Naval aircrewman

Naval Aircrewman
Naval Aircrewman rating insignia
Issued by	United States Navy
Type	Enlisted rating
Abbreviation	AW
Specialty	Aviation

The Naval Aircrewman rating (known as Aviation Warfare Systems Operator or AW prior to 2008) is an enlisted rating of the US Navy. It was previously designated as aviation anti-submarine warfare operator. However, under the CNO-directed "Helicopter Master Plan", all 78XX and 94XX aircrewmen were re-designated as "aviation warfare systems operators". The description of the Naval Aircrew Rate (AW) on this page define only the "Active Duty" aspects of the AW rate, fleets (aircraft), positions, and duties that are manned by aircrew in today's Navy. The Full Time Support (FTS) and Selected Reserves (SELRES) components of the U.S. Naval Reserves make up the largest number of Aircrew in today's Navy. Many technologically advanced navies have a similar trade.

Naval aircrew wings, typically earned by AWs upon completion of on-the-job training.

Training

All AWs must attain a minimum amount of education and training in several fields of science, technology, and aviation at several different schools. The educational "pipeline" averages 18 months to 2 years in length. The following list describes most of those schools:

Schools

Naval Aircrew Candidate School (NACCS)

NACCS of NAS Pensacola, Florida, trains and evaluates AW students in basic flight physiology and water survival. The course includes low-pressure hypobaric chamber training, night vision evaluations, multi-station spatial disorientation device (also known as the "spin and puke") training, and aircraft emergency water egress device. The curriculum also includes advanced first aid and CPR and physical training with road runs up to 2-4 miles and one-mile swims.

AW “A” School

Naval Air Technical Training Center (NATTC) provides the student a basic introduction to all the fields the student must be well versed in to operate in their prospective platform. Active and passive electronic warfare, active and passive sonar. Reading sonargrams, magnetic anomaly detection equipment, physics, wave propagation, oceanography, meteorology and working with classified information are included in this phase of training.

Survival, evasion, resistance and escape (SERE)

This course is designed to provide Level "C" Code of Conduct training to pilots, flight officers, intelligence officers, aircrew, and other designated high risk of capture personnel as directed by respective TYCOMs/MCCDC in accordance with DOD Instruction 1300.21 and the Joint Personnel Recovery Agency (JPRA) executive agent instruction. Training encompasses those basic skills necessary for worldwide survival, facilitating search and rescue efforts, evading capture by hostile forces, resistance to interrogation, exploitation and indoctrination, and escape from detention by enemy forces in accordance with DOD Instruction 1300.21. It is based on and reinforces the values expressed in the code of conduct while maintaining an appropriate balance of sound educational methodology and realistic/stressful training scenarios.

Participation in SERE training requires certification of a current physical examination (within 1 year for aircrew) and completion of a medical screening form within 14 days of training by competent medical authority (i.e. flight surgeon, IDC). Students must report for training with medical and dental records or they will be dis-enrolled from the course. SERE training is physically demanding, therefore, students must comply with their own service's body fat standards and have successfully passed their most recent physical readiness test.

Fleet Replacement Aircrew Training (FRAC)

This phase of training immerses the student much further into training for their specific platform and specialty. Typically, the student will report to an East Coast or West Coast Fleet Replacement Squadron (FRS) to conduct training. Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures Standardization (NATOPS) and tactics are also introduced. After completion of training and reporting for duty in the fleet, they are required to complete “on the job training” lasting around six months before being recognized as fully qualified.

Position summaries

There are several platforms (fixed wing P-3 Orion and rotary wing SH-60 Seahawk aircraft, aircraft carriers, etc.) specialties and special certifications available within the rating. Additional training can be acquired to qualify rotary wing AWs as combat search and rescue swimmers. Below is a list of specialties within the rating.

Aviation Rescue Swimmer (AIRR)

File:US Navy 091117-N-9500T-165 Naval Aircrewman 2nd Class Bryan Vesce prepares to jump from an SH-60B Sea Hawk helicopter to rescue three men.jpg

AIRR getting ready to splash

(abbreviated as AWS/AWR)

These Aircrewman have successfully completed Rescue Swimmer School (RSS) along with the multiple schools in the training pipeline. According to multiple sources, the average pipeline graduation rate is 22%. Sailors who choose this career path need to possess above average maturity and the ability to stay calm in high stress situations. AIRR's are trained in advanced emergency medicine, rappelling, and various other skills other AW's will not receive. They share many similarities to Coast Guard Aviation Survival Technician's and Air Force Pararescuemen. They are often utilized in humanitarian, combat, and peacetime missions. On average, with both the pipline and required on the job training, it takes about two years to become a qualified AIRR. The Training Pipline is as follows:

File:US Navy 090505-N-9860Y-004 Naval Aircrewman 1st Class Chad Lewis, assigned to Naval Air Station Whidbey Island Search and Rescue, guides a Bellingham Mountain Rescue Council volunteer during hoist rescue operations training.jpg

AIRR performing a mountain rescue

1. Aircrew Candidate School (4 weeks)
2. Rescue Swimmer School (5 weeks)
3. "A" School (16 weeks for AWS, 18 weeks for AWR)
4. S.E.R.E. (2 weeks)
5. Fleet Replacement Squadrons (2-18 weeks at assigned Air Station)

AIRR Tactical Helicopter

(abbreviated as AWR)

AIRR's that fly in various versions of the SH-60. The jobs performed by AWR's varies depending on the model they fly in. Many of their missions involve locating submarines using radar & acoustics which has earned them the nickname "Subhunters". They also are used frequntly by Special Operations forces.

