Obice da 75/18 modello 34

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Obice da 75/14 modello 34
Obice de 75/18 modello 34 next to the Battle of Crete Monument in Heraklion (Crete)
Type Howitzer
Place of origin Italy
Service history
In service 1934-1945
Used by  Italy
 Portugal
Wars World War II
Production history
Designer Sergio Belese
Manufacturer Ansaldo
Specifications
Weight 1,832 kilograms (4,039 lb) (travelling)
1,050 kilograms (2,310 lb) (action)
Length 1.557 metres (61.3 in)

Shell 6.4 kilograms (14 lb)
Caliber 75 mm (2.95 in)
Carriage box trail (modello 34)
split trail (modello 35)
Elevation -10° to +45°
Traverse 50°
Muzzle velocity 425 m/s (1,395 ft/s)
Maximum firing range 9,564 metres (10,459 yd)
File:Obice-de-75-18-M35-Saumur.0004x08e.jpg
Obice de 75/18 modello 35 on display at the Musée des Blindés in Saumur

The Obice da 75/18 modello 34 was an Italian artillery piece used during World War II.

History

Much of Italy is mountainous, so the Italian army has always had an interest in mountain artillery. In the 1930s much of Italy's mountain artillery was obsolescent and overdue for replacement.

In 1934, the Italian firm of Ansaldo produced a new mountain howitzer design, the Obice da 75/18 modello 34, designed by an Italian artillery Lt. Colonel named Sergio Berlese. The modello 34 could be broken down into eight loads for transport. In the interest of standardization and logistics a version of the 75/18, the modello 35, was also used as the light howitzer component of normal field batteries. The modello 35 did not break down into smaller loads and had a split, rather than box, trail.[1]

The Italians sold the modello 35 abroad in order to obtain foreign currency. In 1940 a sizable batch was sold to Portugal, and more went to South American countries in exchange for raw materials. The gun was also used as the main armament of the Semovente 75/18 self-propelled gun where, due to its "Effetto Pronto" (HEAT) ammunition, it also had a good anti-tank capability.

In 1941 some captured pieces were used against the Germans by the forces of the Commonwealth during the Battle of Crete and were probably present in the defence of Maleme airfield. Two of them are nowadays displayed next to the Battle of Crete monument in Heraklion.

References