Demographics of El Salvador

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File:El Salvador single age population pyramid 2020.png
El Salvador population pyramid in 2020

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Demographics of El Salvador
Population 6,408,111
Male population 3,128,267
Female population 3,351,248
Population growth 1.68%
Birth rate 25.72/1,000
Death rate 5.53/1,000
Infant mortality rate 22.19/1,000
Life expectancy 73.44 years[1]
File:FMSC - El Salvador (35158013945).jpg
Salvadoran boy

This article is about the demographic features of the population of El Salvador, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

El Salvador's population numbers 6.1 million. Ethnically, 86.3% of Salvadorans are mixed (mixed Native Salvadoran and European (mostly Spanish) origin). Another 12.7% is of pure European descent, 1% are of pure indigenous descent, 0.16% are black and others are 0.64%.[2]

Population

File:El Salvador population.svg
El Salvador's population, 1961-2015

El Salvador's population was 6,344,722 in 2016,[3] compared to 2,200,000 in 1950. In 2010 the percentage of the population below the age of 15 was 32.1%, 61% were between 15 and 65 years of age, while 6.9% were 65 years or older.[4]

Year Total population Proportion per age group
Ages 0–14 (%) Ages 15–64 (%) Ages 65+ (%)
1950 2 200 000 42.7 53.3 4.0
1955 2 433 000 43.6 52.6 3.8
1960 2 773 000 45.1 51.1 3.7
1965 3 244 000 46.3 50.1 3.7
1970 3 736 000 46.4 49.9 3.6
1975 4 232 000 45.8 50.5 3.7
1980 4 661 000 45.2 50.9 3.9
1985 5 004 000 44.1 51.8 4.2
1990 5 344 000 41.7 53.7 4.6
1995 5 748 000 39.6 55.5 4.9
2000 5 888 000 36.6 57.9 5.5
2005 6 052 000 34.8 58.9 6.3
2010 6 184 000 31.6 61.3 7.1
2015 6 325 000 28.4 63.9 7.8
2020 6 486 000 26.6 64.8 8.7

Emigration

The migration rate accelerated during the period of 1979 to 1981, this marked the beginning of the civil unrest and the spread of political killings.[5] The total impact of civil wars, dictatorships and socioeconomics drove over a million Salvadorans (both as immigrants and refugees) into the United States; Guatemala is the second country that hosts more Salvadorans behind the United States, approximately 110,000 Salvadorans according to the national census of 2010.[6] in addition small Salvadoran communities sprung up in Canada, Australia, Belize, Panama, Costa Rica, Italy, Taiwan and Sweden since the migration trend began in the early 1970s.[7] The 2010 U.S. Census counted 1,648,968 Salvadorans in the United States, up from 655,165 in 2000.[8]

Ethnic groups

Out of the 6,408,111 people in El Salvador, 86.3% are Mestizo, 12.7% are European, 1% Indigenous, 0.8% Afro-Salvadorans, and 0.64% other.

Mestizo Salvadorans

  • Salvadoran children from Metapan

86.3% of the population are Mestizo, having mixed indigenous and European ancestry.[9] Historical evidence and census supports the explanation of "strong sexual asymmetry"[clarification needed], as a result of a strong bias favoring matings between European males and Native Salvadoran females, and to statistically significant indigenous male mortality during the Conquest. The genetics thus suggests the native men were sharply reduced in numbers due to the war and disease. Large numbers of Spaniard men settled in the region and had children with the local women. The Natives were forced to adopt Spanish names, language, and religion, and in this way, the Lencas and Pipil women and children were Hispanicized. A vast majority over 90% of Salvadorans are Mestizo/Native Salvadoran.[citation needed]

Indigenous Salvadorans

  • Familia de indigenas "Izalcos" en Sonsonate.jpg

    Indigenous izalco family in Sonsonate

  • Las Palmas estampa.JPG

    Indigenous Salvadoran woman from Panchimalco

  • EGRZ4IjX0AAka8Y.jpg

    Salvadoran school children singing national anthem

File:NATIVE AMERICAN INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF EL SALVADOR IN CENTRAL AMERICA ISTHMUS.png
Map of El Salvador's Native American civilizations and their former kingdoms:
  Kingdom of the Lenca people
  Kingdom of the Cacaopera people
  Kingdom of the Xinca people
  Kingdom Maya Poqomam people
  Kingdom of Maya Ch'orti' people
  Kingdom of the Alaguilac people
  Kingdom of the Mixe people
  Kingdom of the Mangue language
  Kingdom of the Pipil people

According to the Salvadoran Government, about 1% of the population are of full or partial indigenous origin. The largest most dominant Native Salvadoran groups in El Salvador are the Lenca people and Pipil people followed by small enclaves of Maya peoples: (Poqomam people/Chorti people), Cacaopera people, Xinca people, Alaguilac people, Mixe people, Mangue language people, as well as an Olmec past. (Pipil, located in the west and central part of the country, and Lenca, found east of the Lempa River). There are small populations of Cacaopera people in the Morazán Department and a few Ch'orti' people live in the department of Ahuachapán, near the border of Guatemala.

