Jerome Isaac Friedman

For the Louisiana state legislator, see J. Isaac Friedman.

Jerome Isaac Friedman
Born	(1930-03-28) March 28, 1930 Chicago, Illinois
Nationality	United States
Fields	Physics
Institutions	MIT
Alma mater	University of Chicago
Doctoral advisor	Enrico Fermi
Known for	Experimental proof of quarks
Notable awards	Nobel Prize in Physics (1990)
Spouse	Tania Letetsky-Baranovsky (m. 1956; 4 children)

Jerome Isaac Friedman (born March 28, 1930) is an American physicist. He is Institute Professor and Professor of Physics, Emeritus, at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He won the 1990 Nobel Prize in Physics along with Henry Kendall and Richard Taylor, for work showing an internal structure for protons later known to be quarks. Dr. Friedman currently sits on the Board of Sponsors of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.

Life and career

Born in Chicago, Illinois to Lillian (née Warsaw) and Selig Friedman, a sewing machine salesman, Friedman's Jewish parents emigrated to the U.S. from Russia. Jerome Friedman excelled in art but became interested in physics after reading a book on relativity written by Albert Einstein. He turned down a scholarship to the Art Institute of Chicago in order to study physics at the University of Chicago. Whilst there he worked under Enrico Fermi, and eventually received his Ph.D in physics in 1956. In 1960 he joined the physics faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

In 1968-69, commuting between MIT and California, he conducted experiments with Henry W. Kendall and Richard E. Taylor at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center which gave the first experimental evidence that protons had an internal structure, later known to be quarks. For this, Friedman, Kendall and Taylor shared the 1990 Nobel Prize in Physics. He is an Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Prof. Friedman is a member of the Board of Sponsors of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.

In 2008, Friedman received an honorary Ph.D from the University of Belgrade. He is an honorary professor at the University of Belgrade's Faculty of Physics and the Faculty's world famous institutes: Institute of Physics, Institute of Physics, Zemun and Vinca Nuclear Institute.

In 2003 he was one of 22 Nobel Laureates who signed the Humanist Manifesto.

Publications

• Friedman, J. I., Kendall, H. W., et al. "Experimental Search for a Heavy Electron", Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States Department of Energy (through predecessor agency the Atomic Energy Commission) September 1967.
• Friedman, J. I. "Deep Inelastic Electron Scattering: Experimental", Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States Department of Energy (through predecessor agency the Atomic Energy Commission) October 1971.

See also

• List of Jewish Nobel laureates

External links

• Jerome I. Friedman, Henry W. Kendall, Richard E. Taylor and the Development of the Quark, Resources with Additional Information from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, United States Department of Energy
• Nobel Autobiography
• Nobel Lecture 1990
• Friedman page at MIT
• Jerome Friedman Playlist Appearance on WMBR's Dinnertime Sampler radio show January 5, 2005
• Friedman Explains Role of Quarks in Killian Talk, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, (April 1, 2001)
• Will Innovation Flourish in the Future? Opinion by Jerome Friedman, American Institute of Physics