Pentanal
Names | |
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IUPAC name
Pentanal
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Other names
Pentanaldehyde
Valeraldehyde Valeric aldehyde |
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Identifiers | |
110-62-3 | |
ChEBI | CHEBI:84069 |
ChemSpider | 7772 |
DrugBank | DB01919 |
Jmol 3D model | Interactive image |
PubChem | 8063 |
UNII | B975S3014W |
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Properties | |
C5H10O | |
Molar mass | 86.13 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Clear liquid |
Odor | Strong, acrid, pungent |
Density | 0.8095 at 20 °C |
Melting point | −60 °C (−76 °F; 213 K) |
Boiling point | 102 to 103 °C (216 to 217 °F; 375 to 376 K) |
Very slightly soluble | |
Vapor pressure | 26 mmHg (20° C)[3] |
Vapor pressure | {{{value}}} |
Related compounds | |
Related aldehydes
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Butyraldehyde |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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verify (what is ?) | |
Infobox references | |
Pentanal, also called pentanaldehyde or valeraldehyde, is an alkyl aldehyde, molecular formula C5H10O. It is used in flavorings, resin chemistry, and rubber accelerators.[1]
Production
Pentanal is obtained by hydroformylation of butene. Also C4 mixtures can be used as starting material like the so-called raffinate II, which is produced by steam cracking and contains (Z)- and (E)-2-butene, 1-butene, butane and isobutane. The conversion to the product is accomplished with synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a rhodium-bisphosphite complex and a sterically hindered secondary amine with a selectivity toward pentanal of at least 90%.[4]
Use
Pentanal is used in different flavors (e. g. fruit flavors) and as a vulcanization accelerator.
2-propyl-2-heptenal is obtained from pentanal by aldol condensation, which is hydrogenated to the saturated branched 2-propylheptanol. This alcohol serves as a starting material for the PVC plasticizer di-2-propylheptyl phthalate and by ethoxylation with 5 or 7 ethylene oxide units of nonionic APEO (alkyl phenol ethoxylate)-free detergents.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9813.
- ↑ n-Valeraldehyde at chemicalland21.com
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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- ↑ Patent WO 2009/146985 der Evonik Oxeno GmbH.
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