Woorabinda, Queensland
| Woorabinda Queensland |
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 Woorabinda
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| Coordinates | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
| Population | 1,033 (2011) |
| • Density | 2.642/km2 (6.843/sq mi) |
| Established | 1927 |
| Postcode(s) | 4713 |
| Area | 391 km2 (151.0 sq mi) |
| LGA(s) | Woorabinda Aboriginal Shire Council |
| State electorate(s) | Gregory |
| Federal Division(s) | Flynn |
Woorabinda /ˈwʊərəbɪndə/ is an Aboriginal community in Central Queensland, Australia, inland about two hours' west drive of Rockhampton. At the 2006 census, Woorabinda had a population of 851.[1]
Contents
Establishment
Woorabinda was first established in 1927, with land gazetted from the County of Waroona, as a replacement for the Aboriginal camp of Taroom Government Settlement. The land at Taroom was repossessed for the development of proposed Dawson River Irrigation Dam,[2] which ultimately did not occur.
Central Queensland had a high level of frontier violence and Aboriginal deaths, such as at Cullin-La-Ringo at nearby Springsure and Hornet Bank along the Dawson River. There was a forcible relocation of dispossessed survivors into government-controlled settlements starting from 1897, with the introduction of the Aboriginals Protection Act—initially at Taroom, and then Woorabinda. Peoples from at least 17 different language groups were placed within the camp, some from as far as Mornington Island,[3] and were under the control of a local Superintendent beneath the state Chief Protector of Aborigines.
The movement of approximately 300 Taroom residents occurred via foot and hired truck[4] over the 250 km.This walk from Taroom to Woorabinda was commemorated by the community with a supported re-enactment in 2014.[5]
The Woorabinda community is the only DOGIT Aboriginal community within the Central Queensland region. DOGIT communities have a special type of land tenure which applies only to former Aboriginal reserves. The land title is a system of community level land trusts, owned and administered by the local council.
Geography
Woorabinda is a township with the seasonal Mimosa Creek nearby, also a source of local water. During rainy season, the township can be isolated due to road flooding. Access is via the Fitzroy Developmental Road, which is sealed north towards Duaringa and where it meets the Capricorn Highway to Rockhampton. To the south, it is gravel road to Bauhinia Downs, where it meets the Dawson Highway and access to Gladstone.
East is the sealed Baralaba-Woorabinda Road, seasonally cut off by flooding. West has a number of cattle properties until the base of the Blackdown Tablelands, serviced by gravel roads.
There is also a sealed airstrip along the north road into town, used by chartered flights and aeromedical retrieval services. No commercial flights operate to the airstrip.
Climate
Woorabinda has warm, wet summers and cool, dry winters. During winter there are often frosts overnight.
| Climate data for Woorabinda, Queensland | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 33.6 (92.5) |
32.8 (91) |
32.0 (89.6) |
29.6 (85.3) |
26.2 (79.2) |
23.4 (74.1) |
23.2 (73.8) |
24.9 (76.8) |
28.1 (82.6) |
30.4 (86.7) |
31.8 (89.2) |
32.9 (91.2) |
29.0 (84.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 19.7 (67.5) |
19.8 (67.6) |
17.7 (63.9) |
14.1 (57.4) |
9.9 (49.8) |
7.1 (44.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
6.4 (43.5) |
9.8 (49.6) |
13.3 (55.9) |
16.4 (61.5) |
18.6 (65.5) |
13.1 (55.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 98.7 (3.886) |
96.7 (3.807) |
62.2 (2.449) |
34.4 (1.354) |
38.1 (1.5) |
32.0 (1.26) |
26.8 (1.055) |
23.2 (0.913) |
25.3 (0.996) |
55.1 (2.169) |
74.7 (2.941) |
93.9 (3.697) |
659.9 (25.98) |
| Source: Weatherzone [6] | |||||||||||||
Cape Bedford relocation
In 1942, during World War II, a Lutheran Aboriginal mission at Cape Bedford on Cape York in far North Queensland was closed and the Aboriginal people were forcibly relocated to Woorabinda. Many died from sickness due to the poor sanitation and inadequate shelter from the frost and cold winter nights of the inland climate. One estimate puts the number of deaths of Bedford people during this period at 235.[7] The survivors were allowed to return to Cape Bedford in 1949 to what is now known as Hopevale.