The number of indigenous people in El Salvador have been criticized by indigenous organizations and academics as too small and accuse the government of denying the existence of indigenous Salvadorans in the country.[10] According to the National Salvadoran Indigenous Coordination Council (CCNIS) and CONCULTURA (National Council for Art and Culture at the Ministry of Education ), approximately 70,000 or 1 per cent of Salvadorian peoples are indigenous.[11] Nonetheless, very few Amerindians have retained their customs and traditions, having over time assimilated into the dominant Mestizo/Spanish culture. The low numbers of indigenous people may be partly explained by historically high rates of old-world diseases, absorption into the Mestizo population, as well as mass murder during the 1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising (or La Matanza) which saw (estimates of) up to 30,000 peasants killed in a short period of time. Many authors note that since La Matanza the indigenous in El Salvador have been very reluctant to describe themselves as such (in census declarations for example) or to wear indigenous dress or be seen to be taking part in any cultural activities or customs that might be understood as indigenous.[12] Departments and cities in the country with notable indigenous populations include Sonsonate (especially Izalco, Nahuizalco, and Santo Domingo), Cacaopera, and Panchimalco, in the department of San Salvador.[11]

Afro-Salvadorans

Salvadoran boy in La Unión, El Salvador

Afro-Salvadorans are the descendants of the African population that were enslaved and shipped to El Salvador to work in mines in specific regions of El Salvador. They have mixed into and were naturally bred out by the general Mestizo population, which is a combination of a Mestizo majority and the minority of African descendants, both of whom are racially mixed populations. Thus, there remains no significant extremes of African physiognomy among Salvadorans like there is in the other countries of Central America. A total of only 10,000 African slaves were brought to El Salvador over the span of 75 years, starting around 1548, about 25 years after El Salvador's colonization. El Salvador is the only country in Central America that does not have English Antillean (West Indian) or Garifuna populations of the Caribbean, but instead had older colonial African slaves that came straight from Africa. This is the reason why El Salvador is the only country in Central America not to have a caribbeanized culture, and instead preserved its classical Central America culture.[13][14][15][16][17][18]

White Salvadorans

  • Salarue y su madre.jpg

    Salarrué and his mother. Salarrué was an important Salvadoran writer, poet, and painter. Of Spanish descent, his father Alejandro Arrué Jimenez came to El Salvador from the Basque Country

  • Salvador y familia Salvador Llort.jpg

    Salvador Llort Choussy and his family. Salvador Llort and his brother Fernando Llort were artists, painters and sculpturists who are noted for their contribution in modern Salvadoran art often dubbed "El Salvador's National Artist"

  • Pedro de Alvarado (Tomás Povedano).jpg

    Conquistador Pedro de Alvarado and his army first entered territories of what is now El Salvador in 1524, founding the city of San Salvador in 1525.

Spaniards began to settle in El Salvador in the mid 1520's. Some 12.7% of Salvadorans are white[19].This population is made up of those of Spanish origin, while there are also Salvadorans of French, German, Swiss, English, Irish, and Italian descent. A majority of Central European settlers in El Salvador arrived during World War II as refugees from the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Switzerland with many settling in the region that is now Chalatenango in the late 18th century.[20] In 1789, Francisco Luis Héctor de Carondelet was named governor of El Salvador. Because the local indigenous population working in the indigo industry had declined greatly, Carondolet recruited Spanish laborers from northern Spain to settle in El Salvador. In 1790, Francisco Luis Héctor de Carondelet, ordered families from the north of Spain (Galicia, Asturias, the Basque Country, Cantabria and Navarra) to settle in the area to compensate for the lack of indigenous people to work the land; Important settlements of these Spaniards were the Northern and Center parts of El Salvador. Their descendants are among the blonde and fair-skinned people of today's Chalatenango Department.[21]

During 1880 to 1920, El Salvador had its Migratory Peak of Immigrants from Europe and the Middle East, but also some Hispanics, Asians and North Americans, when more than 120,000 arrived in El Salvador, the demographic weight was unprecedented, in 1880 the Population was of 480,000 inhabitants and by 1920 it was already 1,170,000. the main groups were the Spanish, Italians, Germans and some French, Polish and British[22][23][24][25]

Jewish Salvadorans

There is a small community of Jews who came to El Salvador from France, Germany, Morocco, Tunisia, and Turkey. Some Jews also arrived as World War II Ashkenazi refugees.[26]

Since colonial times, there is a record of Jews in Latin America, in El Salvador there is a record of several Jewish immigrations from Portugal, after the independence of El Salvador, it is believed that the first Jewish immigrant was Bernardo Haas, born in Alsace. Subsequently, the first documented German Jew arrived in the country in 1888, according to scholar Jessica Alpert. France and Central Europe were the main countries of origin of this contemporary Jewish migration, the majority were Ashkenazi and Sephardic, they stayed permanently in El Salvador.[27][28]

The immigration laws of El Salvador were very free between 1821 to 1930, however they changed after 1930, but these strict laws culminated in 1940, during the Second World War several Ashkenazi Jewish refugees arrived mainly from Hungary, Germany, Poland, Switzerland, Slovakia and France, giving them several documents of Salvadoran nationality.[29][30][31][32]

At present the Jewish community in El Salvador is quite small, however there are a considerable number of descendants and they have stood out in society, as are several businessmen and politicians of Jewish origin, such as Ernesto Muyshondt and Gabriela Rodríguez de Bukele

Arab Salvadorans

  • Arabelsalvador.png

    Arab Salvadorans include Palestinian Salvadoran, Lebanese Salvadoran, Syrian Salvadoran and Egyptian Salvadoran.

