1991 in paleontology
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1991 in paleontology. |
Paleontology, palaeontology or palæontology (from Greek: paleo, "ancient"; ontos, "being"; and logos, "knowledge") is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because mankind has encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1991.
Contents
Arthropods
Newly named insects
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
MacKay |
A ponerin ant |
Mollusca
Newly named bivalves
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Isakar |
Archosauromorphs
- Sankar Chatterjee's discovery of a possible Triassic bird, Protoavis, if genuine, would push avian origins back almost 70 million years. The find ignites controversy over the connection between dinosaurs and birds.
Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[4]
| Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Valid taxon |
Late Cretaceous (Santonian) |
An alvarezsaurid. |
|||||
|
Valid taxon |
Salgado and Jose Bonaparte |
Early Cretaceous (Barremian) |
An dicraeosaurid. |
||||
|
Valid taxon |
Bolotsky & Kurzanov |
Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) |
|||||
|
Valid taxon |
Calvo and Bonaparte |
Late Cretaceous (Santonian) |
An alvarezsaurid. |
||||
|
Junior synonym |
Early Cretaceous (Valanginian) |
A junior objective synonym of Altispinax; new genus for "Acrocanthosaurus" altispinax Paul (1988). |
|||||
|
Valid taxon |
Telles-Antunes & Sigogneau-Russell |
Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) |
A ?troodontid. |
||||
| Janenschia[11] |
Valid taxon |
Wild |
Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian) |
A non-titanosauriform macronarian; new genus for "Gigantosaurus" robustus E. Fraas (1908). |
|||
|
Valid taxon |
Middle Jurassic (Bajocian) |
A sauropod of uncertain affinities. |
|||||
|
Junior synonym |
Hunt & S.G. Lucas |
A junior synonym of Coelophysis. |
|||||
|
Gillette |
|||||||
|
Valid taxon |
Le Loeuff and Buffetaut |
||||||
|
Valid taxon |
Telles-Antunes & Sigogneau-Russell |
Late Cretaceous |
An ornithischian of unknown affinities. |
||||
| Tochisaurus[15] |
Valid taxon |
Kurzanov and Osmolska |
|||||
|
Junior synonym |
Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) |
Junior synonym of Supersaurus; replacement name for Ultrasaurus Jensen 1985 (preoccupied). |
|||||
|
Valid taxon |
Early Cretaceous (late Valanginian) |
An ornithomimosaur; new genus for "Megalosaurus" oweni Lydekker (1889). |
|||||
|
Valid taxon |
Newly named birds
| Name | Status | Novelty | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
A Fringillidae, Carduelinae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Late Campanian-Early Maastrichtian, |
A Hesperornithiformes Fürbringer, 1888, Hesperornithidae Marsh, 1872. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
An Anatidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
An Anatidae, a moa-nalo, this is the type species of the genus. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
An Accipitridae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Corvidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Corvidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov et Sp. nov. |
An Acanthisittidae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Strigidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Strigidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
A Strigidae, the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Strigidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Fringillidae, Carduelinae, transferred to the genus Akialoa Olson et James, 1995 by Olson et James, 1995.[20] |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov et Sp. nov. |
An Accipitriformes, Horusornithidae Mourer-Chauviré, 1991, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov et Sp. nov. |
|
A Fringillidae, Carduelinae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Phasianidae, transferred to the genus Plioperdix Kretzoi, 1955 as Plioperdix hungarica Comb. nov. by Nikita V. Zelenkov & Andrey V. Panteleyev.[23] |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Late Early Miocene |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Rallidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Rallidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Rallidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Rallidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
A Rallidae. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
A Protoaviformes Chatterjee, 1991, Protoaviformes Chatterjee, 1991, the type and only species of the genus, no longer considered a bird. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Pseudodontornithidae Lambrecht, 1933. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
A Furnariidae, Philydorinae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
An Anatidae, a moa-nalo, this is the type species of the genus. |
|||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Rallidae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
A Tytonidae. |
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
||||||
|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
A Fringillidae, Carduelinae, the type species of the new genus. |
Genera no longer considered to be birds
- Protoavis. The avian status of Protoavis has since been almost universally rejected by paleontologists.
Pterosaurs
New taxa
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
Synapsids
Non-mammalian
| Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Valid |
|
Lower Permian |
Formerly assigned as an eosuchian diapsid, was restudied an classified as a varanopid synapsid.[30] |
||||
|
Valid |
|
Upper Permian |
A sphenacodontid synapsid. |
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Bonaparte, J.F. 1991. Los vertebrados fosiles de la Formacion Rio Colorado de Neuquen y cercanias, Cretacico Superior, Argentina. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Revidadia" Paleontologia 4 (3): pp. 17-23.
- ↑ Salgado, L. and J.F. Bonaparte. 1991. Un Nuevo sauropodo Dicraeosauridae, Amargasaurus gen. et sp. nov., de la Formacion La Amarga, Neocomiano de la Provincia del Nuequen, Argentina. Ameghiniana 28: pp. 333-346.
- ↑ Bolotsky, Yu. L. and S.K. Kurzanov. 1991. The hadrosaurs of the Amur region. In: Geology of the Pacific Border: pp.94-103.
- ↑ Calvo, J.O. and J.F. Bonaparte, J.F. 1991. Andesaurus delgadoi gen. et sp. nov. (Saurischia-Sauropoda), dinosaurio Titanosauridae de la Formación Río Limay (Albiano-Cenomaniano), Neuquén, Argentina. Ameghiniana 28: pp. 303-310.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Olshevsky, G. 1991. A Revision of the Parainfraclass Archosauria Cope, 1869, Excluding the Advanced Crocodylia. Mesozoic Meanderings 2 (1st printing): iv + 196 pages.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Telles-Antunes, M. and D. Sigogneau-Russell, 1991. Nouvelles donnees sur les Dinosaures du Cretae superieur du Portugal. Compte rendu hebdomadaire des seances de l’Academie des Sciences Paris, tomo 313, seire 2: pp. 113-119.
- ↑ Wild, R. 1991. Janenschia n. g. robusta (E.Frass 1908) pro Tornieria robusta (E. Fraas 1908) (Reptilia, Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha). Stuttgarteer Beitrage zur Naturkude Serie B (Geologie und Paleontologie) 173: pp. 1-4.
- ↑ Hunt, A.P. and S.G. Lucas. 1991. Rioarribasaurus, a new name for a Late Triassic dinosaur from New Mexico (USA). Palaontologische Zeitschrift 6 (3/4): pp. 191-198.
- ↑ Gillette. D.D. 1991. Seismosaurus halli, gen. et sp. nov., a new sauropod dinosaur from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic/Lower Cretaceous) of New Mexico, USA. J. Vert. Paleontol. 11 (4): pp. 417-433.
- ↑ Le Loeuff, J. and E. Buffetaut. 1991. Tarascosaurus salluvicus, new genus new species, a theropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of southern France. Geobios 24 (5): pp. 585-594.
- ↑ Kurzanov, S.M. and H. Osmolska. 1991. Tochisaurus nemegtensis gen. et sp. n., a new troodontid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from Mongolia. Acta Palaeont. Polonica. 36 (1): pp. 69-76.
- ↑ 16.00 16.01 16.02 16.03 16.04 16.05 16.06 16.07 16.08 16.09 16.10 16.11 16.12 16.13 16.14 16.15 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 17.14 17.15 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