C-2A Loadmaster

These AWFs fly on the C-2A Greyhound, a carrier-based fixed-wing aircraft. They fly high priority passengers, cargo, and mail to and from aircraft carriers. Their designations as loadmasters start from FRAC school at VAW-120 in Norfolk, Virginia where they become transport second crewman. From there these AWs complete on the job training, their NAWS package, and a second crewman board to become carrier transport second crewman. And then finally completing more job specific qualifications to become a carrier transport crew chief. These AWF's are also highly skilled and qualified in the maintenance program and work hand and hand with their maintenance work centers to better improve their knowledge of the aircraft.

File:US Navy 090124-N-4750W-025 Aviation Warfare Systems Operator 3rd Class David Bellows, assigned to the.jpg

An AW performs maintenance on a .50-caliber crew-served weapon aboard the aircraft carrier USS Dwight D. Eisenhower

Naval Aircrewman (operator)

(abbreviated as AWO, SS1, & SS2)
These AWs fly in a fixed wing, long range patrol aircraft. Currently the P-3 Orion is fulfilling this role, with the P-8 Poseidon planned to take over this mission starting in 2013. Acoustic sensor operators begin their career in the fleet after attending specialized training. They start as sensor operator 2, and after sufficient flight and related experience is acquired, advance to sensor operator 1 with their own crew. The job can be related to the civilian fields of machine condition monitoring, or predictive maintenance. The AW is responsible for the analysis of all sensor data and must interpret this data in order to search for, localize and track, determine spatial orientation and vector, identify, assess condition of, establish attack parameters on a single, or multiple surface or subsurface contacts. These systems include but are not limited to passive sonar used to listen to underwater sounds, active sonar systems which can be used to pinpoint targets. They control the type and settings for the sonobuoys, underwater communication equipment for platform to platform communication, sensor system to fire control system data transfer and recording.

Naval Aircrewman (operator)

(abbreviated as AWO, SS3)

File:US Navy 041231-N-3122S-001 Aviation Warfare Systems Operators monitor the acoustic station during the flight of a P-3C Orion.jpg

Aviation warfare systems operators monitor the acoustic station during the flight of a P-3C Orion

Non-acoustic AWs, also known as "sensor 3s" or electronic warfare operators, (EWO's), currently fly in P-3 Orion aircraft, they will be transitioning to the P-8A Poseidon beginning in 2013. Non-acoustic AWs are responsible for operating the radar, electronic support measures system, electro-optical/infrared imaging devices and magnetic anomaly detection device aboard variants of the P-3 Orion. They acquire data necessary to identify surface or air contacts, and can also provide data to help search, localize, and track contacts of interest. SS3s aid in establishing attack parameters on a single, or multiple surface contact. Non-acoustic operators also work with the flight station and navigator to ensure safety-of-flight conditions are maintained.

Naval Aircrewman (operator)

(abbreviated as ASWMOD/ASWOC)
These AWs brief and debrief aircrews, filter through, organize, and relay intelligence collected during the mission in an aircraft carrier ASW module (ASMOD) or in a land-based ASW operations center (ASWOC). They coordinate ASW information-gathering throughout the battle group, operate various under-sea warfare and non-under-sea warfare related sensor systems to extract, analyze and classify data obtained; perform specified pre-flight, in-flight and post-flight operations in a multitude of naval aircraft serving anti-surface, USW, mine countermeasures, electronic, counter-narcotics, and land and sea rescue missions performance; operate tactical support center systems to analyze and classify USW and non-USW data; assist in aircrew briefing and debriefing; and provide data base information to the tactical commander for use in prescribing mission objectives and tactics.

Previous platforms

Past AW-crewed aircraft include aircraft carrier-based S-3 Viking and S-2 Tracker aircraft. They also flew in SH-3 Sea King and SH-2 Seasprite helicopters and P-2 Neptune patrol aircraft.

Roots of the rating

The "naval aircrewman" rating was once called the "aviation warfare systems operator" and was originally the "aviation anti-submarine warfare operator" rate, created on September 1, 1968 by BUPERS Note 1440 of 29 Feb 1968. It was re-designated "naval aircrewman" by the NEOCS package without change of abbreviation in 2008.

See also

• List of United States Navy ratings

References

United States Naval Aviation 1910–1995, Appendix 14, Aviation Ratings Naval Historical Center http://www.navytimes.com/news/2008/05/navy_aircrewrating_052708w/