Mount Vernon Hotel Museum

Mount Vernon Hotel Museum and Garden
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. National Historic Landmark
Location	421 East 61st Street, Manhattan, New York City, New York, USA
Coordinates
Built	1799
Architectural style	Vernacular Architecture
NRHP Reference #	73001223
Added to NRHP	January 12, 1973

The Mount Vernon Hotel Museum & Garden, formerly the Abigail Adams Smith Museum, is a historic antebellum residential building at 421 East 61st Street, near the East River, in New York City. It is open to the public.

History

File:View of E. 61st St., c. 1850.jpg

View of E. 61st St., c. 1850. Note: The Mount Vernon Hotel is the yellow building on the north side of the street in the far background of the painting. Courtesy of the Mount Vernon Hotel Museum & Garden Collection 2013

One of only eight surviving pre-1800 buildings in Manhattan, the hotel was originally built as a carriage house and stable in 1799 for a nearby estate. Owner Joseph Coleman Hart converted it into a hotel in 1826. The Mount Vernon Hotel operated in a city experiencing huge commercial growth after the opening of the Erie Canal. Its location offered guests a respite from the dirt, noise, and bustle of city life. In the 1830s, the commercial shipping and business districts of New York City lay below City Hall, while private residences extended as far north as modern-day Chelsea, and it was common for upper- and middle-class residents and visitors to take day trips to the then-rural setting that is now midtown Manhattan. One of over 50 day hotels in or near New York City, the Mount Vernon attracted middle-class guests with leisure activities like boating trips, unusual exhibitions, reading, and making new friends. In a city without public parks or public libraries, these day hotels offered “gentlemen and their families” and other guests new ways to have fun. They could escape the explosive growth of New York City's population and the ensuing urbanization (the population of New York City, 123,706 in 1820, had grown to 202,589 by 1830) and spend a quiet day near the river and be home downtown by sunset.

Frances Trollope and James Stuart, a Scottish diarist, are two foreign travelers who visited New York City during the time when the Mount Vernon Hotel operated under J.C. Hart. Stuart recorded his 1829 stay at the Mount Vernon Hotel in his Three Years in North America (1833):

"We immediately set about obtaining a comfortable lodging-house in the neighbourhood of the city, and at length pitched our tent at Mount Vernon, about four miles from New York, on the East River or Long Island Sound, a good house in an airy situation, from the door of which a stage went to New York two or three times a-day. The house is placed upon the top of the bank, about fifty feet from the river; and the view of the river and of the gay sailing craft constantly passing, and tossed about by the eddies in every direction, is very interesting. The house in which we got rooms is kept by the stage-hirer, and is much resorted to in the afternoon by persons taking their evening ride or drive from New York; it being very much the custom to stop at such a house as this, and have a little spirits and water or lemonade. There was a course for trotting horses in an adjoining field, which tended to increase the number of people. We bargained from the beginning to have our meals in our own parlour, and had many pleasant walks for exercise in the neighbouring parts of the island of Manhattan, at times when they were free from the crowds of people who come out of the city in the evenings."

The Mount Verson Hotel operated until 1833 and later became a private residence. The Colonial Dames of America purchased the site in 1924 and in 1939 opened it to the public as the Abigail Adams Smith Museum. (Abigail Adams Smith and her husband William had owned the property briefly in 1795 but did not live on site.) The planting plan for the Abigail Adams Smith Museum was by New York landscape designer Alice Recknagel Ireys.

Current management

The museum is currently owned and operated by the Colonial Dames of America.

Public programs

The museum tells the story of New York City’s tremendous period of growth following the completion of the Erie Canal in 1825, one year before the Mount Vernon Hotel opened. Tours, public programs and other educational programs are offered. The museum is open to the public 11 am to 4 pm Tuesday through Sunday for interpreter-led tours of the period rooms and garden. The museum provides school field trips and hosts an average of 35 programs throughout the year, including monthly Lunchtime Lectures, Children's Storytime, summer concerts, and History Weeks for school-aged children. Annual events include the George Washington’s Birthday Ball, Halloween Murder Mystery, and Candlelight Holiday Tours.

Ongoing research

Each summer, Hearst Fellows conduct original research on aspects of New York history and daily life, including trade, travel, leisure, education, urban development, popular music, and gender and race relationships of the 1820s-30s.

See also

• The Octagon
• Merchant’s House Museum
• South Street Seaport
• Fulton Fish Market
• New York City Hall
• Castle Clinton

External links

• Official Site
• Museum Listing on ny.com