HIV salivary gland disease
Human immunodeficiency virus salivary gland disease (abbreviated to HIV-SGD,[1] and also termed HIV-associated salivary gland disease),[2] is swelling of the salivary glands and/or xerostomia in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Signs and symptoms
- Gradual enlargement of the major salivary glands, particularly the parotid glands.[3] This swelling may be on one side or both sides, may cause disfigurement and may be painful.[2]
- Xerostomia (dry mouth) with no other cause such as a side effect of medications.[2]
HIV-SGD may be the presenting sign of HIV infection.[3] There may also be xerophthalmia (dry eyes) and arthralgia (joint pain), similar to Sjögren syndrome.[3]
Epidemiology
HIV-SGD is more prevalent in HIV positive children than HIV positive adults,[4] at about 19% and 1% respectively.[1] Unlike other oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS such as Kaposi sarcoma, oral hairy leukoplakia and oral candidiasis, which decreased following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV-SGD has increased.[2]
