Kilmarnock Burghs by-election, 1911

The Kilmarnock Burghs by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 26 September 1911. It returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system. The constituency consisted of five parliamentary burghs: Kilmarnock in the county of Ayr, Dumbarton in the county of Dumbarton, Rutherglen in the county of Lanark and Renfrew and Port Glasgow in the county of Renfrew.

Vacancy

Adam Rolland Rainy had been Liberal MP for Kilmarnock Burghs since gaining the seat from the Conservatives in 1906. He died on 26 August 1911 at the youthful age of 49, causing the by-election.

Electoral history

Dr Rainy's Liberal victory in 1906 coincided with the landslide win for his party across the UK. However, when the Liberals lost ground in January 1910, Rainy managed to increase his majority. That comfortable win was confirmed 11 months later;

Dr Adam Rainy

General Election December 1910: Kilmarnock Burghs Electorate 16,467

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Adam Rolland Rainy	8,657	60.9
	Conservative	James Buyers Black	5,569	39.1
Majority			3,088	21.8
Turnout			14,226	86.4
	Liberal hold		Swing

Candidates

JD Rees

• Twenty-six-year-old William Glynne Charles Gladstone was chosen as the new Liberal candidate. He was a grandson of the former Liberal Prime Minister, William Gladstone and the son of former Liberal MP, William Henry Gladstone. In 1909, Gladstone was the Assistant Private Secretary to John Hamilton-Gordon, Earl of Aberdeen who was serving as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. In early 1911, he served for a few months at the British Embassy in Washington, D.C. as an Honorary Attaché. This was his first election as a candidate.
• The Conservatives chose a new candidate in 57-year-old Sir John David Rees. He was a former colonial administrator in India. He was a former Liberal MP for Montgomery Boroughs until December 1910 when he did not defend his seat. He crossed the floor before the dissolution of parliament November 1910.
• A Labour party candidate, in the form of 29-year-old Thomas McKerrell appeared for the first time. At the last election, he had contested Liverpool Kirkdale. He sat on the executives of the Scottish and British Miners unions. He had been a Kilmarnock magistrate. He was the organiser of the Ayrshire Miners Union. He was a member of Kilmarnock Town Council.

Result

William Gladstone

Kilmarnock Burghs by-election, 1911 Electorate

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	William Glynne Charles Gladstone	6,923	48.3	-12.6
	Conservative	Sir John David Rees	4,637	32.4	-6.7
	Labour	Thomas McKerrell	2,761	19.3	n/a
Majority			2,286	15.9	-5.9
Turnout			14,321
	Liberal hold		Swing	-3.0

Aftermath

Rees was to get elected at the Nottingham East by-election, 1912. A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the autumn of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election.

• Liberal: William Glynne Charles Gladstone
• Unionist:
• Labour:

Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place. In 1915 while serving in France, Gladstone was Killed in action. This resulted in the Kilmarnock Burghs by-election, 1915 in which the Liberal Alexander Shaw was returned unopposed. McKerrell did not stand for parliament again.