Henry Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle

His Grace The Duke of Newcastle KG PC
Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
In office 28 December 1852 – 10 June 1854
Monarch	Victoria
Prime Minister	The Earl of Aberdeen
Preceded by	Sir John Pakington, Bt
Succeeded by	Office abolished
Secretary of State for War
In office 12 June 1854 – 30 January 1855
Monarch	Victoria
Prime Minister	The Earl of Aberdeen
Preceded by	New office
Succeeded by	The Lord Panmure
Secretary of State for the Colonies
In office 18 June 1859 – 7 April 1864
Monarch	Victoria
Prime Minister	The Viscount Palmerston
Preceded by	Sir Edward Lytton, Bt
Succeeded by	Edward Cardwell
Personal details
Born	22 May 1811 (1811-05-22)
Died	18 October 1864 (1864-10-19)
Nationality	British
Political party	Tory Peelite Liberal
Spouse(s)	Lady Susan Douglas-Hamilton (1814–1889)
Alma mater	University of Oxford

Henry Pelham Fiennes Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne KG, PC (22 May 1811 – 18 October 1864), styled Earl of Lincoln before 1851, was a British politician.

Background

Newcastle was the son of Henry Pelham-Clinton, 4th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, by his wife Georgina Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Miller-Mundy. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, where he took his B.A. degree in 1832, and was created a D.C.L. in 1863.

Political career

Newcastle was returned to Parliament for South Nottinghamshire in 1832, a seat he held until 1846, and then represented Falkirk Burghs until 1851, when he succeeded his father in the dukedom. Initially a Tory, he served under Sir Robert Peel as First Commissioner of Works from 1841 to 1846 and as Chief Secretary for Ireland in 1846. He was admitted to the British Privy Council in 1841, and to the Irish Privy Council on 14 February 1846.

Newcastle joined the Peelites in 1846, and held office in Lord Aberdeen's coalition government as Secretary of State for War and the Colonies between 1852 and 1852, and as Secretary of State for War and Secretary at War between 12 June 1854 and 1 February 1855, when he resigned over the Crimean War.

From 18 June 1859 to April 1864, he served as Secretary of State for the Colonies in Lord Palmerston's Liberal administration. In 1860, while holding this office, he went to Canada and the United States, in company with the Prince of Wales. Apart from his political career he also held the honorary posts of Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire from 1857 to 1864 and Lord Warden of the Stannaries from 1862 to 1864. He was made a Knight of the Garter in 17 December 1860.

Lord Lincoln was a member of the Canterbury Association from 27 March 1848. Upon succeeding to the dukedom, he joined the association's management committee on 29 January 1851. In 1849, the chief surveyor of the Canterbury Association, Joseph Thomas, named the future town of Lincoln in New Zealand after him. The town's university was in turn also named after Lord Lincoln.

Family

Newcastle married Lady Susan (9 June 1814 – 28 November 1889), daughter of Alexander Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton, on 27 November 1832. They had five children:

• Henry Pelham-Clinton, 6th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (25 January 1834 – 22 February 1879), who married Henrietta Adela Hope (11 April 1843 – 8 May 1913) on 11 February 1861 and had five children.
• Lord Edward William Pelham-Clinton (11 August 1836 – 9 July 1907), who married Matilda Jane Cradock-Hartopp (died 23 October 1892) on 22 August 1865.
• Lady Susan Charlotte Catherine Pelham-Clinton (7 April 1839 – 6 September 1875), who married Lord Adolphus Vane-Tempest (2 July 1825 – 11 June 1864) on 23 April 1860. She was a mistress of Edward VII of England when he was Prince of Wales.
• Lord Arthur Pelham-Clinton (23 June 1840 – 18 June 1870) who died, possibly by suicide, after being charged in the Boulton and Park case.
• Lord Albert Sidney Pelham-Clinton (22 December 1845 – 1 March 1884), who married Mrs Frances Evelyn Stotherd on 17 November 1870; they were divorced in 1877.

The marriage was unhappy and the Duke and Duchess were divorced in 1850, after a considerable scandal in which the Duchess eloped with Horatio Walpole, Lord Walpole, and had an illegitimate child by him. Newcastle died in October 1864, aged 53, and was succeeded in the dukedom by his eldest son, Henry.

His papers are now held at Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham.

Titles and styles from birth to death

The Duke of Newcastle (right) with Sir Edmund Walker Head, 8th Baronet, Sir Christopher Teesdale, the Prince of Wales and the Hon. Robert Bruce.

• Earl of Lincoln (1811–1832)
• Earl of Lincoln, MP (1832–1841)
• The Rt. Hon. The Earl of Lincoln, PC, MP (1841–1851)
• His Grace The Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, PC (1851–1860)
• His Grace The Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, KG, PC (1860–1864)

See also

• Clinton, South Australia

References

Attribution

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: 

External links

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Duke of Newcastle
• Biography of the 5th Duke, with links to online catalogues, from Manuscripts and Special Collections at The University of Nottingham
• Archival material relating to Henry Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle listed at the UK National Archives
• Pictures of the Duke of Newcastle at the National Portrait Gallery
• Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages
• Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs

Parliament of the United Kingdom
New constituency	Member of Parliament for South Nottinghamshire 1832–1846	Succeeded by Thomas Thoroton-Hildyard
Preceded by William Baird	Member of Parliament for Falkirk Burghs 1846–1851	Succeeded by James Baird
Political offices
Preceded by Viscount Duncannon	First Commissioner of Woods and Forests 1841–1846	Succeeded by The Viscount Canning
Preceded by Sir Thomas Fremantle, Bt	Chief Secretary for Ireland 1846	Succeeded by Henry Labouchere
Preceded by Sir John Pakington, Bt	Secretary of State for War and the Colonies 1852–1854	Succeeded by Himself as Secretary of State for War
		Succeeded by Sir George Grey, Bt as Secretary of State for the Colonies
Preceded by Himself as Secretary of State for War and the Colonies	Secretary of State for War 1854–1855	Succeeded by The Lord Panmure
Preceded by Sidney Herbert	Secretary at War 1854–1855
Preceded by Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton, Bt	Secretary of State for the Colonies 1859–1864	Succeeded by Edward Cardwell
Honorary titles
Preceded by The Earl of Scarbrough	Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire 1857–1864	Succeeded by The Lord Belper
Preceded by The Prince Consort	Lord Warden of the Stannaries 1862–1864	Succeeded by The Lord Portman
Peerage of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Henry Pelham-Clinton	Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne 1851–1864	Succeeded by Henry Pelham-Clinton