List of mills in Manchester
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
This is a list of the cotton and other textile mills in Manchester, England.
Mills
Name | Owners | Location | Built | Demolished | Served (Years) |
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Albany Works | SD 882 007 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Albert Mill | SJ 875 941 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Albion Mill | Pollard Street, Ancoats Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
File:New Islington, new bridge - geograph.org.uk - 129481.jpg | Notes: J. and J. L. Gray John Hetherington & Sons [2] |
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Alexandre Works | SD 855 022 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Anchor Works | SD 845 013 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Aquatite Mills | SJ 839 999 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Ashenhurst Works | Blackley SD 847 030 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891- W. D. Ryde, Sons and Co, silk weavers [1] | |||||
Ashleigh Mills | SD 847 012 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Atlantic Works | SD838 000 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Atlas Mills | SJ876 942 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Bank of England Mills | SJ 857 984 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Beehive Mill | Jersey Street, Ancoats SJ850987 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1824 | 200 | ||
Notes: Grade II* listed building [3] Built as Room and Power mill |
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Bengal Street Block | SJ 851 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1848 | 176 | ||
File:Bengal Street (geograph 4795187).jpg | Notes: 1848- extension of Beehive Mill 1861- Part rebuilt after fire 1891-C. E. Bennett and Co, together with Union Mill, 16,000 spindles 2005-Destroyed by fire [6] |
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Beswick Street Mills | SJ858 985 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
File:Ashton-under-Lyne Canal, 1990.jpg | Notes: 1891-Peter Joynson and Co (silk and fancy dress goods), 500 looms [1] | ||||
Beswick | Bradford Street SJ863 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Big Cotton Mill | SJ 876 942 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Bowker Bank Print Works | SD847 030 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-John F. Hill and Co, calico printers [1] | |||||
Bradford Mill | SJ872 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Bradford Road Mill | SJ857 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Bridge Mill | SJ856 985 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Broom House | SJ882 940 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1][4] | ||||
Brownsfield Mill | Binns Place, Gt Ancoats St, Ancoats SJ849 984 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | c.1825 | |||
File:Brownsfield Mill, Ancoats - geograph.org.uk - 715343.jpg | Notes: Grade II* listed building [8] (Room and power) on Great Ancoats Street, Seven storeys L-shaped formation. In 1910, Verdon Roe established the AV Roe Company manufacturing aeroplanes.[9] |
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Brunswick Mill | Bradford Road, Ancoats SJ859 987 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1840 | 184 | ||
File:Brunswick Mill, Bradford Road, Manchester (geograph 2818450).jpg | Notes: Grade II listed building [10] Adjacent to the Ashton Canal, it had seven storeys. 35 bays faced directly onto the canal, four storey block completing the courtyard with entrance on Bradford Road. It was built by builder David Bellhouse. In the 1850s it had some 276 carding machines, and 77,000 mule spindles. In 1891, owned by Bannerman Mills Co, Limited, it had 73,000 spindles. [4][11] |
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Cambridge Street India Rubber Works | Hugh Birley | Cambridge Street, Chorlton-on-Medlock SJ837974 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1900s | ||
File:Cambridge Street India Rubber Works-Geograph-3790999.jpg | Notes: Grade II listed building [12] Owned by Charles Macintosh & Company who produced rubberised waterproofs. The word mackintosh became the generic term for waterproof overcoats [1][4] |
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Chain Bar Mill | SD882031 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[1] | ||||
Chapeltown Street Mill | SJ851980 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
File:Chapeltown Street Mills - geograph.org.uk - 715456.jpg | Notes: [1] | ||||
Chatham Mill Runcorn's Mill |
Chester Street, Chorlton-on-Medlock SJ840973 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1820 | 204 | ||
File:Runcorn's Chatham Mill, Chester Street, Chorlton on Medlock - geograph.org.uk - 712979.jpg | Notes: Grade II listed building [13] Built 1820 with an adjoining 1823 built warehouse at right angles. 6 storeys. The mill has wooden floors (not fireproof) but the warehouse has iron columns. There is a truncated chimney at the back. [1][4] |
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Chatsworth Mill | SJ882 961 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Robert Williams, finisher, dresser, waterer, embosser, etc[1] | |||||
Chepstow Street Mill | Oxford Street SJ838978 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1813-20 | 1990 | ||
