Carleton University

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This article is about the university in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. For Carleton College in Northfield, Minnesota, US, see Carleton College.

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Carleton University
File:Carleton University Logo.svg
Coat of arms of Carleton University
Motto "Ours the Task Eternal"
Type Public
Established 1942
Affiliation non-denominational
Endowment C$190 million[1]
Chancellor Charles Chi
President Roseann Runte
Students 26,771
Undergraduates 23,214[2]
Postgraduates 3,557[2]
Location
Ottawa
,
Ontario
,
Canada
Campus Urban (0.62 km2)
Sport Teams Carleton Ravens
Colours Black and red[3]
         
Nickname Ravens
Affiliations ASAIHL, APSIA, AUCC, CARL, IAU, COU, ACU, CIS, OUA, Fields Institute, Ontario Network of Women in engineering, CBIE, AACSB
Mascot Rodney the Raven
Website www.carleton.ca
File:Carleton University logo.gif

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Carleton University is a comprehensive university located in the capital of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario. The enabling legislation is The Carleton University Act, 1952, S.O. 1952. Originally founded on rented premises in 1942, Carleton would grow in size to meet the needs of returning World War II veterans and later became Ontario's first private, non-denominational college. It would expand further in the 1960s, consistent with government policy that saw increased access to higher education as a social good and means to economic growth, and is today a public university, offering more than 65 academic programs across a wide range of disciplines. Carleton is reputed for its strength in a variety of fields, such as engineering, industrial design, humanities, international business and many of the disciplines housed in its Faculty of Public Affairs (including international affairs, journalism, political science, political economy, political management, public policy and administration, and legal studies).

It is named after the former Carleton County, Ontario, which included the city of Ottawa at the time Carleton was founded. Carleton County, in turn, was named in honour of Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, an early Governor-General of British North America. Carleton currently houses more than 22,000 undergraduate and more than 3,000 postgraduate students. Its campus is located west of Old Ottawa South, within close proximity to The Glebe and Confederation Heights, and is bounded to the north by the Rideau Canal and Dow's Lake and to the south by the Rideau River.[4] The university is represented in Canadian Interuniversity Sport by the Carleton Ravens.

History

I learned very early the life lesson that it is people, not buildings, that make up an institution. And if we put our hearts to it we can do something worthwhile. – Henry Marshall Tory

Henry Marshall Tory, first President of Carleton College
File:Lester B. Pearson with a pencil.jpg
Lester Pearson, Chancellor, Prime Minister, Nobel Laureate

Carleton College, a non-denominational institution, was founded in 1942[5] at the height of the Second World War by the Ottawa Association for the Advancement of Learning.[6]

It was originally located in a rented building and only offered night courses in public administration and introductory university subjects. When the war ended in 1945, the College began expanding to meet the needs of veterans coming home. The Faculty of Arts and Science was established, which included courses in journalism and first-year engineering.

In 1946 the college moved to The Glebe neighbourhood along First Avenue at the former Ottawa Ladies' College. Its first degrees were conferred in 1946 to graduates of its programs in Journalism and Public Administration.[5]

For nearly a decade the College operated on a shoestring budget, with funds raised mainly through community initiatives and modest student fees. During the war, student fees were kept low and Carleton gave special grants to veterans returning home who wished to continue their studies. The faculty was composed largely of part-time professors who worked full-time in the Public Service; some of whom were convinced to leave for full-time tenure positions. However, full-time teaching staff were still mostly young scholars at the beginning of their careers.

In 1952 the Carleton College Act was passed by the Ontario Legislature, changing the official corporate name to Carleton College and officially conferring the power to grant degrees. Carleton thus became the province's first private, non-sectarian college.[7] In the same year, the 62 hectare property nestled between the Rideau Canal and the Rideau River on which the current campus is located was acquired. Some of the land was donated by a prominent Ottawa businessman Harry Stevenson Southam. Construction began on the new campus in 1953.

