The 1988 CART PPG Indy Car World Series season was the 10h national championship season of American open wheel racing sanctioned by CART. The season consisted of 15 races, and one non-points exhibition event. Danny Sullivan was the national champion, winning for Team Penske. The rookie of the year was John Jones. The 1988 Indianapolis 500 was sanctioned by USAC, but counted towards the CART points championship. Rick Mears won the Indy 500, his third victory at Indy.
The 1988 season was the breakout year for the Ilmor Chevrolet Indy V-8 engine. After being introduced in 1986, and earning its first victory in 1987, the Ilmor Chevy dominated the series in 1988, and established itself as the best powerplant on the circuit. Chevy won 14 of the 15 races, and all 15 pole positions. Along the way, the Ilmor Chevy earned its first victory at Indianapolis in 1988, with Rick Mears winning from the pole.
Season recap
Danny Sullivan won four races, nine pole positions, and had 11 top five finishes en route to the championship title. Sullivan got off to a slow start, but at Indy, he and his Penske teammates (Rick Mears and Al Unser, Sr.) dominated the month of May. The Penske team swept all three spots on the front row, and led 192 of the 200 laps. Sullivan himself qualified second and dominated the first half of the race. He dropped out just beyond the halfway point when a wing adjuster failed and sent his car into the wall. He rebounded over the next six races, posting two wins and no finish worse than 4th.
Sullivan's nearest competitors during the season were Al Unser, Jr. and Bobby Rahal. Unser, Jr. left Doug Shierson Racing and returned to Galles Racing for 1988, and also got use of the coveted Chevrolet engine. Unser won at Long Beach and Toronto, then won a controversial race at the Meadowlands. Battling for the lead in the late stages of the race, he tangled with Emerson Fittipaldi, sending Fittipaldi into the tire barrier.
Back-to-back defending CART champion, and 1986 Indy winner Bobby Rahal returned for his last season at Truesports. The team dropped the Cosworth DFX and the took up development of the Judd AV engine. The engine was known to be down on horsepower, but excelled in fuel mileage and reliability, particularly in the 500-mile races. Rahal finished 4th at Indy, second at the Michigan 500, and won the Pocono 500. His ten top five finishes kept him in contention for the title, but with only one win, he was struggling to keep pace with the Chevy-powered teams.
After winning the Michigan 500, Danny Sullivan took the points lead for the first time all year. The lead was short-lived, however, as he wrecked at Pocono. Rahal and Unser, Jr. finished 1-2 at Pocono, and the top three in the standings were separated by only 5 points with five races remaining.
At Mid-Ohio, Rahal crashed out, and his title hopes began to fade. Sullivan and Unser were separated by 1 point with four races to go. All three drivers finished strong at Road America, and the championship battle pushed on. The turning point of the season came at Nazareth. Al Unser, Jr. blew his engine, Rahal was not a factor, but Sullivan dominated. Sullivan started from the pole, and led the final 74 laps to score a crucial victory. With only two races left, Sullivan had a commanding 25-point lead. At the second-to-last race of the season at Laguna Seca, Sullivan won the pole, led the most laps, and won the race. With still one race left, Sullivan clinched the 1988 CART title, holding an insurmountable 35-point lead. It was Sullivan's first championship title and Penske's first since 1985.
With the championship decided for Sullivan, the season finale at Miami became a race to see who would finish second in points. Rahal held an 8-point lead over Al Unser, Jr., with Mario Andretti and Rick Mears also lurking in 4th and 5th, respectively. Unser, Jr. dominated the race, leading 82 (of 112) laps and winning for the second time at the Tamiami Park circuit. Rahal blew an engine, Mario Andretti dropped out, and Mears finished second. The results saw a shake up in the standings, with Unser, Jr. finishing second in points, Rahal third, and Mears slipping ahead of Andretti by 3 points for 4th and 5th.
Other stories from 1988 included A. J. Foyt returning to a full-time schedule (from 1980-1987, he only ran a partial schedule), and the Porsche Indy car team expanding to full-time with driver Teo Fabi. Rookie John Andretti suffered a devastating crash at the Pocono 500, but would recover before the end of the season. Jim Crawford, who suffered serious leg injuries in a crash in 1987, returned to the cockpit with a notable run at Indianapolis where he led 8 laps and finished 6th, the best result to-date for the Buick V-6 engine.
