Aryeh Eliav

Aryeh Eliav
Date of birth	(1921-11-21)21 November 1921
Place of birth	Moscow, Russia
Year of aliyah	1924
Date of death
Knessets	6, 7, 8, 9, 12
Faction represented in Knesset
1965–1968	Alignment
1968–1969	Labor Party
1969–1975	Alignment
1975	Independent
1975–1976	Ya'ad – Civil Rights Movement
1976–1977	Independent Socialist Faction
1977–1979	Left Camp of Israel
1988–1991	Alignment
1991–1992	Labor Party

Aryeh "Lova" Eliav (Hebrew: אריה "לובה" אליאב‎, 21 November 1921 – 30 May 2010), was an Israeli politician. He served as a member of the Knesset for several factions in three spells between 1965 and 1992.

Biography

Eliav was born Lev Lipschitz in Moscow in 1921, and his family moved to Mandatory Palestine in 1924. He studied history and sociology, gaining a BA from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and worked as a teacher and sociologist. He later served as a visiting professor in several American academic institutes, including two years at Harvard University (1979–1980) and his two terms at Trinity College in the 1990s.

As a teenager, he joined the Haganah in 1936, before joining the British Army in 1940, serving in an artillery unit. Upon his return home in 1945 he helped the Aliyah Bet movement and served as a colonel in the IDF. He later worked as an aide to Levi Eshkol on the topics of immigration, absorption and settlement. Between 1955 and 1957 he oversaw the foundation of several settlements in Lakhish Regional Council area. During the Suez Crisis he supervised Operation Tushia, which transported the Jews of Port Said to Israel.

In 1958 he returned to Moscow, where he worked as the first secretary in the Israeli embassy, a position he held until 1960.

Political career

Eliav was first elected to the Knesset in the 1965 elections on the Alignment list, and was appointed Deputy Minister of Trade and Industry. During the Knesset term he became Deputy Minister of Immigrant Absorption.

He retained his seat in the 1969 elections, but was not given a ministerial position. However, he did become general secretary of the Labour Party until 1971. After again retaining his seat in the 1973 elections, he left the party, first sitting as an independent MK, before joining with the Ratz faction to form Ya'ad – Civil Rights Movement. However, the new party split up soon after its foundation, with Eliav founding a new party, the Social-Democratic Faction together with Marcia Freedman. The new party later changed its name to Independent Socialist Faction.

In the run up to the 1977 elections, he joined the Left Camp of Israel. The new party won only two seats, but a rotation agreement saw the seats shared by five people; Eliav served the first term, before resigning from the Knesset in January 1979 to make way for Uri Avnery. In 1984 he established a personal faction that ran in the elections that year, but failed to cross the electoral threshold by around 5,000 votes. In 1987 he returned to the Labor Party.

In 1987 he initiated and led a Jewish Agency project to found Nitzana, a new educational community, in the Negev desert. He served as the Head of Community until 2008. Eliav returned to the Knesset after the 1988 elections. He served one last Knesset term and in 1992 decided not to run for a new term.

Eliav died in Tel Aviv on 30 May 2010 at the age of 89.

Pioneering activity

Eliav helped to found the city of Arad in the Negev and promoted the development of Lakhish and Kiryat Gat. In the 1980s, he was the driving spirit behind the establishment of Nitzana in the western Negev, turning the sand dunes into a youth village.

Honors and awards

Eliav was one of the most decorated citizens of Israel, a Doctor of Honour of several academic institutes.

• In 1988, he was awarded the Israel Prize, for special contributions to society and the State of Israel.
• In 2003, he won the Ben-Gurion Prize.

Published works

Eliav published 15 books, including:

• Between Hammer and Sickle (1965)
• The Voyage of the Ulua (1967)
• New targets for Israel (1969)
• The Short Cut (1970)
• Land of the Hart (1972)
• Shalom: Peace in Jewish Tradition (1977)
• Autobiography: Rings of Dawn (1984)
• New Heart, New Spirit: Biblical Humanism for Modern Israel (1986)
• On Both Sides of the New-Comers' Camp (2006) – with co-author Y. Alfi

See also

• List of Israel Prize recipients

External links

• Aryeh Eliav on the Knesset website