In 1957 the Carleton University Act, 1952 was amended, officially granting Carleton status as a public university and thus changing its name to Carleton University.[6] Carleton's motto, "Ours the Task Eternal," is taken from Walt Whitman's poem, Pioneers! O Pioneers!.[8]

The governance was modelled on the provincial University of Toronto Act of 1906 which established a bicameral system of university government consisting of a senate (faculty), responsible for academic policy, and a board of governors (citizens) exercising exclusive control over financial policy and having formal authority over all other matters. The president, appointed by the board, was to provide a link between the two bodies and to perform institutional leadership.[9]

In 1959 construction was completed on the new Rideau River campus, and Carleton moved to its current location.[5] The original buildings included three that still stand today, the Maxwell MacOdrum Library, Norman Paterson Hall and the Henry Marshall Tory Building. Following this, Carleton rapidly expanded to meet the need for tertiary education in Canada.

A portrait of Guy Carleton

The policy of university education initiated in the 1960s responded to population pressure and the belief that higher education was a key to social justice and economic productivity for individuals and for society.[9]

In 1967, a Catholic institution, Saint Patrick's College, was incorporated into Carleton. Founded in 1942, it had been granting its diplomas via the University of Ottawa.[10] Both University of Ottawa and Saint Patrick's had been inaugurated by the Catholic order Oblates of Immaculate Mary (OMI). The college was housed in a building on Echo Drive, near the Pretoria Bridge. Around 1973, a new building was erected on the Carleton campus proper. The college was dissolved as a separate entity after the 1979 academic year. Its final dean was Gerald Clarke who had been a professor from 1954. It had been known for its school of Social Work.[11] To this day, Carleton's School of Social Work continues to offer undergraduate and graduate programs.[12]

Improvements in Carleton's financial situation have resulted in many enhancements to the campus. These include, inter alia, the $30 million construction of new athletics facilities and the $22 million, 9,011 m2 (97,000 ft2) Human Computer Interaction (HCI) Institute Facility and Centre for Advanced Studies in Visualization and Simulation (V-SIM). More well-known, perhaps, is the $17 million upgrade and expansion to the University Centre. In 2008, a green globe designed residence was added named Frontenac House.[13]

Academics

Programs

Norman Paterson School of International Affairs (NPSIA)

The Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, commonly referred to as NPSIA (nip-see-yuh), is a professional school of international affairs at Carleton University and founded in 1965. The school is housed in the River Building. Students, alumni and faculty of NPSIA are referred to as NPSIAns (nip-see-yins). NPSIA is Canada's leading school of international affairs, founded during what is commonly considered a golden age of Canadian diplomacy. The school offers an interdisciplinary approach to the study of global issues, divided into seven clusters. NPSIA is the only full Canadian member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs, a group of the world's top schools in international affairs. NPSIA is well regarded within the international affairs community, and admission to the school is highly selective. In 2007, a poll of Canadian academics, intended to determine the best professional masters programs in international affairs, ranked NPSIA at No. 2, tied with Georgetown University, and ahead of programs at universities like Harvard and Columbia.[14][15]

In 2007, a poll of Canadian academics intended to determine the best professional masters programs in international affairs ranked NPSIA at No. 2, tied with Georgetown University. Two years later, Canadian academics ranked NPSIA the fifth best school in the world from which to obtain a terminal master's degree, ahead of schools like Princeton University and Yale University. In the same study, factoring in votes from surveyed academics from around the world, the school ranked 14th in the world, the only Canadian school to rank.[16]

Public Affairs

Many of Carleton's flagship offerings are housed in the Faculty of Public Affairs (FPA). This includes the School of Journalism and Communication, which offers the university's Bachelor of Journalism and Master of Journalism programs[17] and has educated many leading personalities in the field,[18] and the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs (NPSIA), which houses Canada's oldest foreign affairs graduate program. NPSIA, founded in 1965, is a member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (APSIA).[19] The School of Public Policy and Administration is the oldest such academic division in Canada and one of the most respected, with the university's first graduate degree in the discipline being granted in 1946.[20] Carleton's Arthur Kroeger College of Public Affairs offers the unique honours Bachelor of Public Affairs and Policy Management (B.P.A.P.M) and is home to the Clayton H. Riddell Graduate Program in Political Management.[21]

