Kamchatka Krai

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Kamchatka Krai
Камчатский край (Russian)
—  Krai  —

Flag
Coat of arms
Anthem:
File:Anthem of Kamchatsky Krai chorus.ogg
Anthem of Kamchatka Krai[1]
File:Kamchatka in Russia.svg
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Political status
Country Russia
Federal district Far Eastern[2]
Economic region Far Eastern[3]
Established July 1, 2007[4]
Krai Day July 1[5]
Administrative center Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky[6]
Government (as of June 2015)
 • Governor[8] Vladimir Ilyukhin (acting)[7]
 • Legislature Legislative Assembly[8]
Statistics
Area (as of the 2002 Census)[9]
 • Total 472,300 km2 (182,400 sq mi)
Area rank 10th
Population (2010 Census)[10]
 • Total 322,079
 • Rank 76th
 • Density[11] 0.68/km2 (1.8/sq mi)
 • Urban 77.35%
 • Rural 22.65%
Population (January 2015 est.)
 • Total 317,206[12]
Time zone(s) PETT (UTC+12:00)[13]
ISO 3166-2 RU-KAM
License plates 41, 82
Official languages Russian[14]
Official website

Kamchatka Krai (Russian: Камча́тский край; IPA: [kɐmˈtɕatskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It was formed on July 1, 2007, as a result of the merger of Kamchatka Oblast and Koryak Autonomous Okrug, based on the voting in a referendum on the issue on October 23, 2005.

The krai's administrative center is the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The okrug retains the status of a special administrative division of the krai, under the name of Koryak Okrug. As of the 2010 Census, the population of the krai was 322,079.[10]

Geography

Kamchatka Krai occupies the territory of the Kamchatka Peninsula, the adjacent part of the mainland, the island Karaginsky and Commander Islands. Washed in the east Bering Sea of Pacific Ocean (length of the coast more than 2,000 km), from the west – the Okhotsk Sea (the length of the coast about 2000 km).

Mountain ranges: Sredinny Range (the length of about 900 km), East, Vetveysky, Penzhinsky, Pahachinsky, Olyutorskij et al. Heights: Khuvkhoitun (2613 m), the Ice (2562 m), Acute (2552 m), Shishel (2531 m), Tylele volcano (2234 m).

Kamchatka belongs to the zone of volcanic activity, there are about 300 large and medium-sized volcanoes, 29 of them are active. The largest volcano in Eurasia – Kluchevskaya (altitude 4750 m). With the volcanic activity associated with the formation of many minerals, as well as a manifestation of hydro geo thermal activity: education fumaroles, geysers, hot springs, etc..

The climate in the northern part of the region is subarctic, while on the coast the climate is temperate maritime and prone to monsoons. In the hinterland the climate is continental.

Nature

Kronotsky volcano
File:Avacha bay.jpg
Avacha Bay
File:Kamchatka River 2010 133.jpg
The Kamchatka River

Most of the peninsula is covered with forests of stone birch, in the upper parts of the mountain slopes are common alder and cedar elfin. In the central part, especially in the valley of the Kamchatka River, widespread forests of larch and spruce Kuril Ajan. In floodplains, forests grow with fragrant poplar, alder, hairy, Chosenia, willow Sakhalin. In the second tier, and the undergrowth common hawthorn zelenomyakotny, Asian cherry, rowan Kamchatka, shrubs – Kamchatka elderberries, rosehips tupoushkovy, rowan buzinolistnaya, honeysuckle Kamchatka, meadowsweet, willow shrubs, and many other species. Kamchatka, especially coastal areas, characterized by tall – species such as shelamaynik Kamchatka, angelica bearish, sweet parsnip reach a height of 3–4 meters.

More than 14.5% of the territory of the Kamchatka Territory refers to the specially protected. There are six protected areas of federal significance (three state reserves, one federal reserve "South Kamchatka", two spa areas – "Resort Paratunka", "Malkinskie mineral waters"); four natural parks of regional significance ("Nalychevo", "Bystrinsky", "South Kamchatka", "Kluchevskoy"); 22 reserve of regional importance; 116 monuments of nature; four protected areas (landscape natural park "Blue Lake", Southwest and Tundra Sobolewski reserves).

Administrative divisions

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Main article: Administrative divisions of Kamchatka Krai

Economy

The main industries in Kamchatka include fishing and forestry. Coal and other raw materials are extracted. Due to its geographical location near major shipping routes, it is a center for shipbuilding, ship repair, and related services.[15] There are also oil and mineral resources which are yet to be fully developed.[16]

Demographics

Population: 322,079 (2010 Census);[10] 358,801 (2002 Census);[17] 466,096 (1989 Census).[18]

  • Births (2008 Jan–Nov): 3,673 (11.55 per 1000)
  • Deaths (2008 Jan–Nov): 3,554 (11.17 per 1000)[19]

Vital statistics for 2007

Source:[20]

  • Births: 3,931 (11.32 per 1000, 11.36 for urban areas & 11.20 for rural areas).
  • Deaths: 3,863 (11.13 per 1000, 10.49 for urban areas & 13.63 for rural areas).
  • Natural Growth Rate: +0.02% per year (+0.09% for urban areas & -0.24% for rural areas).

