307th Infantry Regiment (United States)
| 307th Infantry Regiment | |
|---|---|
Regimental Distinctive Unit Insignia
|
|
| Active | 1917–1919 1921–1946 1946–present |
| Country |  USA |
| Branch | U.S. Army |
| Role | Infantry |
| Size | Regiment |
| Part of | 174th Infantry Brigade |
| Garrison/HQ | Fort Dix, New Jersey |
| Patron | Saint Maurice[1] |
| Motto | CLEAR THE WAY |
| Anniversaries | Constituted 5 August 1917 in the National Army |
| Decorations | Philippine Presidential Unit Citation Presidential Unit Citation Army Superior Unit Award Army Superior Unit Award |
| Battle honours | World War I World War II |
The 307th Infantry Regiment was a National Army unit first organized for service in World War I as part of the 77th Infantry Division in Europe. It later served in the Pacific Theater during World War II. Since then it has served as a training Regiment.
Contents
Organization [2]
The 1st Battalion is currently serving at Fort Dix, New Jersey under command of the 174th Infantry Brigade training Army Reserve and Army National Guard Soldiers for service in support of the Global War on Terror and specializes in training Infantry Soldiers.[3] The 2nd Battalion is stationed at Camp Atterbury, Indiana and concentrates on training Field Artillery units under the command of the 157th Infantry Brigade.
Service history
World War I
The Regiment was constituted 5 August 1917 in the National Army as the 307th Infantry and assigned to the 154th Infantry Brigade of the 77th Division. It was organized at Camp Upton, New York on 29 August 1917. The Regiment participated in the following campaigns: Oise-Aisne, Meuse-Argonne, Champagne, and Lorraine. Company K was a member of the "Lost Battalion".[4] The commander of Company K, Captain Nelson M. Holderman was awarded the Medal of Honor. After completing its war service in France, the Regiment sailed to New York City aboard the U.S.S. America. The Regiment demobilized at Camp Upton on 9 May 1919.[5][6][7][8]
Between the Wars
The Regiment was reconstituted in the Organized Reserves as the 307th Infantry on 24 June 1921 and reassigned to the 77th Division (later redesignated as the 77th Infantry Division) within the II Corps area. It was actually organized in August 1921 with the entire Regiment located in New York, New York. The 307th conducted summer training most years with the 16th and 18th Infantry Regiments at Camp Dix, New Jersey, or Fort Slocum, New York, and some years with the 26th Infantry Regiment at Plattsburg Barracks, New York. Also conducted infantry Citizens Military Training Camp (CMTC) training some years at Camp Dix and Plattsburg Barracks as an alternate form of summer training. The primary ROTC feeder schools were the College of the City of New York and New York University. The Regimental designated mobilization training station was Camp Dix.[5]
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OldStoneBarracks.jpg
World War II
Ordered into active military service 25 March 1942 and reorganized at Fort Jackson, South Carolina. The Regiment participated in the January 1943 Louisiana Maneuvers. In July 1943, the Regiment was organized with 3,256 Officers and enlisted men:[9]
- Headquarters & Headquarters Company- 111
- Service Company- 114
- Anti-Tank Company- 165
- Cannon Company- 118
- Medical Detachment- 135
- Infantry Battalion (x3)- 871
- Headquarters & Headquarters Company- 126
- Rifle Company (x3)- 193
- Weapons Company- 156
The Regiment departed San Francisco on 23 March 1944 and arrived in Hawaii on 1 April. The 307th served in the liberation of the Philippines,[10] arriving on 23 November 1944. The 2nd Battalion was detached for duty on Samar from 30 November until 14 December. The Regiment assaulted Yakabi Shima on 26 March and Company G assaulted Kuba Shima on 27 March. The regiment fought on Okinawa from 27 April though 27 June.[11][11][12] Arrived in Japan for occupation duties on 5 October 1945 and inactivated there 15 March 1946.[13][14][15]
Post War Service
Activated 17 December 1946 in the Organized Reserves with Headquarters in the Bronx, New York. In May 1959 the Regiment was reorganized as a parent regiment under the Combat Arms Regimental System to consist of the 1st Battle Group, an element of the 77th Infantry Division under the Pentomic division design.[16] After adoption of the ROAD program,[17] the Regiment was reorganized on 26 March 1963 to consist of the 1st and 2d Battalions, subordinate elements of the 77th Infantry Division. The 1st and 2d Battalions were inactivated 30 December 1965 and relieved from assignment to the 77th Infantry Division.[18]
Under the 87th Training Division
The 307th Infantry was withdrawn 17 October 1999 from the Combat Arms Regimental System, redesignated as the 307th Regiment, and reorganized to consist of the 1st, 2d, and 3d Battalions, elements of the 87th Division (Training Support).[19] The 1st, 2d, and 3d Battalions were concurrently allotted to the Regular Army.