There is a significant Arab population (of about 100,000);[33] mostly from Palestine (especially from the area of Bethlehem), but also from Lebanon. Salvadorans of Palestinian descent numbered around 70,000 individuals, while Salvadorans of Lebanese descent is around 25,000.[34]

The history of the Arabs in El Salvador dates back to the end of the 19th century, when religious clashes induced many Palestinians, Lebanese, Egyptians and Syrians to leave the land where they were born in search of countries where they could live in relative peace. There were also economic factors that contributed to immigration from the Middle East; many immigrants felt they could achieve success abroad on a level they couldn't in their native lands.

The first wave of Arab migration to El Salvador began between 1880 and 1920, amidst a large scale influx of immigrants to the country. These Arabs settled in the cities of San Salvador, San Miguel, Santa Ana, Santa Tecla, Usulutan and La Union.[35] The population of El Salvador increased from 482,400 in 1879 to 1,168,000 in 1920, with immigration, including immigration from the late Ottoman Empire, substantially driving growth.

Arab immigration in El Salvador began at the end of the 19th century in the wake of the repressive policies applied by the Ottoman Empire against Maronite Catholics. Several of the destinations that the Lebanese chose at that time were in countries of the Americas, including El Salvador. This resulted in the Arab diaspora residents being characterized by forging in devoutly Christian families and very attached to their beliefs, because in these countries they can exercise their faith without fear of persecution, which resulted in the rise of Lebanese-Salvadoran, Syrian-Salvadoran and Palestinian-Salvadoran communities in El Salvador.[36]

Currently, the Palestinian community forms the largest Arab diaspora population in El Salvador, with 70,000 direct descendants, followed by the Lebanese community with more than 27,000 direct descendants. Both are almost entirely composed of Catholic and Orthodox Christians. The slaughter of Lebanese and Palestinian Arab Christians at the hands of Muslims initiated the first Arab migrations to El Salvador.[37]

Inter-ethnic marriage in the Lebanese community with Salvadorans, regardless of religious affiliation, is very high; most have only one father with Lebanese nationality and mother of Salvadoran nationality. As a result, some of them speak Arabic fluently. But most, especially among younger generations, speak Spanish as a first language and Arabic as a second.[38]

During the war between Israel and Lebanon in 1948 and during the Six Day War, thousands of Lebanese left their country and went to El Salvador. Many arrived at La Libertad, where they comprised half of the economic activity of immigrants.

Lebanon had been an iqta of the Ottoman Empire. Although the imperial administration, whose official religion was Islam, guaranteed freedom of worship for non-Muslim communities, and Lebanon in particular had a semi-autonomous status, the situation for practitioners of the Maronite Catholic Church was complicated, since they had to cancel exaggerated taxes and suffered limitations for their culture. These tensions were expressed in a rebellion in 1821 and a war against the Druze in 1860. The hostile climate caused many Lebanese to sell their property and take ships in the ports of Sidon, Beirut and Tripoli heading for the Americas.

Arab-Salvadoreans and their descendants have traditionally played an outsized role in El Salvador's economic and political life, with many becoming business leaders and noteworthyt political figures.

In 1939, the Arab community based in San Salvador organized and founded the "Arab Youth Union Society"[39]

Gallery

  • Salvadoran people
  • Lanzamiento de las Fuerzas Especailizadas de Reacción El Salvador, FES. (25942889043).jpg

    Salvadoran troops

  • Salvadoran cadets in the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador

  • Salvadoran men building class bench for children

  • Seleccion salvadoreña de beisbol.jpg

    Salvadoran baseball players

  • Casa Abierta-Familia Campesinas dueños de tierras. (25191777792).jpg

    Young Salvadoran man playing a guitar

  • Festival para el Buen Vivir y Gobernando con la Gente-San Vicente (24811592789).jpg

    Salvadoran women San Vicente, El Salvador

  • A U.S. Soldier, left, assigned to Joint Task Force Jaguar gives a dental screening to a boy during Beyond the Horizon (BTH) 2013 in Metalio, El Salvador, May 18, 2013 130518-A-IA672-087.jpg

    Salvadoran boy

  • 5o. Feria del Jocote-San Lorenzo, Ahuachapán. (25771696524).jpg

    Young Salvadoran women in Ahuachapan

  • Salvadoran model Irma Dimas from Sonsonate

  • PuertoLaLibertadSV.jpg

    Salvadoran boy in La Libertad, La Libertad

  • Festival para el Buen Vivir y Gobernando con la Gente-San Pedro Perulapán. (25439135320).jpg

    Salvadoran boy in San Pedro Perulapán

  • Festival para el Buen Vivir y Gobernando con la Gente-San Pedro Perulapán. (25740938735).jpg

    Salvadoran boys in San Pedro Perulapán

  • Festival para el Buen Vivir y Gobernando con la Gente-San Pedro Perulapán. (25440266500).jpg

    Salvadoran boys coloring, San Pedro Perulapán

  • Students give a dancing performance during a closing ceremony at Escuela de Educacion Parvularia Maria Luisa Marcia in La Union, El Salvador, Feb 110224-N-EC642-303.jpg

    Salvadoran children in La Unión, El Salvador

  • Festival para el Buen Vivir y Gobernando con la Gente-San Miguel (24858111335).jpg

    Young Salvadoran girls in San Miguel, El Salvador

  • Salvadoran boy during the civil war

  • Salvadoran boys during the civil war

  • Salvadoran girl during the civil war

  • Salvadoran girl during the civil war

  • Salvadoran boys and girls during the civil war

  • Salvadoran boys during the civil war

  • Salvadoran boys during the civil war

  • Salvadoran boys during the civil war

  • Mesa Grande refugee camp 1987 172.jpg

    Salvadoran boy during the civil war

  • Mesa Grande refugee camp 1987 075.jpg

    Salvadoran girls during the civil war

  • Salvadorans in Colima

  • Gobernando con la Gente Sonsonate 15 (23559501410).jpg

    Salvadoran boy

  • Festival para el Buen Vivir y Gobernando con la Gente-San Vicente (24525350194).jpg

