La Roche-sur-Yon
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| La Roche-sur-Yon | ||
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| Prefecture and commune | ||
| Square Napoléon (Place Napoléon (fr))
Square Napoléon (Place Napoléon)
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| Country | France | |
| Region | Pays de la Loire | |
| Department | Vendée | |
| Arrondissement | La Roche-sur-Yon | |
| Canton | La Roche-sur-Yon-1 and 2 | |
| Intercommunality | La Roche-sur-Yon Agglomération | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Luc Bouard[1] | |
| Area1 | 87.52 km2 (33.79 sq mi) | |
| Population (Jan. 2018)2 | Lua error in Module:Wd at line 405: invalid escape sequence near '"^'. | |
| INSEE/Postal code | 85191 / 85000 | |
| Elevation | 32–94 m (105–308 ft) (avg. 74 m or 243 ft) |
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| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once. | ||
La Roche-sur-Yon (pronounced: [la ʁɔʃ syʁ jɔ̃]) is a commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France. It is the capital of the department. The demonym for its inhabitants is Yonnais.[2]
Known for its historical significance and cultural heritage, La Roche-sur-Yon also houses a wide range of educational institutions, from primary schools to higher education establishments.
Contents
History
The town expanded significantly after Napoleon I chose the site as the new préfecture of the Vendée on 25 May 1804, replacing Fontenay-le-Comte (then under its revolutionary name of Fontenay-le-Peuple). At the time, most of La Roche had been eradicated in the Vendée Revolt (1793–96); the renamed Napoléonville was laid out and a fresh population of soldiers and civil servants was brought in. Napoléonville was designed to accommodate 15,000 people.[3]
The town was called successively:
- La Roche-sur-Yon (during the Ancien Régime and the French First Republic)
- Napoléon-sur-Yon (during the First French Empire)
- Bourbon-Vendée (during the French Restoration)
- Napoléon-Vendée (during the French Second Empire)
Geography
The river Yon flows southward through the commune and crosses the town.
Climate
La Roche-sur-Yon has a oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in La Roche-sur-Yon is 12.4 °C (54.3 °F). The average annual rainfall is 885.5 mm (34.86 in) with November as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 19.5 °C (67.1 °F), and lowest in January, at around 6.1 °C (43.0 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in La Roche-sur-Yon was 41.5 °C (106.7 °F) on 18 July 2022; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −15.4 °C (4.3 °F) on 10 February 1986.
| Town | Sunshine (hours/yr) |
Rain (mm/yr) |
Snow (days/yr) |
Storm (days/yr) |
Fog (days/yr) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Average | 1,973 | 770 | 14 | 22 | 40 |
| La Roche-sur-Yon | 1,922.4 | 880.7 | 4.9 | 13.1 | 56.4 |
| Paris | 1,661 | 637 | 12 | 18 | 10 |
| Nice | 2,724 | 767 | 1 | 29 | 1 |
| Strasbourg | 1,693 | 665 | 29 | 29 | 56 |
| Brest | 1,605 | 1,211 | 7 | 12 | 75 |
| Climate data for La Roche-sur-Yon (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1984−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.9 (60.6) |
21.6 (70.9) |
24.1 (75.4) |
28.1 (82.6) |
31.9 (89.4) |
38.8 (101.8) |
41.5 (106.7) |
38.7 (101.7) |
34.2 (93.6) |
29.9 (85.8) |
21.1 (70) |
18.7 (65.7) |
41.5 (106.7) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 9.0 (48.2) |
10.1 (50.2) |
13.1 (55.6) |
15.7 (60.3) |
19.3 (66.7) |
22.8 (73) |
24.9 (76.8) |
25.1 (77.2) |
22.1 (71.8) |
17.3 (63.1) |
12.5 (54.5) |
9.5 (49.1) |
16.8 (62.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.1 (43) |
6.4 (43.5) |
8.8 (47.8) |
10.9 (51.6) |
14.3 (57.7) |
17.5 (63.5) |
19.4 (66.9) |
19.5 (67.1) |
16.8 (62.2) |
13.4 (56.1) |
9.2 (48.6) |
6.5 (43.7) |
12.4 (54.3) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) |
2.7 (36.9) |
4.4 (39.9) |
6.0 (42.8) |
9.3 (48.7) |
12.3 (54.1) |
13.9 (57) |
13.9 (57) |
11.4 (52.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
5.9 (42.6) |
3.6 (38.5) |
8.0 (46.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −14.9 (5.2) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−10.3 (13.5) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
