory Automata theory Computability theory Computational complexity theory Information theory Algorithms Binary search Brute-force search Divide and conquer Dynamic programming Greedy Recursive descent Regular expressions Data structures Array Linked list Binary tree Heap Hash table Adjacency list Applied subfields Artificial intelligence Bioinformatics/Computational biology Computational linguistics Computer graphics Image processing Computer networking HCI Relational databases Information retrieval Machine learning Numerical analysis Miscellaneous computing Distributed computing Parallel computing Real-time computing Quantum computer DNA computing Hardware Central processing unit Computer architecture CPU cache Floating point arithmetic Computer storage History of computing hardware Operating systems AmigaOS Windows NT group BSD Haiku ITS Lisp machine Linux kernel NetWare OpenVMS OS/2 Pick Plan 9 Unix VM z/OS Data languages HTML XML MediaWiki SQL Scripting languages AppleScript DCL JavaScript JCL Rexx TECO Unix shell Windows PowerShell Programming languages Ada ALGOL BASIC C C++ C# COBOL Dylan Eiffel Erlang Forth Fortran Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP PL/I Prolog Python R Ruby Scala Scheme Programming language theory Syntax Semantics Type systems Programming paradigms Imperative programming (Structured programming, Object-oriented programming) Functional programming Logic programming Computer scientists Edsger Dijkstra Donald Knuth Marvin Minsky Alan Turing Niklaus Wirth Other History of computer science The following Wikimedia sister projects provide more on this subject: Directory of pages for Portal:Computing_science What are portals? 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