In September 2006, Carleton was designated a European Union Centre of Excellence by the European Commission in Brussels,[22] and was the first university to offer a BA (Honours) in European and Russian Studies and MA in European, Russian and Eurasian Studies.[23] Its Department of Law & Legal Studies offers a BA (Honours) in Law and MA and PhD programs in Legal Studies, and is Canada's oldest legal department to take an epistemic, rather than professional approach.[24] The Department of Political Science, which offers both undergraduate and graduate programs, was ranked 1st in 2006 amongst Canadian comprehensive universities based on total publications and citations by Research Infosource Inc.[25] The faculty also features the Institute of Political Economy, the Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice and African Studies, and is home to the School of Social Work and Department of Economics.[26]

Arts and Social Sciences

The Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (FASS) offers a variety of programs leading to the Bachelor of Arts (BA), Bachelor of Arts (Honours), Bachelor of Arts (Combined Honours), and Bachelor of Music degrees.[27] It also notably houses the College of the Humanities, one of Canada's few Great Books programs, which leads to a B.Hum (Bachelor of Humanities) degree,[28] and Carleton's Institute of Cognitive Science, which offers the only fully structured PhD program in Cognitive Science in the country, as well as undergraduate and masters programs.[29] There is also a collaborative MA in Digital humanities, one of the first in Canada.[30] The Public History Program is known nationally for its innovative teaching and research, having recently won national prizes.[31] FASS offers, in total, 14 master's and nine doctoral programs.[29]

Science

The Faculty of Science offers programs leading to the Bachelor of Science (BSc), Bachelor of Computer Science, Bachelor of Mathematics, Master of Science, Master of Computer Science, and PhD[32]

Business

The Sprott School of Business was the first in Canada to offer a Bachelor of International Business (BIB).[33] Its principal undergraduate offering, however, is the 4-year Bachelor of Commerce (Honours) degree, and at the postgraduate level both MBA and PhD programs are also offered.[34] The Sprott School has won the Overall Institution Performance Award, for its research contribution, at the Administrative Sciences Association of Canada (ASAC), in 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2012[35] among business schools at Canadian comprehensive universities.

Engineering and Design

Carleton's Faculty of Engineering and Design houses one of the country's first Industrial Design programs,[36] Carleton's collaborative Bachelor of Information Technology (BIT) program with Algonquin College, the university's Architecture program, and programs in a variety engineering disciplines leading to the Bachelor of Engineering (BEng) degree, including Canada's oldest in Aerospace Engineering.[37]

Admissions

Undergraduate admission requirements vary by academic program, with some specialized and limited enrolment offerings (e.g. Bachelor of Journalism, B.Hum., B.P.A.P.M and Aerospace Engineering) requiring admissions averages markedly higher (i.e. in the A-/A range) than their faculty norms (generally in the B range).[38] Many undergraduates find it difficult to retain their entrance scholarship, adding to their financial burden. Only 18 percent of Carleton undergraduates retain their scholarship.[39]

At the postgraduate level, admissions requirements also vary depending on the program, and the university provides significant funding to support students as they complete their programs of study and research, totalling $43 million in 2011.[40]

Rankings

University rankings
Global rankings
Times World[41] 226–250
Canadian rankings
Maclean's Comprehensive[42] 4
Times National[41] 16–17


Carleton has been included in a number of Canadian and international college and university rankings. In 2013–2014, Carleton was ranked 276–300 in the Times Higher Education Supplement rankings, and 401–500th in the Academic Ranking of World Universities. In 2015, Macleans ranked Carleton as the 4th best comprehensive university in Canada.

Campus

Carleton University campus as seen from the south.

The Carleton campus became the subject of an art exhibit conceived by local artist Adrian Gröllner. The MODERN U project sought to highlight the late modernist architecture exemplified by many of Carleton's early buildings.[43]

An extensive system of underground tunnels links the buildings of the campus, such that members of the university need not walk outside when traveling across campus - an especially useful feature during rainy periods and cold winters.[44]

The university is served by the OC Transpo, which operates the O-Train — linking the university to Mechanicsville in the north and to South Keys in the south—as well as by multiple bus routes. The university is served by routes 4, 111, and 7.

