Straight University

Straight University

Former names	Straight College
Type	Private, HBCU
Active	1868–1934
Affiliation	American Missionary Association
Location	New Orleans , Louisiana , United States

Straight University, after 1915 Straight College, was a historically black college that operated between 1868 and 1934 in New Orleans, Louisiana. It was founded by the American Missionary Association.

Campus

The campus faced Canal Street, occupying the block between Tonti and Rocheblave Streets backed by Gasquet (now Cleveland Avenue). After the university was absorbed into the newly-created Dillard University, the campus buildings served as a school and YWCA until demolished in 1950.

History

Responding to the post-Civil War need to educate newly freed African Americans in New Orleans, Louisiana and the surrounding region, the American Missionary Association of the Congregational Church founded Straight University on June 12, 1868.

Straight University received its name as recognition for Seymour Straight's initial endowment gift. Straight was a wealthy cheese manufacturer from Hudson, Ohio.

In 1915, the name "Straight University" was changed to Straight College which represented the scope of the school's work more accurately. Missionary work was a core concern, which extended from New Orleans to Africa.

Throughout its history, Straight offered courses of study ranging from elementary- to college-level courses in music, and theology.

In 1934, after experiencing financial difficulties, Straight College was merged with New Orleans University to form Dillard University.

Law department

Straight University also offered professional training, including a law department from 1874 to 1886, and its graduates participated in local and national Reconstruction and post-Reconstruction era civil rights struggles. For example, 1876 Straight University Law School graduate Louis André Martinet published The Crusader--a civil rights daily, co-founded the Comité des Citoyens (Citizens' Committee), and played a significant role in the Plessy v. Ferguson landmark Supreme Court case.

The Law department is historically notable because blacks and whites were trained side by side. "It is an interesting fact of our 50 law graduates, 35 have been white." The school struggled to provide its law students a proper research library. The students typically met for classes in the law professors offices.

In 1886, Straight discontinued the Law Department and began to focus on the liberal arts, industrial arts, and teacher training.

Notable alumni

Graduates had an important role in bringing education and medical care to African-Americans during the early part of the 20th Century. Physician James W. Ames, for example, founded the first hospital for blacks in Detroit in 1910. Dunbar Hospital was created for physicians and patients of color, unable to practise or be admitted to Detroit hospitals operated by whites. Straight's graduates participated in local and national Reconstruction and post-Reconstruction era civil rights struggles. For example, 1876 Straight University Law School graduate, Louis André Martinet, published The Crusader--a civil rights daily, co-founded the Comité des Citoyens (Citizens' Committee), and played a significant role in the Plessy v. Ferguson landmark Supreme Court case. Among other notable alumni are P.B.S. Pinchback (first African American governor of a U.S. state), Mary Booze (first African-American to sit on the Republican National Committee, as the committeewoman from Mississippi from 1924 to 1948), and Alice Dunbar Nelson, foremother of the Harlem Renaissance.

Notes

• ^ Laborde & Magill (2006). "Canal Street: New Orleans' great wide way".