    Salvadoran music group

  • Debut de la Compañia Infantil de Teatro La Colmenita de El Salvador. (24314705069).jpg

    Salvadoran women

  • Departamento de Morazán .jpg

    Salvadora men

  • FMSC Distribution Partner - El Salvador (12780581033).jpg

    Salvadoran boy

  • Banda El Salvador (8375950759).jpg

    Salvadoran band

  • Salvadoran children

  • Niña bailarina..JPG

    Salvadoran girl

  • Casa Abierta-Cumplimiento y Avance de Programas para Jóvenes. (24084484864).jpg

    Young Salvadoran men

  • Casa Abierta Jóvenes 34 (24710576210).jpg

    Young Salvadoran men and women

  • Beyond The Horizon 2013 El Salvador, officially open for business 130418-A-TJ752-003.jpg

    Salvadoran children

  • Commanding general for Army South visits military and youth in El Salvador 130508-A-OM689-002.jpg

    American soldier with Salvadoran school children

  • Colorido Nacional.jpg

    Salvadoran woman

  • Salvadorans woman.png

    Salvadorans woman in Santa Tecla

  • NT El Salvador.png

    young Salvadorans in San Salvador

Vital statistics

UN estimates

The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[4]

Period Live births
per year		 Deaths
per year		 Natural change
per year		 CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR* Life expectancy
total		 Life expectancy
males		 Life expectancy
females
1950-1955 108 000 48 000 61 000 46.7 20.6 26.1 6.30 147 45.1 43.4 46.8
1955-1960 125 000 46 000 78 000 47.8 17.8 30.0 6.60 132 49.3 47.2 51.5
1960-1965 144 000 47 000 97 000 47.7 15.5 32.3 6.76 119 53.0 50.5 55.7
1965-1970 156 000 47 000 109 000 44.8 13.5 31.3 6.43 109 55.6 52.6 58.9
1970-1975 168 000 49 000 119 000 42.1 12.3 29.8 5.95 100 57.0 53.2 61.2
1975-1980 177 000 52 000 124 000 39.7 11.8 27.9 5.46 91 57.0 51.9 62.7
1980-1985 174 000 55 000 119 000 36.1 11.4 24.7 4.80 77 56.9 50.6 64.2
1985-1990 171 000 44 000 126 000 33.0 8.6 24.4 4.20 56 63.1 57.4 69.1
1990-1995 169 000 37 000 132 000 30.5 6.8 23.8 3.73 38 68.0 63.3 72.9
1995-2000 161 000 38 000 123 000 27.5 6.6 20.9 3.30 27 69.2 64.4 73.9
2000-2005 133 000 75 000 94 000 22.7 6.7 16.0 2.72 23 70.2 65.4 74.9
2005-2010 127 000 90 000 87 000 20.4 6.8 13.6 2.40 21 71.3 66.5 75.9
2010-2015 19.1 6.9 12.2 2.17
2015-2020 18.4 7.0 11.4 2.05
2020-2025 17.2 7.2 10.0 1.96
2025-2030 15.6 7.4 8.2 1.87
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Registered data