Student accommodation

Carleton has eleven student residences. Each is either a traditional dorm or a suite-style residence.[45] Traditional-style residences include Dundas House, Glengarry House, Grenville House, Lanark House, Lennox and Addington House, Renfrew House, Russell House and Stormont House. Suite-style residences include Leeds House, Frontenac House, and Prescott House. The Houses – all named after counties in Eastern Ontario – are inter-connected and linked to the rest of the University by Carleton's tunnel system. The university's residence facilities currently house more than 3,000 students during the academic year, and serve both undergraduates and postgraduates.[46]

Building projects

In the 2010–2011 school year three more buildings were built and an addition to an existing building began. River Building, Canal Building, and Lennox-Addington Residence were newly constructed.[47] Canal Building will both house classes and serve as an extension to the Engineering faculties; River Building will house the School of Journalism and Communication, the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs and the School of Public Policy and Administration.[47] Lastly, an extension was added to the Residence Commons building. In the 2011–2012 school year, the university announced the extension of the Library,[48] which was completed and officially announced on 3 December 2013.[49]

Canadian Forces

Ceremonial Guard marching in Ottawa

Each summer the Canadian Forces use Carleton residence facilities—notably Glengarry House and the Residence Commons dining hall—to house and feed the Ceremonial Guard. The Guard performs daily parades on Parliament Hill, and mounts sentries at Rideau Hall and at the War Memorial. The Guard marches and drills at Carleton between June and August, and it is possible to watch formations carrying rifles in full ceremonial uniform marching to parking lots 6 and 7 to prepare for their daily parade. Six million dollars is paid to Carleton for the rental of these spaces.

Scholarships & bursaries

Carleton University has joined Project Hero, a scholarship program co-founded by General (Ret'd) Rick Hillier for the families of fallen Canadian Forces members.[50]

The Government of Canada sponsors an Aboriginal Bursaries Search Tool that lists over 680 scholarships, bursaries, and other incentives offered by governments, universities, and industry to support Aboriginal post-secondary participation. Carleton University scholarships for Aboriginal, First Nations, Métis & Inuit students include the Gordon Robertson National Inuit Scholarship.[51]

Archives and Research Collections, Carleton University MacOdrum Library

Carleton is home to the MacOdrum Library, named after former Carleton President and Vice-Chancellor Murdoch Maxwell MacOdrum, whose Archives and Research Collections includes more than three million items. The W. McAllister Johnson collection houses rare books. The Modern Poetry collection includes poetry broadsides. The archival research collections include Heritage Conservation Research Collection. The Carleton University heritage material includes student newspapers, yearbooks, university heritage photograph collection and ephemera.[52] Its collections include the Maps, Data and Government Information Centre (MADGIC), the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Collection, and Special Collections & Archives.[53] Included in the Special Collections & Archives collection are many of the papers, drawings and digital records of renowned Canadian architect Douglas Cardinal, which led to the Douglas Cardinal Archives Project[54] which includes interviews conducted through the Carleton Centre for Public History[55] about his work.[56]

There are two resource centres at the university: an Audio Visual Resource Centre,[57] and a European and Russian Studies resource centre.[58] Other research facilities include the Herzberg Laboratories, Life Sciences Research Building, H.H.J. Nesbitt Biology Building, National Wildlife Research Centre, and Social Sciences Research Building.[59]

Student life

Dunton Tower, the tallest structure on campus

Student unions and services

All undergraduate students are members of the Carleton University Students' Association (CUSA), Canadian Federation of Students Local 1.[60] It was founded in 1942 and has a long history of being a nucleus of political activity[61] The organization advocates on behalf of undergraduates, organizes and delivers the annual frosh week in conjunction with the university, certifies and financially supports student-run clubs and societies and provides a variety of services to students. Students elect an executive and council members to represent them and their academic units within CUSA on an annual basis.[62] The organization administers a number of student centres designed to cater to the safety and well-being of various members of the student body; these are the Aboriginal Service Centre, BECAMPS (for mature students), the Carleton Disability Awareness Centre, Food Centre, Foot Patrol, Gender and Sexuality Resource Centre, International Students' Centre, Race, Ethnicity and Cultural Hall, and the Womyn's Centre.[61] It also runs a number of businesses: Oliver's, the undergraduate student pub which hosts a range of events throughout the year;[63] Rooster's Coffeehouse, a café that serves a variety of non-alcoholic refreshments and fast foods;[64] Henry's, a convenience store;[65] and Haven Books, a discount textbooks outlet[66]