Drivers and constructors
The following teams and drivers competed for the 1988 Indy Car World Series.
Team |
Chassis |
Engine |
Tires |
No |
Drivers |
Notes |
Newman/Haas Racing |
Lola |
Chevrolet |
G |
6 |
Mario Andretti |
|
Patrick Racing |
March/Lola |
Chevrolet |
G |
20 |
Emerson Fittipaldi |
|
Galles Racing |
March |
Chevrolet/Cosworth |
G |
3 |
Al Unser, Jr. |
|
Team Penske |
Penske |
Chevrolet |
G |
5 |
Rick Mears |
|
9 |
Danny Sullivan |
|
1/60 |
Al Unser |
Indianapolis 500, Michigan & Pocono only |
Porsche North America |
March |
Porsche |
G |
8 |
Teo Fabi |
|
Truesports |
Lola |
Judd/Cosworth |
G |
1/4 |
Bobby Rahal |
|
Kraco Racing |
March/Lola |
Cosworth |
G |
18 |
Michael Andretti |
|
Doug Shierson Racing |
March/Lola |
Cosworth |
G |
30 |
Raul Boesel |
|
Raynor Racing |
Lola |
Cosworth |
G |
10 |
Derek Daly |
|
Arciero Racing |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
12 |
John Jones |
did not qualify at Indianapolis 500 |
Granatelli Racing |
Lola/March |
Cosworth/Chevrolet |
G |
2/4 |
Roberto Guerrero |
did not qualify at Milwaukee,
not competing at Toronto & Meadowlands |
2/4 |
Al Unser |
Toronto & Meadowlands only |
58/71/85 |
Gordon Johncock |
Michigan & Pocono only, did not qualify at Indianapolis 500 |
Machinists Union Racing |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
11 |
Kevin Cogan |
not competing at Meadowlands, Michigan, Pocono & Mid-Ohio |
Scott Pruett |
Meadowlands & Mid-Ohio only |
55 |
Scott Atchison |
did not qualify at Indianapolis 500 & Nazareth |
29/11 |
Rich Vogler |
Indianapolis 500, Michigan & Pocono only |
Buick |
28 |
Pancho Carter |
Indianapolis 500 only but did not qualify |
Dick Simon Racing |
Lola |
Cosworth |
G |
7 |
Arie Luyendyk |
|
22 |
Dick Simon |
Phoenix, Indianapolis 500, Milwaukee, Michigan, Pocono &
Nazareth only |
Scott Pruett |
Long Beach only |
Didier Theys |
Portland, Cleveland, Toronto, Meadowlands, Mid-Ohio,
Road America, Laguna Seca & Tamiami Park only |
23 |
Fulvio Ballabio |
Long Beach, Mid-Ohio & Road America only |
Tero Palmroth |
Indianapolis 500 & Portland only |
Jean-Pierre Frey |
Laguna Seca & Tamiami Park only |
A. J. Foyt Enterprises |
Lola |
Cosworth |
G |
14 |
A. J. Foyt |
withdrew (ill) at Michigan |
Johnny Rutherford |
Michigan only |
Johnny Parsons |
Indianapolis 500 only but did not qualify |
March |
48 |
Rocky Moran |
Indianapolis 500 only |
Chevrolet |
84 |
Stan Fox |
Indianapolis 500 only |
Bettenhausen Motorsports |
Lola/March |
Cosworth/Judd |
G |
16 |
Tony Bettenhausen, Jr. |
did not qualify at Long Beach,
not competing at Portland & Tamiami Park |
Dennis Vitolo |
Tamiami Park only |
Alex Morales Motorsports |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
21 |
Howdy Holmes |
|
Hemelgarn Racing |
Lola |
Judd/Cosworth/Buick |
G |
91 |
Scott Brayton |
not competing at Mid-Ohio, Road America & Laguna Seca |
71 |
Ludwig Heimrath |
not competing at Phoenix, Milwaukee, Michigan, Pocono,
Nazareth & Laguna Seca |
Ken Johnson |
Laguna Seca only |
81/71 |
Tom Sneva |
Indianapolis 500 & Michigan only |
Gohr Racing |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
56 |
Rocky Moran |
Long Beach, Portland, Cleveland, Toronto, Meadowlands, Mid-Ohio,
Road America, Laguna Seca & Tamiami Park only |
Billy Vukovich III |