Average population [40] Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000) TFR
1940 1,633,000 74,637 45.7
1941 1,654,000 72,376 43.8
1942 1,675,000 71,414 42.6
1943 1,697,000 71,554 42.2
1944 1,719,000 72,590 42.2
1945 1,742,000 74,660 42.9
1946 1,764,000 72,042 30,996 41,046 40.8 17.6 23.2
1947 1,788,000 84,330 30,719 53,611 47.2 17.2 30.0
1948 1,811,000 80,770 30,527 50,243 44.6 16.9 27.7
1949 1,835,000 84,839 28,339 56,500 46.2 15.4 30.8
1950 2,200,000 90,557 27,454 63,103 41.2 12.5 28.7
1951 2,237,000 93,634 29,030 64,604 41.8 13.0 28.9
1952 2,280,000 96,802 32,423 64,379 42.5 14.2 28.2
1953 2,327,000 98,474 30,280 68,194 42.3 13.0 29.3
1954 2,378,000 102,009 31,810 70,199 42.9 13.4 29.5
1955 2,433,000 105,040 31,151 73,889 43.2 12.8 30.4
1956 2,491,000 106,539 28,127 78,412 42.8 11.3 31.5
1957 2,553,000 114,929 32,893 82,036 45.0 12.9 32.1
1958 2,621,000 115,154 32,831 82,323 43.9 12.5 31.4
1959 2,694,000 115,622 30,038 85,584 42.9 11.1 31.8
1960 2,773,000 121,403 28,768 92,635 43.8 10.4 33.4
1961 2,859,000 124,871 28,471 96,400 43.7 10.0 33.7
1962 2,951,000 127,154 30,342 96,812 43.1 10.3 32.8
1963 3,047,000 133,395 29,614 103,781 43.8 9.7 34.1
1964 3,145,000 133,072 29,496 103,576 42.3 9.4 32.9
1965 3,244,000 137,430 30,906 106,524 42.4 9.5 32.8
1966 3,342,000 137,950 30,368 107,582 41.3 9.1 32.2
1967 3,440,000 139,955 28,957 110,998 40.7 8.4 32.2
1968 3,537,000 140,986 29,863 111,123 39.8 8.4 31.4
1969 3,636,000 142,699 33,655 109,044 39.2 9.2 29.9
1970 3,736,000 141,471 35,094 106,377 37.8 9.4 28.4
1971 3,836,000 154,309 28,752 125,557 40.2 7.5 32.7
1972 3,938,000 153,464 32,383 121,081 38.9 8.2 30.7
1973 4,038,000 155,632 31,865 123,767 38.5 7.9 30.6
1974 4,137,000 158,524 30,494 128,030 38.3 7.4 30.9
1975 4,232,000 159,731 31,601 128,130 37.7 7.5 30.3
1976 4,325,000 165,822 30,826 134,996 38.3 7.1 31.2
1977 4,414,000 177,531 33,009 144,522 40.2 7.5 32.7
1978 4,500,000 172,897 30,086 142,811 38.4 6.7 31.7
1979 4,582,000 174,183 32,936 141,247 38.0 7.2 30.8
1980 4,661,000 169,930 38,967 130,963 36.4 8.4 28.1
1981 4,734,000 163,305 37,468 125,837 34.5 7.9 26.6
1982 4,805,000 156,796 33,284 123,512 32.6 6.9 25.7
1983 4,872,000 144,193 32,697 111,496 29.6 6.7 22.9
1984 4,938,000 142,202 28,854 113,348 28.8 5.8 23.0
1985 5,004,000 139,514 27,225 112,289 27.9 5.4 22.5
1986 5,069,000 145,126 25,731 119,395 28.7 5.1 23.6
1987 5,134,000 148,355 27,581 120,774 28.9 5.4 23.6
1988 5,200,000 149,299 27,774 121,525 28.8 5.4 23.4
1989 5,269,000 151,859 27,768 124,091 28.9 5.3 23.6
1990 5,344,000 148,360 28,195 120,165 27.8 5.3 22.5
1991 5,425,000 151,210 27,066 124,144 27.9 5.0 22.9
1992 5,511,000 154,014 27,869 126,145 27.9 5.1 22.9
1993 5,597,000 168,000 38,000 130,000 30.0 6.8 23.2
1994 5,678,000 160,772 29,407 131,365 28.3 5.2 23.1
1995 5,748,000 159,336 29,130 130,206 27.7 5.1 22.7
1996 5,807,000 163,007 28,904 134,103 28.1 5.0 23.1
1997 5,855,000 164,143 29,118 135,025 28.0 5.0 23.1
1998 5,895,000 158,350 29,919 128,431 26.9 5.1 21.8
1999 5,929,000 153,636 28,056 125,580 25.9 4.7 21.2
2000 5,959,000 150,176 28,154 122,022 25.2 4.7 20.5
2001 5,985,000 138,354 29,959 108,395 23.1 5.0 18.1
2002 6,008,000 129,363 27,458 101,905 21.5 4.6 17.0
2003 6,029,000 124,476 29,377 95,099 20.6 4.9 15.8
2004 6,050,000 119,710 30,058 89,652 19.8 5.0 14.8
2005 6,073,000 112,769 30,933 81,836 18.6 5.1 13.5
2006 6,097,000 107,111 31,453 75,658 17.6 5.2 12.4
2007 6,123,000 106,471 31,349 75,122 17.4 5.1 12.3 2.4
2008 6,152,000 111,278 31,594 79,684 18.1 5.1 13.0
2009 6,183,000 107,880 32,872 75,008 17.5 5.3 12.2
2010 6,218,000 104,939 32,586 72,353 17.0 5.3 11.7
2011 6,256,000 109,384 33,211 76,173 17.6 5.3 12.3
2012 6,221,000 110,843 32,148 78,695 17.7 5.1 12.6 2.3
2013 6,251,000 109,617 34,212 75,405 17.4 5.4 12.0 2.2
2014 6,281,000 108,712 37,461 71,442 17.2 5.9 11.3
2015 6,312,000 107,885 40,869 67,016 17.1 6.5 10.6
2016 6,345,000 96,287 41,459 55,368 15.2 6.5 8.7
2017 41,710
2018 92,170 41,564 50,606 13.9 6.3 7.6
2019 40,611 6.1

Structure of the population

Structure of the population (May 2007 census):

Age group Male Female Total %
Total[40] 2 719 371 3 024 742 5 744 113 100
0-4 283 272 272 621 555 893 9.68
5-9 349 150 335 577 684 727 11.92
10-14 359 523 346 824 706 347 12.30
15-19 298 384 302 181 600 565 10.46
20-24 228 001 258 541 486 542 8.47
25-29 206 963 250 927 457 890 7.97
30-34 178 400 223 849 402 249 7.00
35-39 156 514 196 633 353 147 6.15
40-44 132 218 171 413 303 631 5.29
45-49 109 957 142 165 252 122 4.39
50-54 95 275 120 459 215 734 3.76
55-59 81 718 101 357 183 075 3.19
60-64 68 207 83 657 151 864 2.64
65-69 55 781 69 376 125 157 2.18
70-74 43 449 54 008 97 457 1.70
75-79 33 658 42 326 75 984 1.32
80-84 20 401 26 469 46 870 0.82
85+ 18 500 26 359 44 859 0.78
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 991 945 955 022 1 946 967 33.89
15-64 1 555 637 1 851 182 3 406 819 59.31
65+ 171 789 218 538 390 327 6.80

Structure of the population (July 2011; estimates based on the 2007 census trends):

