Spar (retailer)
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Public | |
Industry | Retail |
Founded | 1932 |
Headquarters | Amsterdam, Netherlands |
Products | Grocery stores, convenience stores, discount stores, hypermarkets and more |
Revenue | €31.1 billion (2011) |
Website | spar.nl |
Spar (Dutch pronunciation: [spɑr]), trademarked as SPAR, is a Dutch multinational retail chain[1] and franchise with approximately 12,500 stores in 35 countries worldwide. It was founded in the Netherlands in 1932 by retailer Adriaan van Well. Through its affiliate organisations, Spar operates through most European countries, parts of Africa, Asia and Oceania.[2] Its headquarters are in Amsterdam.[3]
Contents
Etymology
The name was originally DE SPAR, an acronym of the Dutch phrase Door Eendrachtig Samenwerken Profiteren Allen Regelmatig[note 1] (English: through united co-operation everyone regularly profits). De Spar is Dutch for "The spruce", hence Spar's logo. As the organisation expanded across Europe, the name was abbreviated by dropping "DE".[citation needed]
Spar is also the root of the verb which means "to save [money]" in some Germanic (among them German[4]) and Scandinavian languages.
There are some international naming variants:
- In Italy, the name is still Despar, though in keeping with the international branding, the "Spar" section of the logo is highlighted, and the larger stores are still called Eurospar and Interspar. In Austria, Despar is Spar's Italian food store brand.[5]
- In Japan some stores operate under the name Hotspar, although the store logo colouring remains unchanged.[citation needed]
History
Spar was founded in 1932 in the Dutch town of Zegwaart (now Zoetermeer). In 1953 an International Spar office opened in Amsterdam to control and further develop the organisation throughout Europe and other continents. Most Spar stores are in Europe, but they can also be found in a few countries outside of Europe, such as Nigeria, South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Swaziland, Australia,[6] Mauritius, China, India, Japan, Vanuatu, Greenland[7] and Angola.
A Spar store may be owned independently, by a franchisee, or be part of a chain, depending on the model applied in any given country. The owners of the parent company vary from country to country and may include the store owners themselves. The name and the current logo was most recently revised in 1968 by Raymond Loewy and has remained unchanged ever since.[8]
In the United Kingdom Spar has become known primarily as a convenience store, although in Northern Ireland Spar operates using the subformat Eurospar as well. The company also has a large presence in the Republic of Ireland where it also uses the Eurospar subformat. Spar opened in the Republic of Vanuatu on 1 December 2009, ending Au Bon Marché's grocery monopoly.
Since 1996, the company has been a major sponsor of the European Athletic Association and its events.[9]
In 1997, Spar was introduced to most United Kingdom military bases by Navy, Army and Air Force Institutes (Naafi), where it sells a variety of civilian and military products.[10]
The Dutch Spar is a member of Superunie, an inventory purchasing organization for a number of otherwise unaffiliated supermarket brands.[citation needed]
In July 2014 SPAR Group South Africa opened its first supermarket in Angola. In August 2014 the group acquired 80% of the BWG Group, which had outlets in Ireland and southwest England.[11]
In 2015 Ahold bought all Czech stores and converted them into Albert super- and hypermarkets, however it had to get rid of some stores in order not to have a monopoly.[citation needed]
The first Spar store in Oman was inaugurated in January 2015 in Muscat.[citation needed] SPAR Oman plans more stores to open in the coming months as part of its expansion plans in Oman.[citation needed]
In March 2015 the first three stores in Indonesia were opened.[citation needed] Twelve stores are planned to open in the country by the end of 2015.[citation needed]
Store types
In most, but not all countries, SPAR operates stores of different types and sub-brands, including in India.[12]
- Eurospar/Superspar
The Eurospar name is used for this format in Europe and Superspar in South Africa. These are mid-sized supermarkets. They are designed to fit in a niche between convenience stores and traditional supermarkets.[citation needed]
- Interspar
These are hypermarkets and compete directly against major international chains such as Real, Carrefour, and Tesco.[13][14]
- Spar Express