Phoenix, Indianapolis 500, Michigan & Pocono only |
Bernstein Racing |
Lola |
Buick |
G |
15 |
Jim Crawford |
Indianapolis 500 only |
17 |
Johnny Rutherford |
Indianapolis 500 only |
Curb Racing |
Lola |
Cosworth |
G |
98 |
John Andretti |
not competing at Mid-Ohio, Road America, Laguna Seca &
Tamiami Park |
Gary Trout Motorsports |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
33 |
Steve Chassey |
Indianapolis 500 only |
35 |
Ed Pimm |
Mid-Ohio & Road America only |
Leader Card Racing |
Lola |
Cosworth |
G |
24 |
Randy Lewis |
not competing at Nazareth |
16 |
Dominic Dobson |
Portland only |
Dobson Motorsports |
Lola |
Cosworth |
G |
17/92 |
Dominic Dobson |
Indianapolis 500 & Laguna Seca only |
Dale Coyne Racing |
March |
Chevrolet |
G |
19 |
Dale Coyne |
Milwaukee, Portland, Cleveland, Toronto, Meadowlands,
Michigan, Mid-Ohio, Laguna Seca & Tamiami Park only
did not qualify at Indianapolis 500, Pocono & Nazareth
did not start at Phoenix & Road America |
Dominic Dobson |
Long Beach only |
Los Angeles Drywall |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
27 |
Dick Ferguson |
Long Beach only, did not qualify at Indianapolis 500 |
Ed Pimm |
did not qualify at Indianapolis 500 |
KargoStopper |
Lola |
Cosworth |
G |
88 |
Darin Brassfield |
Mid-Ohio & Laguna Seca only |
BDR Racing |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
43 |
Steve Bren |
Laguna Seca only |
Andale Racing |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
69 |
Bernard Jourdain |
Laguna Seca & Tamiami Park only |
U.S. Engineering |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
77 |
Phil Krueger |
Cleveland, Michigan & Pocono only |
Kent Baker Racing |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
97 |
Phil Krueger |
Indianapolis 500 only |
Scheid Tire Centers |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
46 |
Gary Bettenhausen |
Indianapolis 500 only but did not qualify |
Calumet Farms |
March |
Chevrolet |
G |
84 |
George Snider |
Indianapolis 500 only but did not qualify |
GF Racing |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
25 |
Giupponi Franca |
Mid-Ohio & Laguna Seca only but did not qualify |
José Romano |
Road America & Tamiami Park only but did not qualify |
Indiana Carbon |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
87 |
Spike Gehlhausen |
Indianapolis 500 only but did not qualify |
Mergard |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
36 |
Harry Sauce |
Indianapolis 500 only but did not qualify |
Performers, Inc. |
March |
Cosworth |
G |
77 |
Tom Bigelow |
Indianapolis 500 only but did not qualify |
Results
Races
Rnd |
Date |
Race Name |
Circuit |
City/Location |
TV |
Pole position |
Winning driver |
Winning team |
Report |
1 |
April 10 |
Checker 200 |
Phoenix International Raceway |
Phoenix, Arizona |
ABC |
Rick Mears |
Mario Andretti |
Newman/Haas Racing |
Report |
2 |
April 17 |
Long Beach Grand Prix |
Streets of Long Beach |
Long Beach, California |
ABC |
Danny Sullivan |
Al Unser, Jr. |
Galles Racing |
Report |
3 |
May 29 |
72nd Indianapolis 500 |
Indianapolis Motor Speedway |
Speedway, Indiana |
ABC |
Rick Mears |
Rick Mears |
Team Penske |
Report |
4 |
June 5 |
Dana-Rex Mays 200 |
Milwaukee Mile |
West Allis, Wisconsin |
ABC |
Michael Andretti |
Rick Mears |
