Cilento

For other uses, see Cilento (disambiguation).

For the national park, see Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park.

UNESCO World Heritage Site

Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park
Name as inscribed on the World Heritage List
Type	Natural
Criteria	C (iii) (iv)
Reference	842
UNESCO region	Europe and North America
Inscription history
Inscription	1998 (22nd Session)

National Park nearby Cannalonga

Cilento is an Italian geographical region of Campania in the central and southern part of the Province of Salerno and an important tourist area of southern Italy.

Geography

The coast (on Tyrrhenian Sea) is located between Paestum and the Gulf of Policastro, near the town of Sapri. More of touristic towns by the coast are "frazioni"; as for example Santa Maria di Castellabate, Acciaroli, Velia, Palinuro, Marina di Camerota, Scario and Policastro Bussentino.

The inner boundaries are the Alburni mountains and Vallo di Diano, sometimes considered as part of cilentan geographical region, which has in Sala Consilina its largest center. The most important towns in this area are Vallo della Lucania (in the middle), Sapri and Agropoli: this is the largest town of Cilento and the principal harbour. Most of this area is included in "Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park". The place is well known for the Mediterranean Diet. The old Cilento is between the town of Agropoli and the river Alento. Some cities in this zone are: Rutino, Lustra and Prignano Cilento. Cilento drifts by the Latin word Cis Alentum: "On this side of the Alento".

History

Greek colony

The region is steeped in Greek mythology and legends, as in the names of some towns, which is also visible in the remains of the colonies of Velia (ancient Elea) and Paestum (ancient Poseidonia). Velia was also the seat of "Eleatics", a school of pre-Socratic philosophers as Parmenides, Zeno of Elea and Melissus of Samos).

Sixth province of Campania

In the 1990s it was proposed to make Cilento a new province of Campania. This proposal has never come near to implementation; in particular there was the difficulty of choosing an administrative centre. The four candidates were Vallo della Lucania (in the most central position), Agropoli (the largest town, situated in the north), Sala Consilina (the most populous town of Vallo di Diano) and Sapri (in the centre of southern Cilento, with the most important railway station). Another more recent proposal was to move Cilento from Campania to Basilicata, as a third province together with the existing provinces of Potenza and Matera.

National Park

Main article: Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park

In a great part of the territory of Cilento and Vallo di Diano there was instituted, on 1991, a national park, to protect the territory from building speculation and mass tourism. In 1998 the park became a World Heritage Site of UNESCO.

Coast

Main article: Cilentan Coast

The Cilentan Coast, or Costiera Cilentana in Italian, is a stretch of coastline situated in the gulfs of Salerno and Policastro, extending in 16 municipalities; from Capaccio-Paestum in the north-west to Sapri in the south-east.

Language

Main article: Cilentan language

Cilento was part of ancient Lucania, and its language is influenced by Lucanian. In the north of Cilento the dialect is more influenced by Neapolitan, but in the south it has many similarities with Sicilian.

Cilento DOC

Italian wine, both red, white and rose, under the Cilento DOC appellation comes from this area. Grapes destined for DOC product must be harvested to a maximum yield of 12 tonnes/hectare with the finished red wines fermented to a minimum alcohol level of 11.5% and the whites and roses fermented to 11%.

Red Cilento wines are a blend of 60-70% Aglianico, 15-20% of Piedirosso and/or Primitivo, 10-20% Barbera and up to 10% of other local red grape varieties. The whites are a blend of 60-65% Fiano, 20-30% Trebbiano, 10-15% of Greco and/or Malvasia bianca with up to 10% of other local white varieties. The roses are blends of 70-80% Sangiovese, 10-15% of Piedirosso and/or Primitivo and up to 10% of other local red grape varieties. A separate varietal Aglianico can also be produced under the Cilento DOC provided that at least 85% of the wine is Aglianico with Primitivo and/or Piedirosso permitted to fill in the remainder and that the wine is aged at least one year before it is released.

Photogallery

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  Agropoli

• 

  Velia

• 

  Licosa island in the Comune of Castellabate

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  Paestum

• 

  Paestum

• 

  Romagnano al Monte

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  S.Maria di Castellabate

• 

  Cape Palinuro

See also

• Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park
• Vallo di Diano
• Velia ("Elea")
• Paestum ("Poseidonia")
• Pruno Cilento
• Cilentan language
• Gulf of Salerno

• Agropoli
• Vallo della Lucania
• Sapri
• Sala Consilina
• Marina di Camerota
• Certosa di Padula (Padula)
• Cape Palinuro (Palinuro)

Bibliography

• Maurizio Tortora: Cilientu mia. Edizione del Delfino, 1977, Naples
• Giuseppe Vallone: Dizionarietto etimologico del basso Cilento. Editore UPC, 2004
• Pietro Rossi: Ieri e oggi 1955-2005. Poesie in cilentano. Grafiche Erredue, 2005
• Barbara Schäfer: Limoncello mit Meerblick. Unterwegs an der Amalfiküste und im Cilento. Picus, 2007, ISBN 978-3-85452-924-8
• Peter Amann: Cilento aktiv mit Costa di Maratea - Aktivurlaub im ursprünglichen Süditalien. Mankau, 2007, ISBN 3-938396-08-3
• Peter Amann: Golf von Neapel, Kampanien, Cilento. Reise Know-How, 2006, ISBN 3-8317-1526-2
• Barbara Poggi: La Cucina Cilentana - Köstlichkeiten aus der Cilento-Küche. Mankau, 2006, ISBN 3-938396-02-4
• Luciano Pignataro: Le ricette del Cilento. Ed. Ippogrifo, 2007, ISBN 978-88-88986-43-2

External links

• What to do and see in Cilento and Tourism in Cilento (Italian)
• Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park (Italian) (English)
• Historical and other infos about Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park (English)
• Cilento Photos (English)
• Tourism in the National park of Cilento (Italian)
• Tourism and holidays in Cilento (Italian)
• Cilento Social Network (Italian)