Ammonium acetate

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Ammonium acetate
Ammonium acetate skeletal formula
Ball-and-stick model of ammonium acetate
Names
IUPAC name
Ammonium ethanoate
Identifiers
631-61-8 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:62947 N
ChemSpider 11925 YesY
Jmol 3D model Interactive image
PubChem 517165
RTECS number AF3675000
UNII RRE756S6Q2 YesY
  • InChI=1S/C2H4O2.H3N/c1-2(3)4;/h1H3,(H,3,4);1H3 YesY
    Key: USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N YesY
  • InChI=1/C2H4O2.H3N/c1-2(3)4;/h1H3,(H,3,4);1H3
    Key: USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYAY
  • O=C(O)C.N
Properties
C2H7NO2
Molar mass 77.08 g·mol−1
Appearance White solid crystals, deliquescent
Odor Slighty acetic
Density 1.17 g/cm3 (20 °C)[1]
1.073 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point 110–114 °C (230–237 °F; 383–387 K) [3][1]
decomposes[2]
Boiling point 117.1 °C (242.8 °F; 390.2 K)
at 760 mmHg, decomposes
102 g/100 mL (0 °C)
148 g/100 mL (4 °C)[1]
143 g/100 mL (20 °C)
533 g/100 mL (80 °C)
Solubility Soluble in alcohol, SO2, acetone, liquid ammonia[2]
Solubility in methanol 7.89 g/100 mL (15 °C)[3][1]
131.24 g/100 g (94.2 °C)[2]
Solubility in dimethylformamide 0.1 g/100 g[2]
Structure
Orthorhombic
Thermochemistry
−615 kJ/mol[2]
Vapor pressure {{{value}}}
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Ammonium acetate is a chemical compound with the formula NH4CH3CO2. It is a white, hygroscopic solid and can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid. It is available commercially.[4]

Uses

It is the main precursor to acetamide:[5]

NH4CH3CO2 → CH3C(O)NH2 + H2O

It is also used as a diuretic.[4]

Buffer

As the salt of a weak acid and a weak base, ammonium acetate is often used with acetic acid to create a buffer solution. Ammonium acetate is volatile at low pressures. Because of this, it has been used to replace cell buffers with non-volatile salts in preparing samples for mass spectrometry.[6] It is also popular as a buffer for mobile phases for HPLC with ELSD detection for this reason. Other volatile salts that have been used for this include ammonium formate.

Other

  • NH4C2H3O2 is occasionally employed as a biodegradable de-icing agent.
  • Ammonium acetate is useful as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation and as a source of ammonia in the Borch reaction in organic synthesis.
  • a protein precipitating reagent.
  • In dialysis as part of a protein purification step to remove contaminants via diffusion.
  • In agricultural chemistry used as reagent for determination of soil CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity ) and determination of available potassium in soil,ammonium ion is act as an replacement cation.

Food additive

Ammonium acetate is also used as a food additive as an acidity regulator; INS number 264. It is approved for usage in Australia and New Zealand.[7]

Production

Ammonium acetate is produced by the neutralization of acetic acid with ammonium carbonate or by saturating glacial acetic acid with ammonia.[8] Obtaining crystalline ammonium acetate is difficult on account of its aqueous solution giving off ammonia when evaporated.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=354
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named tedia
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.; Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Berman et al., 2008. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom, 19:1230-1236.
  7. ↑ Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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