Team Penske |
Report |
5 |
June 19 |
Budweiser/G. I. Joe's 200 |
Portland International Raceway |
Portland, Oregon |
ESPN |
Danny Sullivan |
Danny Sullivan |
Team Penske |
Report |
6 |
July 3 |
Budweiser Grand Prix of Cleveland |
Cleveland Burke Lakefront Airport |
Cleveland, Ohio |
ESPN |
Danny Sullivan |
Mario Andretti |
Newman/Haas Racing |
Report |
7 |
July 17 |
Molson Indy Toronto |
Exhibition Place |
Toronto, Ontario |
NBC |
Danny Sullivan |
Al Unser, Jr. |
Galles Racing |
Report |
8 |
July 24 |
Meadowlands Grand Prix |
Meadowlands Sports Complex |
East Rutherford, New Jersey |
NBC |
23x15px Emerson Fittipaldi |
Al Unser, Jr. |
Galles Racing |
Report |
9 |
August 7 |
Marlboro 500 |
Michigan International Speedway |
Brooklyn, Michigan |
ESPN |
Rick Mears |
Danny Sullivan |
Team Penske |
Report |
10 |
August 21 |
Quaker State 500 |
Pocono Raceway |
Long Pond, Pennsylvania |
NBC |
Rick Mears |
Bobby Rahal |
Truesports |
Report |
11 |
September 4 |
Escort Radar Warning 200 |
Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course |
Lexington, Ohio |
ESPN |
Danny Sullivan |
23x15px Emerson Fittipaldi |
Patrick Racing |
Report |
12 |
September 11 |
Race for Life 200 |
Road America |
Elkhart Lake, Wisconsin |
ESPN |
Danny Sullivan |
23x15px Emerson Fittipaldi |
Patrick Racing |
Report |
13 |
September 25 |
Bosch Spark Plug Grand Prix |
Nazareth Speedway |
Nazareth, Pennsylvania |
ABC |
Danny Sullivan |
Danny Sullivan |
Team Penske |
Report |
14 |
October 16 |
Champion Spark Plug 300 |
Laguna Seca Raceway |
Monterey, California |
ESPN |
Danny Sullivan |
Danny Sullivan |
Team Penske |
Report |
NC |
November 5 |
Marlboro Challenge |
Tamiami Park |
University Park, Florida |
ESPN |
Danny Sullivan |
Michael Andretti |
Kraco Racing |
Report |
15 |
November 6 |
Miami Indy Challenge |
Tamiami Park |
University Park, Florida |
ABC |
Danny Sullivan |
Al Unser, Jr. |
Galles Racing |
Report |
Oval/Speedway
Road Course/Street Circuit
Non-championship race
- Indianapolis was USAC-sanctioned but counted towards the CART title.
Full Series Results
Final driver standings
|
Color |
Result |
Gold |
Winner |
Silver |
2nd place |
Bronze |
3rd place |
Green |
4th & 5th place |
Light Blue |
6th-10th place |
Dark Blue |
Finished
(Outside Top 10) |
Purple |
Did not finish |
Red |
Did not qualify
(DNQ) |
Brown |
Withdrawn
(Wth) |
Black |
Disqualified
(DSQ) |
White |
Did not start
(DNS) |
Blank |
Did not
participate
(DNP) |
Not competing |
|
In-line notation |
Bold |
Pole position |
* |
Led most race laps |
Rookie of the Year |
Rookie |
|
|
Point Scoring System:
- Points are awarded based on each driver's resulting place (regardless of whether the car is running at the end of the race):
Position |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
Points |
20 |
16 |
14 |
12 |
10 |
8 |
6 |
5 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
Bonus Points:
- 1 For Pole Position
- 1 For Leading The Most Laps Of The Race
Nation's Cup
- Top result per race counts towards Nation's Cup.
Chassis Constructor's Cup
Pos |
Chassis |
Pts |
1 |
Lola T8800/T8700 |
248 |
2 |
Penske PC-17 |
231 |
3 |
March 88C/87C/86C/85C |
222 |
Pos |
Chassis |
Pts |
Engine Manufacturer's Cup
References
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See also