European Grouping of Marketing Professionals
The European Grouping of Marketing Professionals, widely named, GEPM, then renamed CEDIPAC SA, was a multi-level marketing company founded in U.S. in 1988 by Jean Godzich, a former member of Amway. In France, its headquarters were based in Fleury-sur-Andelle, Eure, and it employed approximately 360 employees and 50,000 distributors in France.[1] In 1995, its activities ended and it changed its name after many complaints by former members who presented it as a cult, as well as two parliamentary reports.
Doctrine and organization
The GEPM, also called "the Business" by his followers, proposed a series of various daily life products, and seminars, rallies, travels, etc., and asked to recruit new members by canvassing, promising the wealth to the followers. The doctrine developed by Godzich mixed marketing techniques, biblical verses and esotericism.[2] Several status could be reached by members, including 'ambassador', 'excellency' and 'diamond'.[3]
In 1995, the GEPM founded The Grouping, a French professional team of cycling in 1995. Luc Leblanc, Ronan Pensec, Pascal Lino and Graeme Obree were among its adherents.[4]
Reception
According to some journalistic articles, the GEPM was in connexion with the First Assembly of God Church, deemed by them as a far-right evangelist church, directed in the U.S. by Godzich's brother,[5] and many distributors of the GEPM were baptized in this church.[6] In addition, excessive demands for money and the huge time devoted to the GEPM, that was deemed as harmful to member's family life,[7] led to numerous complaints to the Institut national de la Consommation and to anti-cult associations (UNADFI, CCMM, Secticide).[8]
In 1995, the premises of French anti-cult association UNADFI were invaded by members of the GEPM to protest against the accusations of cultic deviances and asked the then president, Janine Tavernier, to explain why the group was criticized. The police was forced to intervene.[9] The group was placed in receivership in 1995.[10]
The group was classified as cult in the 1995 and 1999 reports established by the Parliamentary Commission on Cults in France (under the name CEDIPAC SA, its new name then, then under Federation of the networks of agreement [Fédération d'agrément des réseaux or FAR], a group founded by former members).[11] It was labelled as "evangelical" cult.[12][13] Sociologist Bruno Étienne criticized this classification, as the group's activity mainly consists in multi-level marketing.[14] The CCMM, as well as Jean Vernette, then national secretary of French episcopate for the study of cults and new religious movements, also considered this qualification as irrelevant.[15]
In 2007, Godzich was condemned of three-year prison and 500,000-euro fine, for abuse of social goods.[16]
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Bruno Fouchereau, La mafia des sectes – Du rapport de l'Assemblée Nationale aux implications des multinationales, Filipacchi editions, 1996, pp. 24–28 (ISBN 2-85018-648-1)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[dead link]
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Jean-Marie Abgrall, La mécanique des sectes, 2002, p. 69
- ↑ Jean-Pierre Van Girt, La France aux cent sectes, Vauvenargues editions, 1997, p. 167,168 (ISBN 2-7443-0049-7)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[dead link]
- ↑ Bruno Fouchereau, La mafia des sectes – Du rapport de l'Assemblée Nationale aux implications des multinationales, Filipacchi editions, 1996, pp. 12–14 (ISBN 2-85018-648-1)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Bruno Étienne, La France face aux sectes, Hachette editions, 2002, p. 224
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
