Portal:Bulgaria

Topics Culture Geography Health History Mathematics Nature People Philosophy Religion Society Technology Bulgaria (Bulgarian: България, [bɤlɡˈariɤ]), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Република България, [rɛpˈubliˌkɤ bɤlɡˈariɤ]), is a country in Southeastern Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the east, Greece and Turkey to the south, Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia to the west, and Romania to the north, mostly along the Danube. Bulgaria's civilized history dates back more than six millennia to a prehistoric time and place within the heart of its territory that marks the birth of Europe's and possibly the world's first literary culture. Though relatively small in terms of territory and population, Bulgaria's continuous historical wealth throughout prominent cyclical eras of growth, decline and medieval renaissance rivals that of the much larger and more populous countries of China, India and Egypt. The modern Bulgarian state was first established in 681 AD creating the First Bulgarian Empire. After the Empire fell to the Byzantine Empire in 1018 the Second one took its place in 1185. The Second Bulgarian Empire established much of Bulgaria's heritage we know today. The empire was completely occupied by the Ottoman Empire in 1396 and fell in 1422. The current Bulgarian state declared independence in 1878 and was completely separated from The Ottoman Empire in 1908. Part of the Eastern Bloc after World War II, today Bulgaria is a democratic, unitary, parliamentary republic, a member of the European Union and NATO. The capital is Sofia, one of the oldest capital cities in Europe. The Bulgarian Orthodox Church (Bulgarian: Българска православна църква, Bălgarska pravoslavna cărkva) is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church with some 6.5 million members in the Republic of Bulgaria and between 1.5 and 2.0 million members in a number of European countries, the Americas and Australia. The recognition of the autocephalous Bulgarian Patriarchate by the Patriarchate of Constantinople in 927 AD makes the Bulgarian Orthodox Church the oldest autocephalous Slavic Orthodox Church in the world, which was added to the Pentarchy of the original Patriarchates - those of Rome (which became today's Roman Catholic Church after the Schism), Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch and Jerusalem - and the autocephalous Georgian Catholicosate. Rila Twin lake. The Twin lake (Bulgarian: Близнака) is the largest of the Seven Rila Lakes, which are group of lakes of glacial origin (glacial lakes), situated in the northwestern Rila Mountains in Bulgaria. The lakes are situated between 2,100 and 2,500 metres elevation above sea level. The Twin lake is the largest with 9.1 ha. August 29: Four men go before Hungarian court after 71 found dead in lorry June 27: Russians continue to top podium on third day of European Deaf Swimming Championships June 25: Russians top podium on second day of European Deaf Swimming Championships August 7: Deaflympics 2013: US swimmer breaks second world record June 23: One Australian male and female archer qualify for Olympics after Ogden event February 12: Anti-ACTA activists protest across Europe February 8: European cold spell kills hundreds May 15: Azerbaijan win 2011 Eurovision Song Contest 100x100px ...that the chitalishte (community centre) in Novo Selo (pictured), constructed in 1930, is also a memorial to locals who perished in war? ...that Hadzhi Dimitar was one of the most prominent Bulgarian voivods and revolutionary workers for the Liberation of Bulgaria from Ottoman rule? ...that the earliest traces of human settlement in the Pleven area date from the 5th millennium BC, the Neolithic era? ...that the town of Tutrakan was founded by the Ancient Romans in the end of the first half of the 1st century under the name Transmarisca? 20px Bulgaria • Education • Religion • Sport • Health Society • Provinces • Municipalities • Cities and towns Geography • Subdivisions • Environment • Buildings and structures • Tourist attractions • Rivers • Extreme points 20px Economy • Companies • Communication • Science and technology • Tourism • Transport Culture • Arts • Cuisine • Languages • Literature • Media • Music Template:/box-header History • Thracians • Bulgars • Slavs • Bulgarians • Old Great Bulgaria • First Bulgarian Empire • Second Bulgarian Empire • History of Ottoman Bulgaria • National awakening • History of Independent Bulgaria • Balkan Wars • During World War I • During World War II • History of the People's Republic of Bulgaria • History since 1989 Geography • Provinces • Municipalities • Cities and towns • Villages • Rivers • Extreme points Politics • Government • Presidents • Prime Ministers • National Assembly • Elections • Parties • Foreign relations Culture • Music • Language • Literature • Religion • Education 20px Economy • Communications • Tourism Template:/box-header Requested articles • Bulgarian architecture • Bulgarian art • Bulgarian gardeners • Traycho Traykov • Totyu Mladenov • Alexander Tsvetkov • Nona Karadzhova • Stefan Konstantinov • Minko Gerdzhikov • Nikolay Liliev • Teodor Trayanov • Bulgarian dress • Bulgarian art • Pliska–Preslav culture • Evgeni Tanchev Expand • Dulo clan • Yantra River • Nestinarstvo • Vrana Palace • Pliska • Gate of Trajan • Georgi Ivanov • Georgi Benkovski • Ekaterina Dafovska • Name days in Bulgaria • Evlogi Georgiev • Turks in Bulgaria • Sliven • Shumen • Shishman dynasty Requested images • Klokotnitsa • Naftex Stadium • Palitsi • Vrana Palace • Dimitar Petkov Further information • WikiProject Bulgaria • Bulgarian Collaboration Project • Translation into English/Bulgarian Bulgarian Empire European Union Romania Turkey Greece Serbia Republic of Macedonia The following Wikimedia sister projects provide more on this subject: What are portals? 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