Clermont State Historic Site

Clermont
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. National Historic Landmark
U.S. National Historic Landmark District Contributing Property
Location	One mile North of Tivoli, New York
Coordinates
Built	1782
Architectural style	Georgian
NRHP Reference #	71000535
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	February 18, 1971
Designated NHL	November 28, 1972

The Clermont State Historic Site, also known as the Clermont estate, the Clermont Manor or just Clermont, is a New York State Historic Site in southwestern Columbia County, New York, USA. It protects the former estate of the Livingston family, seven generations of whom lived on the site during more than two centuries.

History

The name Clermont derives from "clear mountain" in French and was inspired by the view of the Catskill Mountains across the Hudson River from the estate.

View of Catskills and Hudson from estate

The estate was established by Robert Livingston following the death of his father, the first Lord of Livingston Manor, in 1728; while most of the manor was inherited by the eldest son Philip Livingston, 13,000 acres (5,300 ha) in the southwest corner, later named Clermont, was willed to Robert. The original house was built about 1740.

Robert Livingston of Clermont died on June 27, 1775 and the estate passed to his son, Robert, who was known as 'Judge Livingston' to distinguish him from his father. Judge Livingston was a member of the New York Provincial Assembly from 1759 to 1768, served as judge of the admiralty court from 1760 to 1763 and was a delegate to the Stamp Act Congress of 1765. He married Margaret Beekman, daughter of Colonel Henry Beekman. Their son, Robert R. Livingston, later known as "Chancellor", served on the committee that drafted the Declaration of Independence. Judge Robert died about six months after his father, on December 9, 1775.

In October 1777, British ships sailed upriver from New York City in support of General John Burgoyne who was north of Albany. That same force had already stormed two forts in the Hudson Highlands and burned Kingston, New York. Major General John Vaughan led a raiding party to Clermont and burned Livingston's home because of the family's role in the rebellion. Margaret Beekman Livingston rebuilt the family home between 1779 and 1782. Robert R. Livingston became the estate's most prominent resident. Chancellor Livingston administered the oath of office to President George Washington, became Secretary of Foreign Affairs, and negotiated the Louisiana Purchase.

He also partnered with Robert Fulton in 1807, to creat the first commercially successful steamboat on the Hudson River, the North River Steamboat (later known as the Clermont), which stopped at the house on its inaugural trip.

The house is now a New York State Historic Site and was designated a United States National Historic Landmark in 1972. It is a contributing property to another National Historic Landmark, the Hudson River Historic District.

Although located in the town of Clermont, its mailing address is in the nearby town of Germantown.

See also

• List of National Historic Landmarks in New York
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Columbia County, New York

Further reading

• Media related to at Wikimedia Commons

External links

• Friends of Clermont website
• Clermont State Historic Site, NYS Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation
• The Clermont Estate
• Revolutionary War Heritage Trail: Clermont State Historic Sitedead link]
• Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) No. NY-403, "Clermont, Clermont State Historic Site, Tivoli, Dutchess County, NY", 11 photos, 20 measured drawings, 1 photo caption page
• HABS No. NY-403-A, "Clermont, Livingston Farm House", 2 photos, 1 measured drawing