2.8 (37) |
7.2 (45) |
5.1 (41.2) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 94.8 (3.732) |
70.5 (2.776) |
64.4 (2.535) |
65.9 (2.594) |
62.4 (2.457) |
45.3 (1.783) |
47.9 (1.886) |
52.1 (2.051) |
71.9 (2.831) |
98.7 (3.886) |
108.1 (4.256) |
103.5 (4.075) |
885.5 (34.862) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 12.6 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 12.0 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 121.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 73.6 | 106.4 | 151.1 | 183.6 | 210.8 | 229.0 | 241.4 | 235.7 | 199.1 | 128.8 | 88.9 | 74.0 | 1,922.4 |
| Source: Meteo France[5][6][7] | |||||||||||||
Population
The population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of La Roche-sur-Yon proper, in its geography at the given years. The commune of La Roche-sur-Yon absorbed the former communes of Le Bourg-sous-la-Roche-sur-Yon and Saint-André-d'Ornay in 1964.[8]
| Historical population | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source: EHESS[8] and INSEE (1968-2017)[9] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Administration
The Communauté d'agglomération "La Roche-sur-Yon Agglomération" contains 15 communes:
- Aubigny
- Chaillé-sous-les-Ormeaux
- La Chaize-le-Vicomte
- Les Clouzeaux
- Dompierre-sur-Yon
- La Ferrière
- Fougeré
- Landeronde
- Mouilleron-le-Captif
- Nesmy
- La Roche-sur-Yon
- Saint-Florent-des-Bois
- Le Tablier
- Thorigny
- Venansault
La Roche-sur-Yon is the chief town of the Arrondissement of La Roche-sur-Yon, which covers 11 cantons, 92 communes, and has a population of 230,386 (1999 census).
La-Roche-sur-Yon is chief town of two cantons, Canton of La Roche-sur-Yon-1 and Canton of La Roche-sur-Yon-2.
Main sights
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Statue de Napoléon.JPG
Napoléon's statue (1854)
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Kiosque Place Napoléon.JPG
Kiosk on Napoléon square
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Animaux mécaniques Place Napoléon LRSY.JPG
Napoléon square / Place Napoléon
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Église Saint-Louis (façade droite) - La Roche-sur-Yon.jpg
Saint-Louis church
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Église Saint-Louis (nef) - La Roche-sur-Yon.jpg
Saint-Louis church
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Église Saint-Louis (orgues 1) - La Roche-sur-Yon.jpg
Saint-Louis church organ
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Eglise Saint-Louis de La Roche-sur-Yon depuis la voûte.JPG
Saint Louis Church of La Roche-sur-Yon
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Eglise Saint-Louis de La Roche-sur-Yon depuis la tribune haute.JPG
Saint Louis Church of La Roche-sur-Yon
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Théâtre (façade) de La Roche-sur-Yon.jpg
Theatre
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Ancien Hôpital (façade centrale) - La Roche-sur-Yon.jpg
Old Hospital
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Musée.jpg
Museum
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La Roche-sur-Yon - Hôtel des Postes.jpg
Post office
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Prefecture building
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Sacrécoeurlry.JPG
Sacré-cœur church
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Pavillon Renaissance (façade principale) - La Roche-sur-Yon.jpg
Renaissance house (1566)
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Ancien Palais de Justice - La Roche-sur-Yon.jpg
Old Palais de Justice
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La médiathèque B. Rabier.JPG
Benjamin Rabier media library
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Gare de La Roche sur Yon.JPG
Train station
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Abbaye des Fontenelles (vue d'ensemble) - La Roche-sur-Yon.jpg
Transport
The Gare de La Roche-sur-Yon railway station offers connections to Nantes, Paris, Les Sables-d'Olonne, Bordeaux and several regional destinations. The A87 motorway connects La Roche-sur-Yon with Les Sables-d'Olonne and Angers, the A83 with Nantes and Niort.