After nearly two decades, Kamchatka recorded a net natural population growth instead of decline in 2007. However in first half of 2008, the trend was reversed and population decline was observed again, partly due to an increased mortality rate among the rural population.

Vital statistics for 2012
  • Births: 4 158 (13.0 per 1000)
  • Deaths: 3 691 (11.5 per 1000)[21]

Total fertility rate:[22]
2009 – 1.58 | 2010 – 1.51 | 2011 – 1.61 | 2012 – 1.73 | 2013 – 1.77 | 2014 – 1.83(e)

Ethnic composition

Ethnic composition (2010):[10]

  • Russians – 85.9%
  • Ukrainians – 3.9%
  • Koryaks – 2.3%
  • Itelmens – 0.8%
  • Tatars – 0.8%
  • Belarusians – 0.7%
  • Others – 5%
  • 28,084 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.[23]

Religion



Circle frame.svg

Religion in Kamchatka (2012)[24][25]

  Russian Orthodox (31.2%)
  Unaffiliated Christian (4%)
  Rodnover and Siberian shaman (2%)
  Other Orthodox (1%)
  Muslim (1%)
  Protestant (1%)
  Hindu (0.4%)
  Spiritual but not religious (23%)
  Atheist (21%)
  Other or undeclared (15.4%)

According to a 2012 official survey[24] 31.2% of the population of Kamchatka adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 4% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 1% is an Orthodox Christian believer without belonging to any church or is a member of other Orthodox churches. 2% of the population adheres to the Slavic native faith or to Siberian shamanism, 1% to Islam, 1% to forms of Protestantism, and 0.4% to Hinduism (Vedism, Krishnaism or Tantrism). In addition, 23% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 21% is atheist, and 15.4% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.[24]

See also

References

Notes

  1. ↑ Law #397
  2. ↑ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", №20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
  3. ↑ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
  4. ↑ Law #2-FKZ, Article 4
  5. ↑ Charter of Kamchatka Krai, Article 10
  6. ↑ Charter of Kamchatka Krai, Article 12
  7. ↑ Official website of Kamchatka Krai. Vladimir Ivanovich Ilyukhin, Acting Governor of Kamchatka Krai (Russian)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Charter of Kamchatka Krai, Article 13
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ The density value was calculated by dividing the population reported by the 2010 Census by the area shown in the "Area" field. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox is not necessarily reported for the same year as the population.
  12. ↑ Kamchatka Krai Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Предварительная оценка численности населения на 1 января 2015 года и в среднем за 2014 год (Russian)+
  13. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  14. ↑ Official on the whole territory of Russia according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ [1]
  20. ↑ [2]
  21. ↑ http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/2012/demo/edn12-12.htm
  22. ↑ http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/publications/catalog/doc_1137674209312
  23. ↑ http://www.perepis-2010.ru/news/detail.php?ID=6936
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 Arena – Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia. Sreda.org
  25. ↑ 2012 Survey Maps. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), August 27, 2012. Retrieved September 24, 2012.

Sources

  • Законодательное Собрание Камчатского края. Закон №397 от 5 марта 2010 г. «О гимне Камчатского края», в ред. Закона №524 от 23 сентября 2014 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 4 Закона Камчатского края "О гимне Камчатского края"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования с учётом положений части 2. Опубликован: "Официальные ведомости", №55–57, 18 марта 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kamchatka Krai. Law #397 of March 5, 2010 On the Anthem of Kamchatka Krai, as amended by the Law #524 of September 23, 2014 On Amending Article 4 of the Law of Kamchatka Krai "On the Anthem of Kamchatka Krai". Effective as of the day of the official publication, after accounting for the clauses of Part 2.).
  • Законодательное Собрание Камчатского края. Постановление №326 от 4 декабря 2008 г. «Устав Камчатского края», в ред. Закона №715 от 7 декабря 2015 г. «О внесении поправок в Устав Камчатского края». Вступил в силу через 10 дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Официальные Ведомости", №199–200, 11 декабря 2008 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kamchatka Krai. Resolution #326 of December 4, 2008 Charter of Kamchatka Krai, as amended by the Law #715 of December 7, 2015 On Amending the Charter of Kamchatka Krai. Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the official publication.).
  • Государственная Дума Российской Федерации. Федеральный конституционный закон №2-ФКЗ от 12 июля 2006 г. «Об образовании в составе Российской Федерации нового субъекта Российской Федерации в результате объединения Камчатской области и Корякского автономного округа». (State Duma of the Russian Federation. Federal Constitutional Law #2-FKZ of July 12, 2006 On Establishing Within the Russian Federation of a New Federal Subject of the Russian Federation as a Result of the Merger of Kamchatka Oblast and Koryak Autonomous Okrug. ).
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