List of volcanoes in Iceland
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
This list of volcanoes in Iceland includes 130 active and extinct volcanic mountains, of which 18 have erupted since human settlement of Iceland began circa 900 CE.
List
| Name | Elevation (m) | Elevation (ft) | Coordinates | Last eruption | VEI | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Askja | 1516 | 4974 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1961 | 5 | |
| Bárðarbunga | 2005 | 6515 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 2015 | ||
| Brennisteinsfjöll | 626 | 2054 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1341 (± 1 year) | 2 | |
| Eldfell | 279 | 915 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1973 | 3 | Vestmannaeyjar island of Heimaey |
| Eldgjá | ca 800 | ca 2625 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 934 | 6 | This volcano is a vent of Katla |
| Esjufjöll | 1760 | 5774 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1927 | ||
| Eyjafjallajökull | 1666 | 5466 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 2010 | 4 | |
| Fremrinámur | 939 | 3081 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 800 BC (± 300 years) | ||
| Grensdalur | 497 | 1631 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | dormant | Active during Pleistocene | |
| Grímsnes | 214 | 702 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ~3500 BC | 3 | |
| Grímsvötn | 1725 | 5659 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 2011 | 4 | |
| Hekla | 1491 | 4892 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 2000 | 3 | |
| Hengill | 803 | 2634 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 90 AD (± 100 years) | 2 | |
| Herðubreið | 1682 | 5518 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | Dormant | Active during Pleistocene | |
| Hofsjökull | 1782 | 5846 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | Dormant | Active during Holocene | |
| Hrómundartindur | 540 | 1772 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 10,000 BC | ||
| Hverfjall | 420 | 1378 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ~500 BC | part of the Krafla fissure system | |
| Hveravellir | 1360 | 4462 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 950 AD ± 50 years | 6 | central volcano of the eastern Langjökull system |
| Jólnir | 70* | 230* | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1966 | This vent of Surtsey has since eroded to below sea level | |
| Katla | 1512 | 4961 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1918 | ||
| Kerlingarfjöll | 1488 | 4882 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | dormant | Active during Holocene | |
| Kolbeinsey Ridge | 5 | 16 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1755 [1] | ||
| Kollóttadyngja | 1177 | 3825 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | unknown | ||
| Krafla | 650 | 2133 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1984 | 4 | |
| Krýsuvík | 379 | 1243 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | probably ~1340 | 2 | |
| Krakatindur | 300 | 984 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | unknown | ||
| Kverkfjöll | 1920 | 6299 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1968 | 1 | |
| Laki | 1725 | 5606 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1783-84 | 6 | part of Grímsvötn fissure system |
| Loki-Fögrufjöll | 1570 | 5151 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1910 | ||
| Ljósufjöll | 988 | 3241 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 960 AD (± 10 years) | 3 | |
| Lýsuhóll | 540+ | 1772+ | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | dormant | Active during Holocene | |
| Öræfajökull | 2119 | 6952 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1727 | 5 | |
| Prestahnúkur | 1386 | 4504 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 7550 BC (± 500 years) | central volcano of western Langjökull system | |
| Reykjanes | 230 | 755 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1879 | ||
| Reykjaneshryggur | -80 | -262 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1970(?) | ||
| Snæfellsjökull | 1448 | 4751 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 200 AD (± 150 years) | 2 | |
| Surtsey | 174 | 571 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1963 | in the Vestmannaeyjar islands | |
| Theistareykjarbunga | 564 | 1850 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 750 BC (± 100 years) | ||
| Thordarhyrna | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1910 | 4 | |||
| Þórólfsfell | 574 | 1883 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | unknown | ||
| Tindfjallajökull | 1463 | 4800 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | dormant | Active during Holocene | |
| Torfajökull | 1259 | 4131 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 1477 | 3 | |
| Tungnafellsjökull | 1535 | 5036 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | dormant | Active during Holocene | |
| Vatnafjöll | 1235 | 4052 | Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | 750 AD (± 1000 years) |
Volcanic zones and systems
File:Volcanic zones of Iceland.svg
Volcanism in Iceland
Iceland has four volcanic zones: Reykjanes (Reykjanes Ridge, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge South of Iceland), West and North Volcanic Zones (RVZ, WVZ, NVZ) and the East Volcanic Zone (EVZ), (Westman Islands). The Mid-Iceland Belt (MIB) connects them across central Iceland. There are two intraplate belts too (Öræfajökull (ÖVB) and Snæfellsnes (SVB)). [2][3] North of Iceland the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is called Kolbeinsey Ridge.
