Measles virus encoding the human thyroidal sodium iodide symporter (MV-NIS)
Measles virus encoding the human thyroidal sodium iodide symporter or MV-NIS is an attenuated oncolytic Edmonston (Ed) strain of measles virus.[1][2][3]
MV-NIS will attach and fuse to host tumor cell membranes. After fusion, MV-NIS has been observed to kill the tumor cells. Due to the unique properties of iodine uptake in these cells, iodine 123 (I-123) may be used to image MV-NIS-infected tumor cells. Non-invasive imaging provides confirmation of targeted infection and allows for monitoring and visualization of treatment progression.
The human CD46 antigen is known to be the functional cellular receptor for Measles virus.[4] This type 1 integral membrane glycoprotein is a normal part of human tissue but may be overexpressed on some cancer cell types.[2]
MV-NIS is the first targeted engineered virus therapy to have shown remission in published cancer clinical trials.[2][5]
PET/CT Imaging
A few days after infection, the host animal may be injected with radioiodine which is then selectively captured by infected cells and tumors. Detailed images may then be created showing the location of these infections and the target sites for tumor reduction monitoring.[6]
In the mouse model, non-invasive imaging and selective uptake have assisted in evidence for selective prostate cancer treatment.[7]
This imaging technique is an improvement over initial efforts to engineer a Measles virus to carry the soluble marker human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The resultant strain, MV-CEA, could only be monitored by blood test which is not specific to areas of treatment.[8]
See also
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
Cite error: Invalid <references> tag; parameter "group" is allowed only.
<references />, or <references group="..." />External links
- Remission of Disseminated Cancer After Systemic Oncolytic Virotherapy
- Active clinical trials for MV-NIS, National Cancer Institute
- Disseminated multiple myeloma with oncolytic measles virus discussion on Columbia University Professor Vincent Racaniello's "This week in virology" podcast.
- Preclinical Pharmacology and Toxicology of Intravenous MV-NIS, an Oncolytic Measles Virus Administered With or Without Cyclophosphamide
- Oncolytic measles virus encoding thyroidal sodium iodide symporter for squamous cell cancer of the head and neck radiovirotherapy.
- Publications of Steven J. Russell
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