Age group Male Female Total %
Total 2 925 284 3 290 858 6 216 143 100
0-4 309 786 296 430 606 216 9.75
5-9 308 052 294 483 602 535 9.69
10-14 362 232 348 111 710 343 11.43
15-19 352 598 350 791 703 389 11.32
20-24 276 109 305 559 581 668 9.36
25-29 209 615 261 340 470 955 7.58
30-34 180 198 235 412 415 609 6.69
35-39 168 638 219 197 387 835 6.24
40-44 149 955 194 952 344 907 5.55
45-49 127 846 167 719 295 565 4.75
50-54 108 714 140 978 249 692 4.02
55-59 93 682 119 911 213 593 3.44
60-64 78 899 100 625 179 525 2.89
65-69 65 846 82 450 148 295 2.39
70-74 52 993 66 934 119 928 1.93
75-79 38 678 49 603 88 281 1.42
80+ 41 443 56 363 97 806 1.57
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 980 070 939 024 1 919 094 30.87
15-64 1 746 254 2 096 484 3 842 738 61.82
65+ 198 960 255 350 454 310 7.31

Other demographic statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.[41]

  • One birth every 5 minutes
  • One death every 12 minutes
  • One net migrant every 13 minutes
  • Net gain of one person every 16 minutes

Demographic statistics according to the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[42]

Population

6,187,271 (July 2018 est.)

Ethnic groups

Mestizo 86.3%, European 12.7%, Indigenous 0.2% (includes Lenca, Kakawira, Nahua-Pipil), Afro-Salvadoran 10.5%, other 0.6% (2007 est.)

Age structure

File:El Salvadorpop.svg
Population pyramid of El Salvador in 2017
0-14 years: 25.3% (male 802,813 /female 762,852)
15-24 years: 19.88% (male 619,550 /female 610,725)
25-54 years: 39.8% (male 1,143,226 /female 1,319,138)
55-64 years: 7.32% (male 198,513 /female 254,640)
65 years and over: 7.69% (male 208,817 /female 266,997) (2018 est.)

Demographic profile

El Salvador is the smallest and most densely populated country in Central America. It is well into its demographic transition, experiencing slower population growth, a decline in its number of youths, and the gradual aging of its population. The increased use of family planning has substantially lowered El Salvador's fertility rate, from approximately 6 children per woman in the 1970s to replacement level today. A 2008 national family planning survey showed that female sterilization remained the most common contraception method in El Salvador - its sterilization rate is among the highest in Latin America and the Caribbean - but that the use of injectable contraceptives is growing. Fertility differences between rich and poor and urban and rural women are narrowing.[2]

Median age

total: 27.6 years. Country comparison to the world: 143rd
male: 26.1 years
female: 29.1 years (2018 est.)

Birth rate

16.1 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 111st

Death rate

5.8 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 173rd

Total fertility rate

1.84 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 146th

Net migration rate

-7.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 210th

Population growth rate

0.25% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 177th

Mother's mean age at first birth

20.8 years (2008 est.)
note: median age at first birth among women 25-29

Contraceptive prevalence rate

72% (2014)

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 56.8 (2015 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 44.4 (2015 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 12.4 (2015 est.)
potential support ratio: 8 (2015 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 75.1 years. Country comparison to the world: 114th
male: 71.8 years
female: 78.6 years (2018 est.)

Urbanization

urban population: 72% of total population (2018)
rate of urbanization: 1.57% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Languages

Religions

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Further information: Religion in El Salvador

Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 36%, other 2%, none 12% (2014 est.)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2016 est.)

total population: 88.1%
male: 90.3%
female: 86.3% (2016 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 12 years
male: 12 years
female: 12 years (2016)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

total: 9.8%. Country comparison to the world: 128th
male: 9.6%
female: 10.1% (2016)

Nationality

  • Noun: Salvadoran(s)
  • Adjective: Salvadoran

Notable Salvadoran people

  • 14, McLeod Bethel-Thompson, Aug 2, 2018.jpg

    McLeod Bethel-Thompson is an American football quarterback who is a free agent. He played college football at Sacramento State.

  • Jorge Canas FAS.png

    Jorge Cañas was a Salvadoran football player.

  • Emerson Esnal Hernández 2013.jpg

    Emerson Hernández is a Salvadorean race walker.

  • Ceren.jpg

    Darwin Cerén is a Salvadoran footballer who plays for the Major League Soccer club San Jose Earthquakes and is captain of the El Salvador national team

  • Arturo Alvarez at Galaxy at Earthquakes 2010-08-21 6.JPG

    Arturo Álvarez (footballer, born 1985) is a Salvadoran American footballer who plays as a winger and forward for Major League Soccer club Chicago Fire

  • Dustin Corea is a Salvadoran international footballer who plays for FC Edmonton.

  • Eriq Zavaleta is an American soccer player who plays as a center back for Toronto FC of Major League Soccer.

  • Steve Purdy is a Salvadoran American footballer who plays as a defender for Orange County Blues in the USL. He has played for the El Salvador national team at the CONCACAF Gold Cup in 2011 and 2013.

  • Ed Weeks at PaleyFest 2013.jpg

    Ed Weeks is an English actor, comedian, writer and producer of Salvadoran descent through his mother.[43][44]

  • Arevalo RG19 (24) (48199356311).jpg

    Marcelo Arévalo is a professional Salvadoran tennis player

  • Alas21.jpg

    Jaime Alas is a Salvadoran professional footballer

  • Rodolfo Zelaya Alianza FC 2014.jpg

    Rodolfo Zelaya is a Salvadoran professional footballer

  • Rafael-Burgos.jpg

    Rafael Burgos is a Salvadoran professional forward

  • Andrés Flores Timbers (cropped).jpg

    Andrés Flores is a Salvadoran professional footballer, who plays for the Portland Timbers in Major League Soccer.