The central volcanoes (Iceland's East Volcanic Zone (EVZ)), Vonarskarð and Hágöngur belong to the same volcanic system, this also applies to Bárðarbunga and Hamarinn, and Grímsvötn and Þórðarhyrna.[4] It is proposed that the line Grímsvötn volcano, Mid-Iceland Belt (MIB) to Snæfellsnes volcanic belt shows the movement of the North American Plate over the Iceland hotspot.[5]
| Volcanic Zone | Volcanic System | Name of central volcano of the volcanic system |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | RVZ | Reykjanes/Svartsengi | Gunnuhver |
| 2 | RVZ | Krýsuvík | Trölladyngja (Reykjanesskagi) |
| 3 | RVZ | Brennisteinsfjöll | void |
| 4 | WVZ | Hengill | Hengill |
| 5 | WVZ | Hrómundartindur | Hrómundartindur |
| 6 | WVZ | Grensdalur | void |
| 7 | WVZ | Grímsnes | Seyðishólar |
| 8 | WVZ | Geysir | Laugarfjall |
| 9 | WVZ | Western Langjökull | Prestahnúkur |
| 10 | WVZ | Eastern Langjökull | Hveravellir |
| 11 | MIB | Hofsjökull | Hofsjökull |
| 12 | MIB | Kerlingarfjöll | Snækollur |
| 13 | MIB | Tungnafellsjökull | Tungnafellsjökull/Hágöngur |
| 14 | EVZ | Vestmannaeyjar (Westman Islands) |
void |
| 15 | EVZ | Eyjafjallajökull | Eyjafjallajökull |
| 16 | EVZ | Katla | Katla |
| 17 | EVZ | Tindfjallajökull | Tindfjallajökull |
| 18 | EVZ | Hekla-Vatnafjöll | Hekla |
| 19 | EVZ | Torfajökull | Torfajökull |
| 20 | EVZ | Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn | Bárðarbunga/Hamarinn |
| 21 | EVZ | Grímsvötn | Grímsvötn/Thórdarhyrna |
| # | EVZ | (Central volcanoes, as well) | (Vonarskard/Hágöngur)[4] |
| 22 | NVZ | Kverkfjöll | Austari Kverkfjöll |
| 23 | NVZ | Askja | Askja |
| 24 | NVZ | Fremrinámur | void |
| 25 | NVZ | Krafla | Krafla |
| 26 | NVZ | Þeistareykir | Þeistareykjabunga |
| 27 | ÖVB | Öræfajökull | Öræfajökull |
| 28 | ÖVB | Esjufjöll | Snæhetta |
| 29 | ÖVB | Snæfell | Snæfell |
| 30 | SVB | Ljósufjöll | void |
| 31 | SVB | Lýsuskarð | Helgrindur |
| 32 | SVB | Snæfellsjökull | Snæfellsjökull |
See also
References
- Siebert L, Simkin T (2002-). Volcanoes of the World: an Illustrated Catalog of Holocene Volcanoes and their Eruptions. Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program Digital Information Series, GVP-3, (http://www.volcano.si.edu).
- Thor Thordarsson, Armann Hoskuldsson: Classic Geology in Europe 3. Iceland. Harpenden, Terra, 2002
- http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/earth/doomsday-volcanoes.html
- ↑ http://www.volcanolive.com/kolbeinsey.html
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
