75 mm Gun M1916
| M1916 75-mm Gun | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Type | Field gun |
| Place of origin | United States |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1916 |
| Used by | United States |
| Wars | World War I |
| Production history | |
| Designed | 1916 |
| Manufacturer | various |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 749 lb (340 kg) |
| Length | 7.58 ft (2.31 m) |
| Width | 5 ft track |
| Diameter | 4ft 8in wheel |
|
|
|
| Shell | fixed, shell weight 14.7 lb (6.7 kg) |
| Caliber | 75 mm (3.0 in) /28Cal. |
| Breech | drop block |
| Recoil | Hydrospring |
| Carriage | split trail |
| Elevation | 53° (31° to 82° on AA mounting) |
| Traverse | 800 Mills (240° on AA mounting) |
| Muzzle velocity | 1,830 ft/s (560 m/s) |
| Effective firing range | 633 yd (579 m) |
| Maximum firing range | 4,120 yd (3,770 m), 5,500 yd (5,000 m) AA altitude |
| Feed system | hand |
The M1916 75-mm Gun was a U.S. Army field artillery piece used during and after World War I. It was used as an anti-aircraft gun as well as a field piece.
Contents
History
The gun carriage was originally the 3-inch model of 1913, which was later designated the 3-inch M1916. The gun was modified to a 75 mm bore, permitting interchangeability of ammunition with French guns. Its hydrospring recoil system, called the St. Chamond type, consisted of an oil cylinder on top of the barrel and two spring cylinders underneath. The gun remained in army inventory as late as 1942.
51 of these weapons were mounted on 2.5-ton White trucks for anti-aircraft (AA) use, designated the AA truck mount M1917. Some of these weapons reached France before the Armistice, the only US-made AA weapons to do so, but none saw action. Prior to the commencement of this program, 50 AA truck mounts were shipped to France without guns as a stopgap, where French 75s were mounted on them. The maximum AA altitude was 5,500 yd (5,000 m) at 82° elevation, limited by a 20-second fuse. The low muzzle velocity and limited elevation and traverse of the AA mounting (31° to 82° elevation, 240° traverse) impaired the weapon's effectiveness. By 1940 the AA version of the weapon was no longer in active service, but a few were retained for training.[1]
Variants
- M1916 mounted on M1916 carriage
- M1916MI mounted on M1916A1 carriage (rubber tire)
- M1916MII mounted on M1916A1 carriage
- M1916MII-1/2 mounted on M1916A1 carriage
- M1916MIII mounted on M1916A1 carriage
- M1916MIII-1/2 mounted on M1916A1 carriage
- M1916MIIIA1 mounted on M1916MI carriage
- M1916MIIIA1 mounted on M1916MIA1 carriage
- M1916MIII-1/2A1 mounted on M1916MIA1 carriage
- The Antiaircraft model was mounted on a White Motor Company 2.5-ton truck as the AA truck mount M1917.
Support vehicles
A battery of 75-mm guns is accompanied by the following-
- 75 mm limber M1918
- 75 mm Caisson M1918
- Forge limber M1902M1
- Store limber M1902M1
- Battery and store wagon M1917
- Battery reel M1917
- Reel M1909M1
- Cart M1918
Surviving Artifacts
- The American Legion: 705 Lesner Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia
See also
References
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<references />, or <references group="..." />- TM 9-2005, Ordnance Materiel - General, Vol. 3, Infantry- and Cavalry-accompanying weapons, Field Artillery, December 1942
- FM 6-60 Service of the Piece—75-mm Gun, M1916 and M1916-A1, Horse-drawn and Truck-drawn
- Crowell, Benedict, America's Munitions 1917-1918, Washington: Government Printing Office, 1919
- Crowell at Google Books
- Ordnance Department, U.S. Army, Handbook of Ordnance Data, November 15, 1918, Washington: Government Printing Office, 1919
- Office of the Chief of Ordnance, Handbook of Artillery, May, 1920, Washington: Government Printing Office, 1920
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to 75 mm Model 1916. |
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