Notes: 1891-Wadkin and King, together with Springfields Mill, Salford, 30,000 spindles [14] | |||||
Chorlton Mill complex | Birley family | Little Ireland Chorlton-on-Medlock SJ838 974 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | |||
Notes: Most of the site is under the Manchester Metropolitan University buildings. Chorlton Old Mill rebuilt 1866 Chorlton New Mill 1814, 1818, 1845 Marsland Mill[1][4] |
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Chorlton New Mills | Birley family | Cambridge Street, Chorlton-on-Medlock SJ838 974 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1813 | 211 | |
Notes: Grade II listed building Part of Chorlton Mill complex [15] Cotton spinning mill, afterwards partially used as rubber processing works. Built 1813, extended in 1818 and 1845, with chimney dated 1853. Developed by a partnership which also operated the nearby Chorlton Old Mill and other mills on Oxford Road which are no longer standing. By 1838 they were in partnership with Charles Macintosh who was making rubberised cloth at the nearby Cambridge Street rubber works site. [16] |
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Chorlton Old Mill Cambridge Mill |
Birley family | Cambridge Street, Chorlton-on-Medlock SJ839 973 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1866 | 158 | |
File:Cambridge Mill and Chorlton New Mill - geograph.org.uk - 712877.jpg | Notes: Grade II listed building [17] Part of Chorlton Mill complex Earlier mill built in 1795 managed by Robert Owen, considerably extended c.1810, and then largely rebuilt in 1866. Converted to accommodation in 1993.[7] |
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Chorlton Twist Mill | Cambridge Street, Chorlton-on-Medlock SJ842 973 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1795 | 1866 | 71 | |
Notes: built 1795 for Robert Owen and partners. Rebuilt 1866 as Chorlton Old Mill[7] | |||||
City Corn Mill | SJ851 987 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Clayton Works | SJ879 984 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Collyhurst Works | Collyhurst SJ849 998 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Crumpsall Mill | Factory Lane, Harpurhey SD855 021 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Crumpsall Mill Co, 40,000 spindles and 300 looms [7] | |||||
Culcheth Lane Mill | SD884001 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891- Robinson and Trevor, 130 looms [7] | |||||
Daisy Bank Mill | SD887002 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Alexander Bedell and Co, 236 looms[7] | |||||
Decker Mill | Murray Mills | Redhill Street, Ancoats SJ 851 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1799 | 225 | |
Notes: Grade II* listed building (with Old Mill) [18] Part of Murray Mills complex[6] |
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Doubling Mill see Waulk Mill |
Ancoats , SJ 851 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[19] | ||||
Drinkwater's Mill See Piccadilly Mill |
SJ 845 979 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Fireproof Mill see Waulk Mill |
Ancoats , SJ 851 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Garratt Mill | SJ 843 975 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[19] | ||||
Gorebrook Works | SJ 875 956 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Gorton Wadding Works | SJ891 966 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Great Bridgewater Street Mills | Great Bridgewater St , SJ837 975 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Great Marlborough Street Mills | SJ840 974 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Hanover Mill | Berry Street SJ 849 976 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Hanover Mill Co, [7] | |||||
Harpurhey Dyeworks | Harpurhey SD854 014 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Harpurhey Printing Co, bleachers, dyers, finishers and calico printers [7] | |||||
Havelock Mills | SJ 837 975 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Greenough, Occleston and Co, smallware [7] | |||||
Heaton Mills | Blackley SD 844 046 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Whittaker and Harwood, silk and cotton yarn dyers[7] | |||||
Holt Town Works | SJ 862 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Hope Mills | Pollard Street, Ancoats SJ 857 985 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: Grade II* listed building [20] Built 1824 for Joseph Clarke and Sons, with later 19th and 20th century additions and alterations. 1891-John Jackson Junior, 2000 spindles 20th century-John Hetherington and Sons, textile machine makers [7] |
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Jackson Street Mills | SJ847 976 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
File:Manchester University Mill Building.jpg | Notes: 1891-Jackson Street Spinning Co, 85,000 spindles [7] | ||||
Knutsford Vale Works | SJ875 956 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Levenshulme Works | SJ 883 946 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Thomas Boyd and Co, calico and muslin printers [7] | |||||
Little Green Works | Collyhurst Road, Collyhurst SD 849 001 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-John Walton, Little Green Dye Works, dyer and finisher [7] | |||||
Little Mill | Murray Mills | Jersey Street, Ancoats SJ 851 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1908 | 116 | |
