Corymbia

Corymbia
File:Corymbia ficifolia Flowers.jpg.jpg
Corymbia ficifolia, Flowers
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Myrtales
Family:	Myrtaceae
Genus:	Corymbia K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson, 1995
Type species
Corymbia gummifera (Gaertner) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson
Diversity
about 113 species

Corymbia is a genus of about 113 species of tree that were classified as Eucalyptus species until the mid-1990s. It includes the bloodwoods, ghost gums and spotted gums. The bloodwoods had been recognised as a distinct group within the large and diverse Eucalyptus genus since 1867. Molecular research in the 1990s, however, showed that they, along with the rest of the Corymbia section, are more closely related to Angophora than to Eucalyptus, and are probably best regarded as a separate genus. All three genera - Angophora, Corymbia and Eucalyptus - are closely related, often difficult to tell apart, and are still commonly and correctly referred to as "eucalypts". Groups of naturalists and conservationists do not recognise the Corymbia genus and still categorise its species within Eucalyptus.

Botanists Ken Hill and Lawrie Johnson were the first to define the genus Corymbia in 1995, identifying the bloodwoods, ghost gums and spotted gums as a group distinct from Eucalyptus. Since then, there have been ongoing investigations into the relationships between the genera. Genetic analysis of ETS and ITS sequences of DNA in 2006 by Carlos Parra-O and colleagues of 67 taxa (47 of which were within Corymbia) yielded Corymbia and Angophora as each other's closest relatives, with the genus Eucalyptus as an earlier offshoot. The small genera Eucalyptopsis, Stockwellia and Allosyncarpia formed a clade which arose earlier still. In 2009, Parra-O and colleagues added more taxa and published a combined analysis of nuclear rDNA (ETS + ITS) and morphological characters published to clarify relationships within the genus. This confirmed two main clades, which they defined as the subgenera Corymbia and Blakella.

Species

See also: List of Corymbia species

Corymbias are readily distinguished as "gum trees" that form corymb inflorescences. A corymb has the appearance of a compound umbel, however it has irregularly lengthened pedicels that help form a flat-topped inflorescence.

The Angophora genus is a lot harder to distinguish from the Eucalyptus genus. The main distinguishing feature that separates the two, is that Angophoras have opposite leaf attachments at maturity and most eucalyptus species don't. However juvenile leaves of Eucalyptus are usually opposite and many species have opposite adult leaves.

Some of the better known corymbias are:

• Corymbia aparrerinja (Ghost gum)
• Corymbia calophylla (Marri or Port Gregory gum)
• Corymbia citriodora (Lemon-scented gum). A tall, smooth-trunked tree native to central and northern Queensland and planted in many other areas, well known for the beauty of its white or light grey trunk and instantly recognisable by the strong lemon scent of its leaves.
• Corymbia eximia (Yellow bloodwood)
• Corymbia ficifolia (Red flowering gum)
• Corymbia gummifera (Red bloodwood)
• Corymbia henryi (Large leaved spotted gum)
• Corymbia maculata (Spotted gum). Another popular garden tree.
• Corymbia opaca (Desert bloodwood). Native to Central Australia.
• Corymbia ptychocarpa (Swamp bloodwood). Native to the north of Australia, this species is a very popular garden plant.

• Gumnuts02.jpg

  Corymbia, capsules (Fruit)

• Corymbia flowers.jpg

  Corymbia, flowers

• Gumnut tree.jpg

  Corymbia, capsules (Fruit)

External links

• A New Name for the Bloodwood and Ghost Gum Eucalypts
• Currency Creek Arboretum Eucalypt Research at Currency Creek Arboretum

• Brooker & Kleinig (2006) Field Guide to Eucalypts. 3rd ed.