CAC 40

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CAC 40
CAC 40.png
CAC 40 performance between 1964 and 2012
Foundation 1987
Operator Euronext
Exchanges Euronext Paris
Constituents 40
Type Large cap
Market cap €1.031 trillion (end 2009)[1]
Weighting method Capitalization-weighted
Related indices CAC Next 20, CAC Mid 60, CAC Small
Website www.nyse.com/cac40

The CAC 40 (French: CAC quarante [kak kaʁɑ̃t]) (Cotation Assistée en Continu) is a benchmark French stock market index. The index represents a capitalization-weighted measure of the 40 most significant values among the 100 highest market caps on the Euronext Paris (formerly the Paris Bourse). It is one of the main national indices of the pan-European stock exchange group Euronext alongside Brussels' BEL20, Lisbon's PSI-20 and Amsterdam's AEX.

History

The CAC 40 takes its name from the Paris Bourse's early automation system Cotation Assistée en Continu (Continuous Assisted Quotation). Its base value of 1,000 was set on 31 December 1987, equivalent to a market capitalisation of 370,437,43 3,957.70 French francs.[2] In common with many major world stock markets, its all-time high to date (6922.33 points) was reached at the peak of the dot-com bubble in September 2000.[3] On 1 December 2003, the index's weighting system switched from being dependent on total market capitalisation to free float market cap only, in line with other leading indices.[4]

Rules

Selection

The CAC 40 index composition is reviewed quarterly by an independent Index Steering Committee (French: Conseil Scientifique).[2] If any changes are made, they are effected a minimum of two weeks after the review meeting.[2] At each review date, the companies listed on Euronext Paris are ranked according to free float market capitalisation and share turnover over the prior 12 months.[5] From the top 100 companies in this ranking, forty are chosen to enter the CAC 40 such that it is "a relevant benchmark for portfolio management" and "a suitable underlying asset for derivatives products".[5] If a company has more than one class of shares traded on the exchange, only the most actively traded of these will be accepted into the index (generally this will be the ordinary share).[5]

Weighting

The CAC 40 is a capitalization-weighted index. The number of shares issued (used to calculate the market cap and hence the index weight) of a company is reviewed quarterly, on the third Friday of March, June, September and December.[2] Since December 2003, the index weightings of companies in the index have been capped at 15% at each quarterly index review,[5] but these range freely with share price subsequently. A capping factor is used to limit the weights to 15% (if necessary), and is reviewed annually by the Index Steering Committee on the third Friday of September.[5]

Calculation

The index value I of the CAC 40 index is calculated using the following formula:[5] I_t = 1000\times\frac{\sum_{i=1}^N Q_{i,t}\,F_{i,t}\,f_{i,t}\,C_{i,t}\,}{K_t\,\sum_{i=1}^N Q_{i,0}\,C_{i,0}\,} with t the day of calculation; N the number of constituent shares in the index (usually 40); Qi,t the number of shares of company i on day t; Fi,t the free float factor of share i; fi,t the capping factor of share i (exactly 1 for all companies not subject to the 15% cap); Ci,t the price of share i on day t; Qi,0 the number of shares of company i on the index base date; Ci,0 the price of equity i on the index base date; and Kt the "adjustment coefficient for base capitalization" on day t (reflecting the switch from the French franc to the Euro in 1999).

Holders

Although the CAC 40 is almost exclusively composed of French-domiciled companies, about 45% of its listed shares are owned by foreign investors, more than any other main European index.[6] German, Japanese, American and British investors are amongst the most significant holders of CAC 40 shares. This large percentage is due to the fact that CAC 40 companies are more international, or multinational, than any other European market. CAC 40 companies conduct over two-thirds of their business and employ over two-thirds of their workforce outside France.[7]

Record values

Type Date Value
Closing high September 4, 2000 6,922.33
Intraday high September 4, 2000 6,944.77

Composition

An Ariane 5 launcher, built by Astrium EADS, equipped with Vulcain II engine manufactured by Snecma Safran.
A Louis Vuitton store in Hong Kong, part of LVMH group.
A high-speed train TGV Duplex manufactured by Alstom.
Renault Zoe, a five-door supermini electric car manufactured by Renault.
Pont de Normandie, built by Bouygues and Vinci, the largest construction company in the world by revenue.

The index consists of the following companies as of the quarterly update effective 19 December 2011.

Ticker Company Sector
AC Accor hotels
AI Air Liquide commodity chemicals
ALU Alcatel-Lucent telecommunications
AIR Airbus Group aerospace
ALO Alstom industrial machinery
MT ArcelorMittal steel
CS AXA full line insurance
BNP BNP Paribas banks
EN Bouygues heavy construction
CAP Capgemini IT services
CA Carrefour food retailers and wholesalers
ACA Crédit Agricole banks
EDF EDF electricity
EI Essilor medical supplies
GTO Gemalto cyber security
GSZ GDF Suez gas distribution
BN Groupe Danone food products
KER Kering retail business
OR L'Oréal personal products
LHN LafargeHolcim building materials and fixtures
LR Legrand electrical components and equipment
MC LVMH clothing and accessories
ML Michelin tires
ORA Orange telecommunications
RI Pernod Ricard distillers and vintners
UG Peugeot automobiles
PUB Publicis media agencies
RNO Renault automobiles
SAF Safran aerospace and defence
SGO Saint-Gobain building materials and fixtures
SAN Sanofi pharmaceuticals
SU Schneider Electric electrical components and equipment
GLE Société Générale banks
SOLB Solvay chemicals
STM STMicroelectronics semiconductors
TEC Technip oil equipment and services
FP Total integrated oil and gas
UL Unibail-Rodamco real estate investment trusts
FR Valeo automotive supplier
VIE Veolia Environnement water
DG Vinci heavy construction
VIV Vivendi broadcasting and entertainment

See also

References

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External links

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