Economy
The latest figures (from 2008) identifies Woorabinda residents as having a mean annual income of $27,924,[8] as compared to the mean Australia-wide income of $42,081 in the same census. Unemployment is at 70%;[9] the nearby townships include Baralaba, 40 km away, and Taroom, which are mining towns with a hundredth of the rate of unemployment. Woorabinda has also been identified as amongst Queensland's most disadvantaged suburbs,[10] the others of which are also Indigenous townships.
Government service providers are the main source of employment, with local industry in the form of the takeaway cafe and Woorabinda Pastoral Company, owned by the council. The satellite Foleyvale Station[11] is just north of Duaringa, and is included in the Woorabinda lands used pastorally.
Alcohol Management Plan
In 2008, the community and council voted for the total ban of alcohol consumption within the town limits to become a "dry" community. The town has had a significant decrease in alcohol-fuelled violence since the Alcohol Management Plan was introduced.[12]
As of 2013, there has been ongoing movement within the community for a reintroduction of alcohol,[13] with a community-led vote majority for its reintroduction. This has been as part of a larger movement within Aboriginal communities of Queensland for Alcohol Management Plan reviews.
The town also hosts the Mimosa Creek Healing Centre, which is a detoxification and rehabilitation centre for men recovering from alcohol abuse.
Education
There are two schools in the community. One is the Woorabinda State School,[14] which includes years from prep to year seven. The school motto is 'Proud and Deadly'. There is a school tuck shop which runs a paid canteen from which meals can be purchased by the community. Part of the school includes the Community Indigenous Knowledge Centre,[15] an initiative of the State Library of Queensland, which is for access by the community.
High school is represented by Wadja Wadja High School,[16] which is an independent non-denominational, co-educational Aboriginal Community School. Alternatively, children are also sent by school bus to the nearby high school in Baralaba to year 10, or to boarding school.
Nations and Population
The two main groups of people in Woorabinda are the Gangulu Nation and the Wadja Nation, both of whom have Native Title claims to the land.[17][18] The area claimed for the Wadja people is limited to the Woorabinda current land geography; the Gangulu nation expands as far south as Theodore, west past Blackwater, and east to Mount Morgan.
There is a much higher proportion of people under the age of 18 in Woorabinda than in the wider non-indigenous community.[19] Half of the population is under the age of 25,[20] which is significantly higher than the Australian 0–24 years age group, which is one third of the population.[21]
See also
- McIvor, Roy (2010). Cockatoo: My Life in Cape York. Stories and Art. Roy McIvor. Magabala Books. Broome, Western Australia. ISBN 978-1-921248-22-1.
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://www.archivessearch.qld.gov.au/Search/AgencyDetails.aspx?AgencyId=2855
- ↑ Woorabinda, (1927, August 18). The Capricornian (Rockhampton, Qld.: 1875 - 1929), p. 6. Retrieved August 24, 2015
- ↑ Woorabinda: Aboriginal Settlement, The Mackay Daily Mercury, p.9, Monday 15 August 1927
- ↑ Indigenous youngsters walk 200 kilometres from Taroom to Woorabinda, retracing ancestors' steps, ABC News; Marlina Whop, 10 July 2014
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Black Image - History
- ↑ National Regional Profile: Woorabinda (S) (Statistical Local Area) Economy 2008
- ↑ Nation's worst unemployment blackspot just hours from town where almost everyone has a job
- ↑ Most disadvantaged suburbs in Australia revealed
- ↑ Cattle drove encourages young Indigenous people into agriculture
- ↑ Woorabinda launches five-year community plan to address jobs, violence, health issues (2015, June 6). ABC News. Accessed 2015, August 25.
- ↑ Woorabinda residents vote in favour of alcohol ban lift (2014, March 26). The Morning Bulletin. Retrieved 2015, August 25.
- ↑ Woorabinda State School
- ↑ Woorabinda Indigenous Knowledge Centre
- ↑ Wadja Wadja High School
- ↑ Gaangalu Nation (QC2012/009), National Native Title Tribunal, retrieved 23rd August 2015
- ↑ Wadja People (QC2012/010), National Native Title Tribunal, retrieved 23rd August 2015
- ↑ Quarterly Report on Key Indicators, 2008; Poor health and safety in Indigenous communities revealed, National Indigenous Times, 7 June 2008
- ↑ National Regional Profile: Woorabinda (S) (Statistical Local Area) Population
- ↑ National Regional Profile: Australia Population