This is the smallest store type. They are designed for small sites and filling station forecourts. They are called Kwikspar in South Africa.[citation needed]
- Spar Drive-Thru
There was a Drive-Thru Spar on the Cliftonville Road in Belfast, Northern Ireland. This has now been converted to a Centra Store, and still has a Drive-Thru.[15]
- Spar Gourmet
Some small Spar stores in Austria are called Spar Gourmet since the Austrian Spar Group took over the supermarket chains Julius Meinl in 2000. The standard range is extended to local and global delicacies.[16]
Company slogans
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- "Mijn buurt, mijn Spar" (My neighborhood, my Spar) Is the new slogan since 2014
International statistics (2011)
Country | Sales (in 1000s)[17] | No. of stores[17] | Sales area (m²)[17] | Sales per area | Average store size (m²)[17] |
Nationwide owner |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Angola | €40,838 | 1 | The Spar Group Ltd | |||
Australia | €172,008 | 100 | 36,271 | €4,742/m² | 363 | SPAR Australia |
Austria | €5,360,000 | 1,470 | 1,067,681 | €5,020/m² | 726 | ASPIAG |
Belgium | €813,500 | 291 | 137,743 | €5,905/m² | 473 | Colruyt and Lambrechts |
Botswana | €97,506 | 26 | 23,249 | €4,193/m² | 894 | The Spar Group Ltd. |
China | €716,000 | 175 | 657,000 | €1,089/m² | 3,754 | 6 partners |
Croatia | €263,426 | 27 | 68,036 | €3,871/m² | 3,581 | ASPIAG |
Czech Republic** | €550,000 | 39 | 138,293 | €3,977/m² | 3,546 | ASPIAG |
Denmark | €1,072,740 | 504 | 170,309 | €6,298/m² | 338 | Dagrofa |
France | €968,382 | 956 | 245,214 | €3,949/m² | 257 | Casino |
Germany | €250,000 | 340 | 27,200 | €9,191/m² | 80 | Edeka |
Greece | €683,389 | 189 | 142,658 | €4,790/m² | 755 | Veropoulos |
Hungary | €1,400,000 | 389 | 391,467 | €3,576/m² | 1,006 | ASPIAG |
India | €1,516,182 | 16 | 142,630 | €5,000/m² | 500 | Sparindia |
Ireland | €1,116,144 | 422 | 116,720 | €9,562/m² | 277 | BWG Foods |
Italy | €3,855,662 | 1,549 | 831,423 | €4,637/m² | 537 | 10 licence partners |
Japan | €86,224 | 89 | 9,559 | €9,020/m² | 107 | Hokkaido SPAR |
Mauritius | €22,041 | 8 | 7,000 | €3,148/m² | 875 | Casino |
Namibia | €127,706 | 27 | 27,670 | €4,615/m² | 1,025 | The Spar Group Ltd. |
Netherlands | €491,455 | 282 | 111,309 | €4,415/m² | 395 | Sperwer Groep |
Nigeria | €22,167 | 2 | 5,414 | €4,094/m² | 2,707 | Artee Nigeria Ltd |
Norway | €1,440,539 | 276 | 156,351 | €9,213/m² | 566 | NorgesGruppen |
Poland | €84,903 | 71 | 18,288 | €4,642/m² | 258 | Bac-Pol |
Portugal | €44,132 | 58 | 20,013 | €2,205/m² | 345 | |
Romania | €10,000 | 7 | 3,000 | €3,333/m² | 429 | |
Russia | €935,000 | 254 | 126,453 | €7,394/m² | 498 | 5 partners |
Slovenia | €713,546 | 97 (2015) | 142,133 | €5,020/m² | 1,653 | ASPIAG |
South Africa* | €4,628,469 | 875[18] | 874,810 | €5,290/m² | 1,085 | The Spar Group Ltd. (JSE: SPP) |
Spain | €1,152,174 | 904 | 327,075 | €3,522/m² | 362 | Spar Española |
Switzerland | €455,094 | 169 | 69,838 | €6,516/m² | 426 | SPAR Handels AG |
Ukraine | €71,817 | 36 | 28,423 | €3,024/m² | 742 | |
United Kingdom | €3,189,273 | 2,504 | 357,860 | €8,912/m² | 143 | Spar (UK) Limited[19] |
Zambia | €52,139 | 11 | 19,142 | €2,723/m² | 1,740 | SPAR Zambia |
Zimbabwe | €233,009 | 64 | 40,826 | €5,707/m² | 638 | 2 partners |
* Including stores (4) in Swaziland.
** Czech stores bought by Ahold in 2015 and converted to both Albert super- and hypermarkets.
See also
Notes
- ↑ Dutch pronunciation: [doːr eːnˈdrɑxtɪx ˈsaːmə(n)ʋɛrkə(n) proːfiˈteːrə(n) ˈɑlə(n) reːɣəlˈmaːtəx]
References
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- ↑ [1][dead link]
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- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 http://www.spar-international.com/media/80988/spar-international-annual-report-2011.pdf (registration required)
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External links
- Articles with dead external links from October 2013
- Use dmy dates from May 2014
- Articles with unsourced statements from January 2016
- Official website not in Wikidata
- 1932 establishments in the Netherlands
- Companies based in Amsterdam
- Companies established in 1932
- Convenience stores
- Dutch brands
- Multinational companies headquartered in the Netherlands
- Purchasing consortia
- Supermarkets of Austria
- Supermarkets of Croatia
- Supermarkets of India
- Supermarkets of Northern Ireland
- Supermarkets of Romania
- Supermarkets of Slovenia
- Supermarkets of Spain
- Supermarkets of the Czech Republic
- Supermarkets of the Netherlands
- Supermarkets of the Republic of Ireland
- Supermarkets of the United Kingdom
- Supermarkets of Ukraine