Education
Primary and Secondary Education
The commune has designated attendance zones for its primary schools.[10]
Schools include:
- 2 public preschools (écoles maternelles)[11]
- 2 public elementary schools[11]
- 13 public school groups of combined preschools and elementary schools[11]
- 6 private elementary schools[11]
- Public junior high schools: Collège Auguste et Jean-Renoir, Collège mixte Les Gondoliers, Collège mixte Edouard Herriot, Collège Haxo[12]
- Private junior high schools: Collège mixte du Sacré-Coeur, Collège mixte Richelieu, Collège mixte Saint-Louis[12]
- Public senior high schools: Lycée Nature (general education and agricultural technology), Lycée d'état mixte Alfred-Kastler, Lycée polyvalent Jean de Lattre-de-Tassigny, Lycée polyvalent Pierre-Mendès-France, and Lycée professionnel Edoaurd Branly[13]
- Private senior high schools: Lycée Saint-François d'Assise, Lycée d'enseignement général et technologique Notre-Dame-du-Roc, Lycée les Etablières[13]
- One grande école : Institut catholique d'arts et métiers
Higher Education
La Roche-sur-Yon is home to several higher education institutions:
- Université de Nantes — La Roche-sur-Yon Campus: An extension of the University of Nantes, this campus hosts a variety of undergraduate programs including Business Administration, Computer Science, and Law.[14]
- IUT La Roche-sur-Yon: A part of the University Institute of Technology, it provides vocational-technical education, granting two-year diplomas in fields like Mechanical Engineering, Business and Administration Management, and Multimedia and Internet Technologies.[15]
- ICES (Institut Catholique d'Études Supérieures): A private institution known for programs in humanities, social sciences, law, and business.[16]
Specialized Institutions
La Roche-sur-Yon also hosts several specialized educational institutions:
- École Supérieure de Design de La Roche-sur-Yon: A design school offering programs in graphic design, product design, and interaction design.[17]
- Conservatoire à rayonnement départemental de La Roche-sur-Yon: A music, dance, and drama school providing a wide range of courses for all ages.
Sports
In 2014 La Roche-sur-yon hosted the 2014 French championship of table tennis[18]
La Roche-sur-Yon's Vendéspace hosted one of the first round ties of the 2014 Davis Cup tennis tournament over the weekend of 31 January - 2 February 2014. France hosted Australia as both teams competed for a place in the World Group quarterfinals.
In 2015 La Roche-sur-Yon, will host the 2015 FIRS Men's Roller Hockey World Cup, the first time that a World Cup of roller hockey is held in France.
In June 2015 La Roche-sur-Yon's Vendéspace will host the qualification tournament for the World Championships in Savate Combat[19]
Twin towns – sister cities
La Roche-sur-Yon is twinned with:[20]
Gummersbach, Germany
Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
Drummondville, Canada
Cáceres, Spain, since 1982
Tizi Ouzou, Algeria, since 1989- Burg bei Magdeburg, Germany, since 2005
- Broomhedge, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom, since 2021
Notable people
- Joséphine Colomb (1833-1892), children's writer, lyricist, translator
- Ciryl Gane (born 1990), mixed martial artist, former UFC Interim Heavyweight Champion
- Adlène Guedioura (born 1985), Algerian former professional footballer
- Thomas Laurent (born 1998), racing driver
- Nicolas Marroc (born 1986), racing driver
- MHD (born 1994), rapper
See also
- Communes of the Vendée department
- Education in France
- List of schools in France
- University of Nantes
- Institut Catholique d'Études Supérieures
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to La Roche-sur-Yon. |
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- ↑ Graham Robb, The Discovery of France, Picador, London (2007), pp257-8
- ↑ Paris, Nice, Strasbourg, Brest
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- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet La Roche-sur-Yon, EHESS. Script error: No such module "In lang".
- ↑ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
- ↑ "Sectorisation scolaire 2016." La Roche-sur-Yon. Retrieved on 6 September 2016.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 "[1]." La Roche Sur-Yon. Retrieved on 6 September 2016.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Collèges." La Roche Sur-Yon. Retrieved on 6 September 2016.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Lycées." La Roche Sur-Yon. Retrieved on 6 September 2016.
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