Undergraduate students who live in the university's residence facilities are also members of the Rideau River Residence Association (RRRA). Founded in 1968 and incorporated in 1976, student members elect executives and floor representatives to the body, which endeavours to represent the interests of Carleton's undergraduate residents.[46] It hosts a variety of events for resident students, including an annual formal,[67] and runs Abstentions, a convenience store located in Residence Commons.[68]

All of the university's graduate students are members of the Carleton University Graduate Students' Association (GSA), Canadian Federation of Students Local 78.[60] Graduate students elect an executive and council members to represent their respective interests within the organization, which in turn advocates on their behalf and provides a variety of services that cater to postgraduates, which include the operation of a 'Grad Lounge' and graduate students' pub called Mike's Place (named after the late Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson), and the provision of access to a variety of office services.[69]

Carleton is also the birthplace of the code for BigBlueButton, an open source project that enables universities and colleges to deliver high-quality learning experiences to remote students.[70]

Arts and media

The student newspaper is The Charlatan, which celebrated its 60th anniversary in 2005. A newspaper for residence students, The Resin, was published until 2014 when the residence association discontinued it. During the school year the School of Journalism publishes a community newspaper, Centretown News, which reports on the Centretown neighbourhood of Ottawa, and an online newspaper, Capital News Online, as well as producing Midweek, a 90-minute current affairs radio show which is broadcast to the city. There is also the student-run writers' zine, In/Words, which is sponsored by the Department of English Language and Literature, as well as The Iron Times, published by the Carleton Student Engineering Society.

Carleton is home to a community radio station, CKCU-FM. Broadcasting for the first time on 14 November 1975, CKCU-FM was the first licensed community-based campus radio station in Canada.[71]

While Carleton does not have a theatre department, its student-driven Sock 'n' Buskin Theatre Company,[72] which was founded in 1943, is one of the institution's longstanding fixtures.

Athletics

The Ravens men's basketball team has won the national championship eleven times between 2002 and 2015, with five consecutive titles twice, between 2002–03 and 2006–07 and again between 2010-2011 and 2014-2015, surpassing the University of Victoria at the top of the all-time list.[73] The Vikes had seven consecutive wins in the 1980s.

After being abolished on 3 March 1999 due to a lack of success and the ensuing financial burden, the Ravens Football team will be making a comeback in the 2013 season.[74] The idea for revival was first brought forward by the Old Crow Society, which represents Carleton Football's alumni, in 2000, but it was deemed that such a move would be too premature at that time.[74] Subsequently, a 2008 survey indicated that 86% of students were in favour of resuscitating the university's football program.[74] The team will form an independent corporate entity with its own revenue stream—a model that has proven successful at other Canadian schools, notably Laval University.[74]

The Carleton Ravens men’s ice hockey team plays within the Ontario University Athletics conference of Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS).[75]

Fraternities and sororities

Carleton is home to a number of fraternities and sororities, both local and international. The Carleton University Greek Council (of which nearly all fraternities and sororities are members) is recognized as a student organization by CUSA.[76]

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Fraternities
Sororities

Notable alumni and faculty

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Main article: List of Carleton University people

Past faculty include three Nobel laureates; pioneering scientists in physics and chemistry – Gerhard Herzberg and Peter Grünberg and Former Prime Minister of Canada Lester B. Pearson, as well as six Order of Canada recipients. The Right Honourable Herb Gray, Canada's longest-serving continuous Member of Parliament, former Cabinet minister in the Trudeau, Turner, and Chrétien governments, former Deputy Prime Minister, and acting Leader of the Opposition, was the 10th Chancellor of the University.[77] The current Chancellor is Mr. Charles Chi (BEng '88), a venture capitalist and executive chairman of Lytro. His company has designed a revolutionary new camera that uses light field technology.[78]

Roseann Runte was appointed the university's president on 8 January 2008, succeeding David W. Atkinson and his pro tempore (acting) successor Samy Mahmoud, the previous Vice-President (academic).[79]

See also

References

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Further reading

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External links

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