1895 in film
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The following is an overview of the events of 1895 in film, including a list of films released and notable births.
Events
- February–March - Robert W. Paul and Birt Acres build and run the first working 35 mm movie camera in Britain, the Kineopticon. Their first films include Incident at Clovelly Cottage, The Oxford and Cambridge University Boat Race and Rough Sea at Dover.[1]
- In France, the brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière, design and built a lightweight, hand-held motion picture camera called the Cinématographe. They discover that their machine can also be used to project images onto a large screen. The Lumière brothers create several short films at this time that are considered to be pivotal in the history of motion pictures.[1]
- February 13 - Auguste and Louis Lumière patent the Cinematographe, a combination movie camera and projector.
- March 22 - First display of motion pictures by Auguste and Louis Lumière (private screening).
- May 27 - Birt Acres patents the Kineopticon under his own name.
- Late September - C. Francis Jenkins and Thomas Armat demonstrate their Phantoscope, a motion picture projector, in Atlanta, Georgia at the Cotton States and International Exposition.
- November - In Germany, Emil and Max Skladanowsky develop their own film projector.
- December 28 - The Lumière brothers have their first paying audience at the Grand Café Boulevard des Capucines in Paris — this date is sometimes considered the debut of the motion picture as an entertainment medium.
- December 30 - The American Mutoscope and Biograph Company motion pictures is founded in New Jersey by the KMCD Syndicate of William Kennedy Dickson, Henry Marvin, Herman Casler and Elias Koopman.
- Gaumont Pictures founded by the engineer-turned-inventor, Léon Gaumont. Woodville Latham and his sons develop the Latham Loop - the concept of loose loops of film on either side of the intermittent movement to prevent stress from the jerky movement. This is debuted in the Eidoloscope, which is also the first widescreen format (1.85:1).
- Herman Casler of American Mutoscope Company, aka American Mutoscope and Biograph Company manufactures the Biograph 68 mm camera, which will become the first successful large format 68mm (70mm) film.
- Henri Joly debuts his Joly-Normandin 60 mm format.
Films released in 1895
- Akrobatisches Potpourri
- Annabelle Serpentine Dance, directed by William Heise, starring Annabelle Moore
- Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat, directed by Louis Lumiere
- Autour d'une cabine, directed by Charles-Émile Reynaud
- The Baby's Meal, directed by Louis Lumiere, starring Auguste Lumiere, (his wife) Marguerite, and (their daughter) Andrée
- Bauerntanz zweier Kinder
- Billy Edwards and the Unknown aka Billy Edwards Boxing
- The Blacksmiths, directed by Louis Lumiere
- Boat Leaving The Port, directed by Louis Lumiere
- Boxing Kangaroo
- Card Party, directed by Louis Lumiere
- La Charcuterie mécanique
- Demolition Of A Wall, directed by Louis Lumiere and starring Auguste Lumiere, the man in charge...pointing
- The Derby, directed by Birt Acres
- Dickson Experimental Sound Film, directed by and starring William K. L. Dickson on violin. First sound film.
- The Execution of Mary Stuart, directed by Alfred Clark. First special effect (stop camera edit effect) in cinema.
- Fishing For Goldfish, directed by Louis Lumiere, starring Auguste Lumiere and (his daughter) Andrée
- Opening of the Kiel Canal
- The Oxford and Cambridge University Boat Race
- Cordeliers' Square in Lyons, directed by Louis Lumiere
- Photograph, directed by Louis Lumiere
- The Photographical Congress Arrives in Lyon, directed by Louis Lumiere
- Princess Ali aka Egyptian Dance
- Rough Sea at Dover, directed by Birt Acres
- Le Saut à la couverture
- Serpentinen Tanz
- The Sprinkler Sprinkled, directed by Louis Lumiere. May be the first outdoor comedy film ever made.
- Swimming In The Sea, directed by Louis Lumiere
- Transformation By Hats, Comic View, directed by Louis Lumiere
- La Voltige
- Das Wintergartenprogramm, directed by Max Skladanowsky
- Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory, directed by Louis Lumiere
Births
- February 7 - Anita Stewart, American actress and director (died 1961)
- February 8 - King Vidor, American actor and director (died 1982)
- March 11 - Shemp Howard, American actor (died 1955)
- March 25 - Valéry Inkijinoff, French actor of Russian-Buryat origin (died 1973)
- March 27 - Betty Schade, German-born American actress (died 1982)
- April 7 - Margarete Schön, German actress (died 1985)
- May 6 - Rudolph Valentino, Italian actor (died 1926)
- June 10 - Hattie McDaniel, American actress (died 1952)
- July 25 - Ingeborg Spangsfeldt, Danish actress (died 1968)
- July 26 - Gracie Allen, American actress (died 1964)
- September 22 - Paul Muni, Austrian-born American stage and film actor (died 1967)
- October 2 - Bud Abbott, American actor (died 1974)
- October 4 - Buster Keaton, American actor and director (died 1966)
- October 21 - Edna Purviance, American actress (died 1958)
- December 3 - Tadeusz Olsza, Polish actor (died 1975)