  • USMNT vs. Trinidad and Tobago (48124824073) (cropped).jpg

    Cristian Roldan is an American professional soccer player, who currently plays as a midfielder for Seattle Sounders FC in Major League Soccer

  • Marcos Villatoro is a writer from the United States. He is the author of six novels, two collections of poetry and a memoir, and the producer/director of the documentary “Tamale Road: A Memoir from El Salvador.”

  • Nayib Bukele (cropped).jpg

    Nayib Bukele is a Salvadoran politician and businessman

  • Guillermo Alexander Hasbún.png

    Guillermo Hasbún, president of CIFCO

  • Mario Duran.jpg

    Mario Duran, minister of governance

  • Aghamustafa.JPG

    Mustafa Al-Salvadori, president of the shia islamic association

  • Frank Rubio official portrait.jpg

    Francisco Rubio (astronaut) is a US Army helicopter pilot, flight surgeon, and NASA astronaut candidate of the class of 2017.

  • JW.jpg

    Johnny Wright is a Salvadoran politician

  • Mauricio Interiano.jpg

    Mauricio Interiano is a Salvadoran politician

  • Carlos Calleja.jpg

    Carlos Calleja is a Salvadoran politician

  • José Atilio Benítez Parada.jpg

    José Atilio Benítez Parada is Salvadoran General, ambassador and former Minister of Defense.

  • Roberto José d'Aubuisson.jpg

    Roberto José d'Aubuisson Munguía is a Salvadoran politician

  • Daboub, Juan José (IMF portrait, 2008).jpg

    Juan Jose Daboub is the chairman and CEO of The Daboub Partnership, Founding Chief Executive Officer of the Global Adaptation Institute and former managing director of the World Bank (2006–2010)

  • Mauricio Funes is a Salvadoran politician who was President of El Salvador from June 1, 2009 to June 1, 2014

  • Miguel Ángel Pereira.png

    Miguel Ángel Pereira, politician

  • José Luis Escobar Alas (2015).jpg

    José Luis Escobar Alas, Archbishop of San Salvador

  • Luciana Sandoval.JPG

    Luciana Sandoval is a Salvadoran presenter, dancer and former model.

  • Monica Lewinsky.jpg

    Monica Lewinsky's father Bernard Lewinsky was born in San Salvador, El Salvador, Central America

  • Denyse Tontz on green chair.jpg

    Denyse Tontz is an American actress, singer, and songwriter.

  • Ana Villafañe 180510-D-SW162-2289 (40233222630).jpg

    Ana Villafañe is an actress and singer

  • Adrian Bellani 2016.png

    Adrian Bellani is an actor

  • J. D. Pardo by Gage Skidmore.jpg

    J. D. Pardo is an actor

  • WikiFrancisco.jpg

    Francisco Caceres is a TV host and producer. He's currently the Film Expert for Telemundo’s national morning show, Un Nuevo Día based in Miami, Florida

  • 2005 Voice Awards Maurice Benard and Charles Curie (18426533841).jpg

    Maurice Benard is an actor who is well k own for playing Sonny Corinthos on the ABC soap opera General Hospital.

  • Linda Arsenio.jpg

    Linda Arsenio is an actress and model

  • Malin Arvidsson, August 2014.jpg

    Malin Arvidsson is an actor and dancer

  • SomayaReece24.jpg

    Somaya Reece is a Salvadoran American hip hop and reality TV star

  • Christy Turlington is an American supermodel. Her mother is from El Salvador. She first represented Calvin Klein's Eternity campaign in 1989 and again in 2014 and also represents Maybelline.

  • Zuleika Soler en La Prensa Gráfica.jpg

    Zuleika Soler, model and beauty pageant titleholder

  • Sabi (singer) is a Salvadoran-American pop singer, songwriter, dancer and actress from Los Angeles, California. She was formerly part of the hip hop girl group, The Bangz. She is currently signed to Warner Bros. Records.

  • YancyClavel.jpg

    Ana Yancy Clavel is a Salvadorian beauty queen and TV personality

  • Carla vila.jpg

    Carla Vila is a Salvadoran American actress

  • Elizabeth Espinosa reporter and journalist

  • TENOR FERNANDO DEL VALLE ONSTAGE.jpg

    Fernando del Valle is an American operatic tenor.

  • Allison Iraheta is an American singer from Los Angeles, California, who was the fourth place finalist on the eighth season of American Idol.

  • Victor R. Ramirez is the current state senator for District 47 in Prince George's County, Maryland

  • J. R. Martinez is an American actor, motivational speaker and former U.S. Army soldier. Starting in 2008, he played the role of Brot Monroe on the ABC daytime drama All My Children. He is the winner of Season 13 of ABC's Dancing with the Stars. Martinez served as the Grand Marshal of the 2012 Rose Parade. He is currently costarring on the syndicated action series SAF3.

  • Markos Moulitsas is a Salvadoran American that served in the U.S. Army from 1989 through 1992. He is the founder and publisher of Daily Kos, a blog focusing on liberal and Democratic Party politics in the United States. He co-founded SB Nation, a collection of sports blogs, which is now a part of Vox Media

  • Maestro carlos irigoyen ruiz 20090221 1787960594.jpg

    Carlos Irigoyen Ruiz was a renowned Salvadoran musician during the 1920s-1940s.