Realignment to the 174th Infantry Brigade
On 15 December 2009 all three Battalions were relieved from assignment to the 87th Division (Training Support). 1st Battalion was then assigned to the 174th Infantry Brigade and is currently stationed at Fort Dix, New Jersey.[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]
Campaign streamers[34][35][36][37]
| Conflict | Streamer | Year(s) |
|---|---|---|
World War I |
Oise-Aisne | 1917 |
| Meuse-Argonne | 1917 | |
| Champagne | 1918 | |
| Lorraine | 1918 | |
World War II  |
Western Pacific | |
| Leyte (with Arrowhead) | 1944 | |
| Ryukyus(with Arrowhead) | 1945 |
Decorations[38]
| Ribbon | Award | Year | Inscription | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
_Streamer.png){kind=small} |
Philippine Presidential Unit Citation | 1944-1945 | 17 October 1944 to 4 July 1945 | |
 |
Presidential Unit Citation | 1944-1945 | Okinawa[citation needed] | 1st Battalion only |
 |
Army Superior Unit Award | 2006-2007 | General Order 2014-04[39] | 1st Battalion only |
|
Army Superior Unit Award | 2008-2011 | Permanent Orders 332-07[40] | 1st & 2nd Battalions |
Shoulder sleeve insignia[41]
* Description: On a background equally divided horizontally white and red, 3¼ inches high and 2½ inches wide at base and 2⅛ inches wide at top, a black block letter "A", 2¾ inches high, 2 inches wide at base and 1⅝ inches wide at top, all members 7/16 inch wide, all enclosed within a 1/8 inch Army Green border.
- Symbolism:
- The red and white of the background are the colors used in flags for Armies.
- The letter "A" represents "Army" and is also the first letter of the alphabet suggesting "First Army."
- Background:
- A black letter "A" was approved as the authorized insignia by the Commanding General, American Expedition Force, on 16 November 1918 and approved by the War Department on 5 May 1922.
- The background was added on 17 November 1950.
Distinctive Unit Insignia[42]
* Description/Blazon: Azure, a mailed dexter hand grasping an oak branch fructed Or debruised by a bend wavy Argent charged with a broken chain Sable, on a chief of the last a portcullis of the third.
- Symbolism: The mailed gauntlet grasping the oak branch symbolizes the drive through the Argonne Forest in World War I; the broken chain, the rescue of the surrounded troops; the bend represents the Vesle River; the portcullis, Grand Pré.
- Background: The coat of arms was originally approved for the 307th Regiment Infantry, Organized Reserves on 12 May 1924. It was amended to withdraw "Organized Reserves" from the designation and to delete the Organized Reserves' crest from the coat of arms on 10 Aug 1959. On 28 Jul 1970 it was amended to reinstate the crest of the Army Reserve and revise the symbolism for the 307th Infantry Regiment. The coat of arms was redesignated for the 307th Regiment on 8 Apr 1999.
References
- ↑ Awards of the Infantry Association
- ↑ Infantry organization and History
- ↑ 1st Battalion official homepage
- ↑ "The Brigade: A History, Its Organization and Employment in the US Army, p40"
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 US Army Order of Battle 1919-1941 p454
- ↑ Postcard from a Soldier of 1st Battalion during World War I
- ↑ Order of battle for the 77th Infantry Division in World War I
- ↑ 77th Division Order of Battle in World War I
- ↑ Maneuver and Firepower p183
- ↑ The 307th on Leyte
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Battle of Okinawa
- ↑ Soldiers of the US 307th Regiment, 77th Division advance towards the war front in Okinawa, Japan during World War II.
- ↑ Order of Battle for 77th ID in WW2
- ↑ Additional footage
- ↑ Stanton, Shelby L. (1984). World War II Order of Battle. New York, New York: Galahad Books.
- ↑ Maneuver and Firepower p270
- ↑ Wilson, John B. (1997). Maneuver and Firepower: The Evolution of Divisions and Separate Brigades. Washington, DC: Center of Military History.
- ↑ Maneuver and Firepower p329
- ↑ Maneuver and Firepower p424
- ↑ Patriots on Point! article
- ↑ Granite State Soldiers prepare for Iraq
- ↑ Save time, money, train virtually
- ↑ Expert Field Medical Badge: 112 step up for challenge, 21 earn coveted badge
- ↑ Motorcycle safety saves lives in all seasons
- ↑ Soldiers train at Air Advisor Academy
- ↑ Patriot brigade pays respects to MLK
- ↑ Cultural Awareness Training is reality for trainer/mentors
- ↑ Women helping women
- ↑ Law Enforcement Training
- ↑ Guardsmen train for OEF mission
- ↑ 174th Inf. Bde. Soldiers ace Army Basic Instructor Course
- ↑ 174th Infantry Brigade returns from Eager Light 2011
- ↑ 307th Inf. Reg. builds on foundation
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ War Department General Order #24 Listing Campaigns
- ↑ WW 1 Campaign descriptions
- ↑ WW2 Campaign descriptions
- ↑ 307th Regimental lineage and honors certificate
- ↑ General Order 2014-04
- ↑ Permanent Order 332-07
- ↑ First Army insignia page at the Institute of Heraldry
- ↑ Regimental DUI
External links
- Pages with broken file links
- Use American English from June 2015
- All Wikipedia articles written in American English
- Use dmy dates from June 2015
- Articles with unsourced statements from May 2016
- Military units and formations established in 1917
- Infantry regiments of the United States Army
- Active Infantry regiments of the United States Army
