Handscroll

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Not to be confused with Hanging scroll.
Handscroll
Qian Xuan - Early Autumn.jpg
Artwork section of a handscroll, Early Autumn by Song loyalist painter Qian Xuan.[1]
Chinese 手捲

The handscroll is a long narrow scroll for displaying a series of scenes in Chinese, Japanese, or Korean painting and calligraphy. The handscroll presents an artwork in the horizontal form and can be exceptionally long, usually measuring up to a few meters in length and around 25–40 cm in height.[2] Handscrolls are generally viewed starting from the right end.[3][4] This kind of scroll is intended to be viewed flat on a table while admiring it section for section during the unrolling as if traveling through a landscape.[4][5] In this way, this format allows for the depiction of a continuous narrative or journey.[6]

Scroll painting

Scroll painting is a painting done on a long roll of paper that could be rolled up.In Bengal in India local village scroll painters(called patuas) and potters began developing a new style of art.

History

The handscroll originated from ancient Chinese text documents.[7] From the Spring and Autumn period (770-481 BCE) through the Han dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE), bamboo or wooden slips were bound and used to write texts on.[7] During the Eastern Han period (25-220), the use of paper and silk as handscrolls became more common.[7] The handscroll was the one of the main formats for texts up until the Tang dynasty (618-907).[7] Since the Three Kingdoms (220–280), the handscroll became a standard form for mounting artwork.[7] New styles were developed over time.[7]

Description

A handscroll has a backing of protective and decorative silk (包首) with a small title label (題籤) on it.[7] The front of a scroll usually consists of a frontispiece (引首) at the right side, the artwork (畫心) itself in the middle, and a colophon panel (拖尾) at the left side for various inscriptions.[6][7][8] The right side of the scroll, to where the frontispiece was located, is known as the "heaven" (天頭).[7] Vertical strips (隔水) are used to separate the different sections.[7] Most handscrolls display only one painting, although several short paintings can also be mounted on the scroll.[7] On the right end of a scroll is a wooden stave (天杆), which serves as a support to a scroll.[7] A silk cord (帶子) and a fastener (別子) is attached to the stave and used to secure a rolled-up scroll.[7] A wooden roller (木杆) is attached on the left end and forms an axis to help roll up a scroll.[7]

Examples

The extant nine scenes of the Admonitions of the Court Instructress, scene 4 at the right to scene 12 at the left
The extant nine scenes of the Admonitions of the Court Instructress, scene 4 at the right to scene 12 at the left
Panorama of Along the River During Qingming Festival by Zhang Zeduan (1085 — 1145)
Eight Flowers by Qian Xuan (1235-1305)
Ten Thousand Miles of the Yangtze River, Ming Dynasty (1368–1644)

See also

  • Emakimono, a Japanese horizontal picture scroll

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Delbanco, Dawn (2008). "Chinese Handscrolls". In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 24 September 2011.
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 "Famous Handscroll Paintings and Calligraphic Works" (English) or "手卷名品展" (Chinese). Taipei: National Palace Museum. Retrieved 24 September 2011.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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