House of Oldenburg

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House of Oldenburg
Arms of the County of Oldenburg.svg
Country Grand Duchy of Oldenburg, Russian Empire, Kingdom of Denmark, Kingdom of Norway, Kingdom of Sweden, Kingdom of Greece, Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg, Duchy of Schleswig, Duchy of Holstein
Titles
Founded 1448
Founder Elimar I, Count of Oldenburg
Final ruler
Russia:
Nicholas II of Russia (1894–1917)
Sweden:
Charles XIII of Sweden (1809–18)
Oldenburg:
Friedrich August II (1900–18)
Saxe-Lauenburg:
Christian IX (1864)
Schleswig-Holstein:
Christian IX (1864)
Augustenborg:
Albert (1921–31)
Current head Christoph, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein
Deposition
Russia:
February Revolution 1917
Sweden:
1818 (line extinct)
Greece:
Greek military junta of 1967–74 1973
Oldenburg:
German Revolution of 1918–19 1918
Saxe-Lauenburg:
Second Schleswig War 1864
Schleswig-Holstein:
Second Schleswig War 1864
Augustenborg:
1931 (line extinct)
Cadet branches

The House of Oldenburg is a European royal house of North German origin. It is one of Europe's most influential royal houses with branches that rule or have ruled in Denmark, Iceland, Greece, Norway, Russia, Sweden, Schleswig, Holstein, and Oldenburg. The current Queen of Denmark, the King of Norway and the former King of Greece, as well as consorts of Greece and the United Kingdom, belong to this house.

It rose to prominence when Count Christian I of Oldenburg was elected King of Denmark in 1448, Norway in 1450 and Sweden in 1457. The house has occupied the Danish throne ever since.

History

Marriages of medieval counts of Oldenburg had paved the way for their heirs to become kings of various Scandinavian kingdoms. Through marriage with a descendant of King Valdemar I of Sweden and of King Eric IV of Denmark, a claim to Sweden and Denmark was staked, since 1350.

At that time, its competitors were the successors of Margaret I of Denmark. In the 15th century, the Oldenburg heir of that claim married Hedwig of Schauenburg, a descendant of Euphemia of Sweden and Norway and also a descendant of Eric V of Denmark and Abel of Denmark. Since descendants better situated in genealogical charts died out, their son Christian (the abovementioned) became the king of all three kingdoms of the whole Kalmar Union. The House of Mecklenburg was its chief competitor regarding the Northern thrones, and other aspirants included the Duke of Lauenburg. Different Oldenburgine branches have reigned in several countries. The House of Oldenburg was briefly poised to claim the British thrones through the marriage of Queen Anne and Prince George of Denmark and Norway; however, due to the early deaths of all their children, the crown passed to the House of Hanover.

The head of the house since 1980 is Christoph, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein.[1]

Main line

  • Kings of Denmark (1448–1863)
  • Kings of Norway (1450–1814)
  • Kings of Sweden (1457–64, 1497–1501 and 1520–21)
  • Counts of Oldenburg (1101–1773)
  • Dukes of Schleswig and Counts of Holstein (1460–1544)
  • Dukes of Schleswig and Holstein ruling only part of the Duchies (1544–1721/1773)
  • Dukes of Schleswig (1721–1864) (ruling the entire Duchy)
  • Dukes of Holstein (1773–1864, ruling the entire Duchy)

Branches

Gallery

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser XVI. Haus Holstein. C.A. Starke Verlag, 2001, pp.44-50. ISBN 3-7980-0824-8. In German.
  2. ↑ Royal Styles and Titles – 1960 Letters Patent

External links

Media related to Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. at Wikimedia Commons

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House of Oldenburg
House of Oldenburg
Preceded by Imperial house of Russia
1762–1917		 Vacant
Preceded by Royal house of Greece
1863–1973		 Monarchy abolished
Preceded by Royal house of Denmark
1448–present		 Present house
(branch: Glücksburg)
Preceded by Royal house of Norway
1905–present
Vacant
Title last held by
House of Bonde		 Royal house of Norway
1450–1818		 Succeeded by
House of Bernadotte
Royal house of Sweden
1457-1464		 Vacant
Title next held by
House of Bonde
Royal house of Sweden
1497–1501		 Vacant
Vacant Royal house of Sweden
1520–1521		 Vacant
Title next held by
House of Vasa
Preceded by Comital House of Holstein
1460–1474		 County raised to duchy
Ducal house of Schleswig
1474-1864		 Second Schleswig War
County raised to duchy Ducal House of Holstein
1474-1864
Vacant
Title last held by
House of Hanover		 Ducal House of Saxe-Lauenburg
1814–1864		 Vacant
Title next held by
House of Hohenzollern
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