File:Little Mill.jpg | Notes: Grade II listed building [21] Part of Murray Mills complex Built in 1908 on site of earlier mill (c.1820). Earliest mill in Greater Manchester built to use mains electricity as principal power source. [19] |
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Lloydsfield Mill | Miles Platting SJ 856 991 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
File:Lloydsfield Mill - geograph.org.uk - 904906.jpg | Notes: [19] | ||||
Macintosh's Mill see:Cambridge Street India Rubber Works |
Chorlton-on-Medlock | 1837 | 187 | ||
McConnel and Kennedy Mills complex | Redhill Street, Ancoats | ||||
Notes: Royal Mill 1797 Sedgewick Mill, 1818–1820 Sedgewick New Mill 1912 Paragon Mill 1912, 8 storey. Worlds tallest cast iron structure when built. Alexis de Tocqueville, described Redhill Street Mill in 1835 as "a place where some 1500 workers, labouring 69 hours a week, with an average wage of 11 shillings, and where three-quarters of the workers are women and children". It was the biggest mill in the Manchester region. Further buildings were added in 1868 and 1912. In 1891 McConnel and Co, Limited had 130,000 spindles[4][22] |
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Marslands Mill | Cambridge St/Chester St, Chorlton SJ 840 973 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
File:Marslands and Chorlton Old Mills, Cambridge Street, Manchester (geograph 3699127).jpg | Notes: Part of Chorlton Mill complex Grade II listed building [23][7] |
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Medlock Mill | SJ 838 973 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Monsall Mills | Newton Heath SD 863 009 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-William Hall and Co, yarn dyers, printers, winders, warpers and bleachers [7] | |||||
Moston Mill | Moston SD 885 027 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Samuel Barlow and Co Ltd, yarn dyers and printers[7] | |||||
Murrays' Mills complex | Murray Street, Ancoats | ||||
Notes: Old Mill 1798 Decker Mill 1799 New Mill 1802 Murray Street Block 1804 Doubling/Fireproof Mill 1842 Little Mill (rebuilt) 1908 1891-A. and G. Murray Limited, 100,000 spindles [24] |
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Murray Street Block | SJ 851 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1804 | 220 | ||
Notes: [6] | |||||
New Mill | Murray Mills | Jersey Street, Ancoats SJ 851 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1802 | 222 | |
Notes: Grade II listed building [25] Part of Murray Mills complex[6] |
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New Old Mill see Royal Mill |
McConnel and Kennedy Mills | Ancoats , SJ 850 985 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[4][7] | 1912 | 112 | |
Newton Silk Mill | Holyoak Street, Newton Heath SD 882 007 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1832 | 192 | ||
File:Newton Silk Mill (geograph 3155288).jpg | Notes: Grade II listed building [26] Now office accommodation [7] |
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Old Mill | Murray Mills | Redhill Street, Ancoats SJ 851 986 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1798 | 226 | |
Notes: Grade II* listed building (with Decker Mill) [27] Part of Murray Mills complex [6] |
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Old Mill, Henry Street | McConnel and Kennedy Mills SJ 849 985 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1798 | 226 | ||
Notes: Built for James McConnel and John Kennedy With 8 floors and an area of 650 square yards. Gas lighting was installed in 1809 by Boulton & Watt. By 1811, with a downturn in trade the firm of McConnel & Kennedy went bankrupt (to re-emerge later Rebuilt in 1912 as the New Old Mill (later Royal Mill) [4][7] |
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Paragon Mill | McConnel and Kennedy Mills | Ancoats SJ 849 985 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1912 | 112 | |
Notes: Part of McConnel and Kennedy Mills complex Grade II* listed building [28][22] |
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Phoenix Mill | Piercy street, Ancoats SJ 855 984 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: (Room and Power) Doubling 1891-W. Richardson, 5000 spindles and William Wild and Son, 6,000 spindles [7][29] |
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Piccadilly Mill aka Drinkwater's Mill |
SJ 845 979 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1780s | |||
Notes: Built at Bank Top, Piccadilly in the late 1780s by Peter Drinkwater and managed in the 1790s by Robert Owen, this cotton mill was the first in Manchester to use a stationary steam engine made by Boulton and Watt. Isaac Perrins was involved in the installation of this.[30] [7] | |||||
Pin Mill | Fairfield Street, Ardwick SJ 856 976 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-John H. Gartside and Co, Limited, 905 looms [7] | |||||
Redhill Street Mills |
McConnel and Kennedy Mills | Ancoats, SJ850985 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[4] | 1818 | 206 | |
Reservoir Mill | Beswick SJ 865 987 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Richard Johnson, 240 looms [7] | |||||
Rhodes Mill | SJ 857 984 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Royal Mill | McConnel and Kennedy Mills | Redhill St, Ancoats SJ 849 985 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1912 | 112 | |
File:Mills at Ancoats - geograph.org.uk - 715425.jpg | Notes: Grade II* listed building [31] Part of McConnel and Kennedy Mills complex Renamed from New Old Mill after visit from HM King George, 19 November 1942. [22] |