  • La ciclista Evelyn García.jpg

    Evelyn García is a Salvadoran cycle racer who rides for the Fenixs team.

  • Herbert Sosa.jpg

    Herbert Sosa is a Salvadoran professional footballer.

  • Ricardo Saprissa.jpg

    Ricardo Saprissa was a lifelong athlete, coach, and promoter of sports.

  • Rosie Casals 1981 (cropped).jpeg

    Rosemary Casals is a former American professional tennis player

  • Sub 23 2013-09-22 10-21.jpg

    Richard Menjívar is a Salvadoran international footballer currently playing for the New York Cosmos of the North American Soccer League.

  • Edwin Miranda grew up in Los Angeles, California and played four years of college soccer at Cal State-Northridge, where he was twice named Big West Conference Defender of the Year.

  • Hala Ayala at volunteer appreciation event.jpg

    Hala Ayala is a cybersecurity specialist and democrat politician representing the 51st district in the Virginia House of Delegates.

  • Portrait-Salvador-Llort.jpg

    Salvador Llort, artist, painter and sculpturist

  • Alicia Esther Nash con su esposo el matemático John Forbes Nash Jr.jpg

    Alicia Nash was a Salvadoran-American physicist. The wife of mathematician John Forbes Nash, Jr.

  • Miss El Salvador Maribel Arrieta Gálvez, 1955.jpg

    Maribel Arrieta Gálvez was a Salvadoran beauty queen where she represented her country at Miss Universe 1955. Arrieta met Baron Jacques Thuret (of Belgian/French nobility) and both were married in 1963, granting her the title "Baronesa de Thuret".

  • Consuelo de Saint Exupéry was a Salvadoran-French writer and artist, and the wife of the French aristocrat, writer and pioneering aviator Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (1900–1944).

  • Óscar Romero was a prelate of the Catholic Church in El Salvador who served as the fourth Archbishop of San Salvador. He spoke out against poverty, social injustice, assassinations, and torture. In 1980, Romero was assassinated while celebrating Mass

  • Manuel José Arce was a decorated Salvadoran General and president of the Federal Republic of Central America from 1825 to 1829

  • George Melendez Wright was a biologist who conducted the first scientific survey of fauna for the National Park Service in the United States

  • Salarrué was a Salvadoran writer, poet and painter

  • Prudencia Ayala Chief.jpg

    Prudencia Ayala was a Salvadoran writer, first female president candidate in Latin America, and social activist who fought for women's rights in El Salvador.

  • Farabundo Martí was a Marxist–Leninist activist and a revolutionary leader in El Salvador during the 1932 Salvadoran peasant massacre.

  • EEBldDDW4AELtVo1929 In Geneva, Switzerland, Salvadoran lawyer and diplomat Dr. José Gustavo Guerrero places the first stone of the Palais des Nations, the headquarters of the League of Nations, today UN.jpg

    José Gustavo Guerrero was a Salvadoran diplomat and jurist. He served as the last president of the Permanent Court of International Justice from 1937 to 1945; he was also the first president of the International Court of Justice ("World Court") from 1946 to 1949. He help save thousands of Jews from the holocaust

  • José Castellanos Contreras.jpg

    José Castellanos Contreras was a Salvadoran army colonel and diplomat who, while working as El Salvador's Consul General for Geneva during World War II, helped save up to 40,000 Jews

  • Roque Dalton (1969).jpg

    Roque Dalton was a Salvadoran poet, essayist, journalist, political activist, and intellectual. He is considered one of Latin America's most compelling poets.

  • José Matias Delgado.jpg

    José Matías Delgado was a Salvadoran priest and doctor known as El Padre de la Patria Salvadoreña (The Father of the Salvadoran Fatherland)

  • Gerardo Barrios was President of El Salvador, from 12 March 1859 to 26 October 1863

  • José Feliciano Ama (Izalco, El Salvador 1881-1932) fue un cacique indígena de la etnia pipil de El Salvador, uno de los líderes de la Insurrección Campesina de 1932. Ama fue detenido y asesinado durante ese levantamiento indígena.jpg

    Feliciano Ama, indigenous leader

See also

References

  1. ↑ El Salvador. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/el-salvador/
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ https://chalatenango.sv/la-gente-blanca-de-chalatenango
  22. ↑ https://ia801502.us.archive.org/22/items/inmigracion-europea-en-centroamerica-despues-de-la-colonia-1/Inmigracion%20Europea%20en%20Centroam%C3%A9rica%20despu%C3%A9s%20de%20la%20Colonia%20%281%29.pdf
  23. ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315887603_Ser_extranjero_en_Centroamerica_Genesis_y_evolucion_de_las_leyes_de_extranjeria_y_migracion_en_El_Salvador_siglos_XIX_y_XX
  24. ↑ https://drive.google.com/file/d/1k1MEHwutKXsTAoRBcf_DM_2gDel52ahk/view?usp=sharing
  25. ↑ https://ia601501.us.archive.org/31/items/deutsche-in-el-salvador/Deutsche%20in%20El%20Salvador%20.pdf
  26. ↑ https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/el-salvador-virtual-jewish-history-tour
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  30. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  31. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  32. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  33. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  37. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  41. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  42. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  43. ↑ "Ed Weeks is Salvadorean on his mother's side!", latina.com. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
  44. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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