Fabales

Fabales
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Clade:	Fabids
Order:	Fabales Bromhead
Families
Fabaceae (legumes) Quillajaceae Polygalaceae (milkwort family) Surianaceae
Synonyms
Caesalpiniales Martius Cassiales Link Mimosales Link Polygalales Berchtold & J. Presl Quillajales Doweld Surianales Doweld

Desmodium gangeticum

The Fabales are an order of flowering plants included in the rosid group of the eudicots in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II classification system. In the APG II circumscription, this order includes the families Fabaceae or legumes (including the subfamilies Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae, and Faboideae), Quillajaceae, Polygalaceae or milkworts (including the families Diclidantheraceae, Moutabeaceae, and Xanthophyllaceae), and Surianaceae. Under the Cronquist system and some other plant classification systems, the order Fabales contains only the family Fabaceae. The other families treated in the Fabales by the APG II classification were placed in separate orders by Cronquist, the Polygalaceae within its own order, the Polygalales, and the Quillajaceae and Surianaceae within the Rosales.

The Fabaceae, as the third-largest plant family in the world, contain most of the diversity of the Fabales, the other families making up a comparatively small portion of the order's diversity. Research in the order is largely focused on the Fabaceae, due in part to its great biological diversity, and to its importance as food plants. The Polygalaceae are fairly well researched among plant families, in part due to the large diversity of the genus Polygala, and also due to members of the family, like the Fabaceae, being food plants for various Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species. While taxonomists using molecular phylogenetic techniques find strong support for the order, questions remain about the morphological relationships of the Quillajaceae and Surianaceae to the rest of the order, due in part to limited research on these families.

Distribution

The Fabales are a cosmopolitan order of plants, except only the subfamily Papilionoideae (Faboideae) of the Fabaceae are well dispersed throughout the northern part of the North Temperate Zone.

Gallery

• Lathyrus tuberosa (Guixa).jpg

  Tuberous pea (Lathyrus tuberosus) of the Fabaceae

• 

  Soap bark tree (Quillaja saponaria) of the Quillajaceae

• 

  Milkwort (Polygala myrtifolia) of the Polygalaceae

• 

  Milkwort (Polygala elongata) of the Polygalaceae

• 

  Bay cedar (Suriana maritima of the Surianaceae