Choline chloride
| Choline chloride | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride OR (2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium chloride
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| Identifiers | |
67-48-1  |
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| ChEBI | CHEBI:133341  |
| ChEMBL | ChEMBL282468 |
| ChemSpider | 5974 |
| Jmol 3D model | Interactive image |
| PubChem | 522265 |
| UNII | 45I14D8O27 |
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| Properties | |
| C5H14ClNO | |
| Molar mass | 139.62 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | White or deliquescent crystals |
| Melting point | 302 °C (576 °F; 575 K) (decomposes) |
| very soluble (>650 g/l)[1] | |
| Vapor pressure | {{{value}}} |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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| Infobox references | |
Choline chloride is an organic compound and a quaternary ammonium salt. It has a choline cation with chloride anion. Alternative names are hepacholine, biocolina and lipotril.
Synthesis
In the laboratory choline can be prepared by methylation of dimethylethanolamine with methyl chloride.
In the industrial Davy Process Technology route choline chloride is produced from ethylene oxide, hydrochloric acid, and trimethylamine,[2] or from the pre-formed salt:[3]
Applications
Choline chloride is mass-produced and is an important additive in feed especially for chickens where it accelerates growth. With urea it forms a deep eutectic solvent. Other commercial choline salts are choline hydroxide and choline bitartrate. In foodstuffs the compound is often present as phosphatidylcholine. It is also used as an additive in fluids used for hydraulic fracturing.[4]
References
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- ↑ Davy Process Technology
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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