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Salvin's Factory | Ancoats , SJ 852 984 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | c1788 | |||
Sedgwick Mill | McConnel and Kennedy Mills | Redhill Street, Ancoats SJ 850 985 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1818 | 206 | |
File:Royal and Sedgwick Mills - geograph.org.uk - 715451.jpg | Notes: Grade II listed building [32] Part of McConnel and Kennedy Mills complex Designed by James Lowe 8 storey, 17 bay. [4][22] |
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Sedgwick New Mill | McConnel and Kennedy Mills | Redhill Street, Ancoats SJ850985 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1912 | 112 | |
Notes: Grade II listed building [33] Part of McConnel and Kennedy Mills complex[34]> |
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Shudehill Mill | Shudehill SJ844989 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | 1782 | 1940 | 158 | |
Notes: 1940-Destroyed by bombing | |||||
Smedley Vale Dye Works | SD850011 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-James Ashworth [7][29] | |||||
Smedley Works | SD850 012 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Soho Iron Works Site | SJ 855 983 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: A manufacturer and supplier of mill machinery, spindles and other goods to the textiles industries. The Soho Factory had many specialist manufactures within its 100 yard frontage, including machinery makers, spindle makers and calico printing machinery makers. They also supplied the dyeing, bleaching and local chemical industries, with goods and parts.[4][7] | |||||
Spectator Mill | Spectator Street, Beswick | ||||
Notes: Grade II listed building[35] Silk Mill, built early to mid 19th century |
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Supreme Mills | SJ 852987 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Talbot Mill | SJ 827974 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-J. and E. Waters and Co [7] | |||||
Ten Acres Mill | SD873 003 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Tootal, Broadhurst and Lee Co, Ltd, 930 looms [7] | |||||
Thistle Mill | Harpurhey SD855 021 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-J. Paterson and Co, 245 looms [7] | |||||
Union Mill | SJ861 988 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-C. E. Bennett and Co, together with Bengal Mill, 16,000 spindles [7] | |||||
Victoria Mill | William Holland | Lower Vickers Street, Miles Platting SJ 859 993 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1867, 1873 | ||
Notes: Grade II* listed building [36] Alongside the Rochdale Canal and Varley Street, Victoria Mill was constructed for William Holland, of the Adelphi Mill, Salford. It was designed by George Woodhouse of Bolton. It was a six storey double mill with shared engine house. It had an octagonal chimney. In 1891, still owned by William Holland and Sons it had 170,000 spindles. It was worked to the 1960s, and has now been converted into office space and residential.[4][7] |
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Victoria Mills | Ancoats , SJ 856 985 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Waterside Works | SD 839 034 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
Waulk Mill aka Doubling Mill/Fireproof Mill |
Murray Mills | Redhill Street, Ancoats SJ 861 988 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1842 | 182 | |
Notes: Grade II* listed building [37] Part of Murrays' Mills complex [7] |
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Wellington Mill | Pollard Street, Ancoats SJ 859 987 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Bazley Brothers, 47,350 spindles [7] | |||||
Wellington Mill | Newton Heath SD 866 003 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||||
Notes: 1891-Joseph Holt and Sons, 334 looms [7] | |||||
Wellington Mills | Bridgewater Street, Castlefield SJ 832 976 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1912 | 112 | ||
File:Castlefield, Wellington Mills (geograph 4919307).jpg | Notes: [7] | ||||
York Mill | SJ 845 983 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[7] | ||||
See also
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 191
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 Manchester 2000
- ↑ Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 151
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 160
- ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 7.23 7.24 7.25 7.26 7.27 7.28 7.29 7.30 7.31 7.32 7.33 7.34 7.35 7.36 7.37 7.38 7.39 7.40 7.41 7.42 7.43 7.44 7.45 7.46 7.47 7.48 7.49 7.50 7.51 7.52 7.53 7.54 Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 192
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 153
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 154
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 156
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 158
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 162
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 164
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 159
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 Grace
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Williams & Farnie 1992, p. 165
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Bibliography
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.