Palaihnihan languages

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Palaihnih
Laikni
Geographic
distribution:		 California
Linguistic classification: Hokan ?
  • Shasta–Palaihnihan
    • Palaihnih
Subdivisions:
Glottolog: pala1350[1]

Palaihnihan (also Palaihnih) is a language family of northeastern California. It consists of two closely related languages:

  1. Atsugewi (†)
  2. Achumawi (AKA Achomawi, Pit River Indian)

Reconstructions

The original reconstruction of proto-Palaihnihan suffered from poor quality data. David Olmsted's dictionary depends almost entirely upon de Angulo, who did not record the phonological distinctions consistently or well,[2] and carelessly includes Pomo vocabulary from a manuscript in which he (de Angulo) set out to demonstrate that Achumawi and Pomo are not related.[3] William Bright has also pointed out problems with Olmsted's methods of reconstruction.[4] The reconstruction is being refined with newer data.[5]

Genetic relations

The Palaihnihan family is often connected with the hypothetical Hokan stock. Proposed special relationships within Hokan include Palaihnihan with Shastan (known as Shasta-Achomawi) and within a Kahi sub-group (AKA Northern Hokan) with Shastan, Chimariko, and Karuk.

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Nevin 1991, 1998.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ "Reconstructing Achumawi and Atsugewi: Proto-Palaihnihan revisited"

Bibliography

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  • Good, Jeff; McFarland, Teresa; & Paster, Mary. (2003). Reconstructing Achumawi and Atsugewi: Proto-Palaihnihan revisited. Atlanta, GA. (Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas, January 2–5).
  • Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X.
  • Nevin, Bruce E. (1991). "Obsolescence in Achumawi: Why Uldall Too?". Papers from the American Indian Languages Conferences, held at the University of California, Santa Cruz, July and August 1991. Occasional Papers on Linguistics 16:97-127. Department of Linguistics, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale.
  • Nevin, Bruce E. (1998). Aspects of Pit River phonology. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.
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  • Olmstead, David L. (1958). Atsugewi Phonology, International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 24, No. 3, Franz Boas Centennial, Volume (Jul., 1958), pp. 215–220.
  • Olmstead, David L. (1964). A history of Palaihnihan phonology. University of California publications in linguistics (Vol. 35). Berkeley: University of California Press.


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